1890 United States House of Representatives elections

The 1890 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 4, 1890, with five states holding theirs early in between June and October. They occurred in the middle of President Benjamin Harrison's term. Elections were held for 332 seats of the United States House of Representatives, representing 44 states, to serve in the 52nd United States Congress. Special elections were also held throughout the year.

1890 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1888 June 3, 1890 – November 4, 1890 1892 →
All 332 seats in the United States House of Representatives 167 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party Third party   Leader Charles Frederick Crisp Thomas Brackett Reed Jerry Simpson Party Democratic Republican Populist Leader's seat Georgia 3rd Maine 1st Kansas 7th Last election 152 seats 179 seats 0 seats Seats won 238[1][a] 86[1][a] 8[1][a] Seat change 86 93 8 Popular vote 4,945,756 4,173,605 182,797 Percentage 50.71% 42.80% 1.87% Swing 2.03% 4.56% New
Results:      Democratic gain      Republican gain      Democratic hold      Republican hold      Populist gain
Speaker before election Thomas Reed Republican Elected Speaker Charles Crisp Democratic

A stagnant economy which became worse after the Panic of 1890, combined with a lack of support for then-Representative William McKinley's (defeated in the election) steep tariff act, which favored large industries at the expense of consumers, led to a sharp defeat for Harrison's Republican Party, giving a large majority to the Democratic Party and presaging Harrison's defeat in the 1892 United States presidential election. The Republican-controlled Congress was highly criticized for its lavish spending, and it earned the unflattering nickname of The Billion Dollar Congress. The Democrats promised to cut the outlandish budget.

Furthermore, aggressive Republican promotion of controversial English-only education laws enacted by Wisconsin and Illinois in 1889, accompanied by a surge in nativist and anti-Catholic sentiment within the state parties, had greatly hollowed out the party's support base in these former strongholds. A rare multi-confessional alliance of mainly German clergy rallied their flocks in defense of language and faith to the Democratic Party, which tore through incumbent Republican majorities in both states, capturing a total of 11 formerly Republican seats between them alone.^[2] Bitterly divisive struggles over temperance laws had also been alienating immigrants from the increasingly prohibitionist Republican Party across the Midwest more broadly. Dramatic losses in the previous year's gubernatorial elections in Iowa and Ohio (which would lose another 14 Republican congressional seats between them during this election) were due in no small part to wet immigrant communities, especially Germans, expressing their resentment toward Republican efforts to ban or otherwise curtail alcohol consumption by throwing their support behind the Democratic candidates.^[3]

This election also saw the Populist Party, a coalition of farmers and laborers who wanted to overhaul the nation's financial system, make a small mark on Congress.

Special elections

• Kentucky 6: June 21, 1890: William W. Dickerson (D) elected to finish the term of John G. Carlisle (D), who had resigned May 26, 1890 when elected U.S. senator. Democratic hold. Dickerson: 8,412 (63.95%), Wesley M. Rardin (R) 4,742 (36.05%).^[4]
• California 1: December 9, 1890: Thomas J. Geary (D) elected to finish the term of John J. De Haven (R), who had resigned October 1, 1890. Democratic gain.
• Iowa 7
• Missouri 14: James P. Walker (D) died July 19, 1890, and Robert H. Whitelaw (D) was elected November 4, 1890. Democratic hold.

Election summaries

↓

238	8	86
Democratic	P	Republican

State	Type	Total seats	Democratic		Populist		Republican
			Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama	District	8	8	1	0		0	1
Arkansas	District	5	5	2	0	1[b]	0	1
California	District	6	2		0		4
Colorado	At-large	1	0		0		1
Connecticut	District	4	3	2	0		1	2
Delaware	At-large	1	1		0		0
Florida	District	2	2		0		0
Georgia	District	10	10		0		0
Idaho[c]	At-large	1	0		0		1
Illinois	District	20	14	7	0		6	7
Indiana	District	13	11	1	0		2	1
Iowa	District	11	6	5	0		5	5
Kansas	District	7	0		5	5	2	5
Kentucky	District	11	10	1	0		1	1
Louisiana	District	6	6	1	0		0	1
Maine[c]	District	4	0		0		4
Maryland	District	6	6	3	0		0	3
Massachusetts	District	12	7	5	0		5	5
Michigan	District	11	8	6	0		3	6
Minnesota	District	5	3	3	1	1	1	4
Mississippi	District	7	7		0		0
Missouri	District	14	14	4	0		0	4
Montana	At-large	1	1	1	0		0	1
Nebraska	District	3	1	1	2	2	0	3
Nevada	At-large	1	0		0		1
New Hampshire	District	2	2	2	0		0	2
New Jersey	District	7	5	2	0		2	2
New York	District	34	23	8	0		11	8
North Carolina	District	9	8	2	0		1	2
North Dakota	At-large	1	0		0		1
Ohio	District	21	14	9	0		7	9
Oregon[c]	At-large	1	0		0		1
Pennsylvania	District	28	11	4	0		17	4
Rhode Island	District	2	2	2	0		0	2
South Carolina	District	7	7		0		0
South Dakota	At-large	2	0		0		2
Tennessee	District	10	8	1	0		2	1
Texas	District	11	11		0		0
Vermont[c]	District	2	0		0		2
Virginia	District	10	10	4	0		0	4
Washington	At-large	1	0		0		1
West Virginia	District	4	4	2	0		0	2
Wisconsin	District	9	8	6	0		1	6
Wyoming[c]	At-large	1	0		0		1
Total		332	238[5] 71.7%	74	8[5] 2.4%	9	86[5] 25.9%	83

Popular vote Democratic   50.71% Republican   42.80% Populist   1.87% Others   4.62%

House seats Democratic   71.69% Republican   25.90% Populist   2.41%

The previous election of 1888 saw the election of one Labor Party representative in Arkansas.

House seats by party holding plurality in state   80+% Democratic     80+% Republican   60+% to 80% Democratic   60+% to 80% Populist   60+% to 80% Republican   Up to 60% Democratic     Up to 60% Republican

Net gain in party representation   6+ Democratic gain     6+ Republican gain   3-5 Democratic gain   3-5 Populist gain   3-5 Republican gain   1-2 Democratic gain   1-2 Populist gain   1-2 Republican gain   no net change

Early election dates

In 1890, five states, with 9 seats among them, held elections early:

• June 3 Oregon
• September 2 Vermont
• September 8 Maine
• September 11 Idaho
• October 1 Wyoming

Idaho and Wyoming held elections for both the outgoing 51st Congress and the incoming 52nd Congress in 1890, having been admitted that year, and held future elections on the standard election day.

Alabama

See also: List of United States representatives from Alabama

Arkansas

See also: List of United States representatives from Arkansas

California

Main article: 1890 United States House of Representatives elections in California

See also: List of United States representatives from California

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
California 1	Vacant			Incumbent resigned October 1, 1890. Democratic gain.	▌Y Thomas J. Geary (Democratic) 49.3% ▌John A. Barham (Republican) 48.8% ▌L. B. Scranton (Prohibition) 1.9%
California 2	Marion Biggs	Democratic	1886	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Anthony Caminetti (Democratic) 49% ▌George I. Blanchard (Republican) 48.6% ▌J. S. Witherell (Prohibition) 2.4%
California 3	Joseph McKenna	Republican	1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Joseph McKenna (Republican) 55.4% ▌John P. Irish (Democratic) 42.5% ▌O. O. Felkner (Prohibition) 2.1%
California 4	William W. Morrow	Republican	1884	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y John T. Cutting (Republican) 49.2% ▌Robert Ferral (Democratic) 45.1% ▌Thomas V. Cator (Socialist) 5.6% ▌Joseph Rowell (Prohibition) 0.2%
California 5	Thomas J. Clunie	Democratic	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain.	▌Y Eugene F. Loud (Republican) 52.8% ▌Thomas J. Clunie (Democratic) 45.9% ▌E. F. Howe (Prohibition) 1.3%
California 6	William Vandever	Republican	1886	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y William W. Bowers (Republican) 51.1% ▌W. J. Curtis (Democratic) 44.1% ▌O. R. Dougherty (Prohibition) 4.8%

Colorado

See also: List of United States representatives from Colorado

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Colorado at-large	Hosea Townsend	Republican	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Hosea Townsend (Republican) 51.3% ▌T. J. O'Donnell (Democratic) 41.3% ▌J. D. Burr (Independent) 12.0%[6]

Connecticut

See also: List of United States representatives from Connecticut

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates[7]
Connecticut 1	William E. Simonds	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Lewis Sperry (Democratic) 47.5% ▌William E. Simonds (Republican) 49.7% ▌Frederick G. Platt (Prohibition) 2.7%
Connecticut 2	Washington F. Willcox	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Washington F. Willcox (Democratic) 52.9% ▌Josiah M. Hubbard (Republican) 44.9% ▌Charles F. Whittemore (Prohibition) 2.2%
Connecticut 3	Charles A. Russell	Republican	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Charles A. Russell (Republican) 50.7% ▌David A. Wells (Democratic) 45.9% ▌Herbert J. Crocker (Prohibition) 3.3%
Connecticut 4	Frederick Miles	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Robert E. De Forest (Democratic) 50.2% ▌Frederick Miles (Republican) 47.7% ▌Lyman D. Baldwin (Prohibition) 2.1%

Delaware

See also: List of United States representatives from Delaware

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Delaware at-large	John B. Penington	Democratic	1886	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y John W. Causey (Democratic) 50.6% ▌Henry P. Carmon (Republican) 48.7%[6]

Florida

Main article: 1890 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida

See also: List of United States representatives from Florida

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Florida 1	Robert H. M. Davidson	Democratic	1876	Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold.	▌Y Stephen Mallory II (Democratic) 78.5% ▌Harrison Reed (Republican) 21.5%
Florida 2	Robert Bullock	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Robert Bullock (Democratic) 58.8% ▌Joseph Stripling (Republican) 41.2%

Georgia

See also: List of United States representatives from Georgia

Idaho

See also: List of United States representatives from Idaho

Results by county:

  Sweet

•   50–60%
•   60–70%

  Mayhew

•   50–60%

There were two elections to the new state of Idaho.

51st Congress

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Idaho at-large	New district			New seat. Republican gain.	▌Y Willis Sweet (Republican) 55.80% ▌Alex E. Mayhew (Democratic) 44.20%[8]

52nd Congress

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Idaho at-large	Willis Sweet	Republican	1890	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y James B. Belford (Republican) 55.79% ▌Alex E. Mayhew (Democratic) 44.21%[9]

Illinois

See also: List of United States representatives from Illinois

Indiana

See also: List of United States representatives from Indiana

Iowa

See also: List of United States representatives from Iowa

Kansas

See also: List of United States representatives from Kansas

Kentucky

See also: List of United States representatives from Kentucky

Louisiana

See also: List of United States representatives from Louisiana

Maine

See also: List of United States representatives from Maine

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Maine 1	Thomas B. Reed	Republican	1876	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Thomas B. Reed (Republican) 57.18% ▌Melvin P. Frank (Democratic) 40.75% ▌Timothy B. Hussey (Prohibition) 1.90%
Maine 2	Nelson Dingley Jr.	Republican	1881 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Nelson Dingley Jr. (Republican) 58.03% ▌Charles E. Allen (Democratic) 39.35% ▌William H. Foster (Prohibition) 2.62%
Maine 3	Seth L. Milliken	Republican	1882	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Seth L. Milliken (Republican) 54.67% ▌Charles Baker (Democratic) 41.58% ▌Luther C. Bateman (Union Labor) 3.76%
Maine 4	Charles A. Boutelle	Republican	1882	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Charles A. Boutelle (Republican) 56.49% ▌Josiah Crosby (Democratic) 40.06% ▌Volney B. Cushing (Prohibition) 3.46%

Maryland

See also: List of United States representatives from Maryland

Massachusetts

See also: List of United States representatives from Massachusetts

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Massachusetts 1	Charles S. Randall	Republican	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Charles S. Randall (Republican) 53.76% ▌Charles R. Codman (Democratic) 40.17% ▌John D. Flint (Prohibition) 6.06%
Massachusetts 2	Elijah A. Morse	Republican	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Elijah A. Morse (Republican) 52.26% ▌Bushrod Morse (Democratic) 44.43% ▌Thomas J. Lathrop (Prohibition) 3.31%
Massachusetts 3	John F. Andrew	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John F. Andrew (Democratic) 56.15% ▌Edward L. Pierce (Republican) 41.89% ▌John W. Field (Prohibition) 1.96%
Massachusetts 4	Joseph H. O'Neil	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected	▌Y Joseph H. O'Neil (Democratic) 72.47% ▌Thomas Copeland (Republican) 25.66% ▌George L. Dacy (Prohibition) 1.87%
Massachusetts 5	Nathaniel P. Banks	Republican	1888	Incumbent was not re-nominated. Democratic gain.	▌Y Sherman Hoar (Democratic) 53.00% ▌James A. Fox (Republican) 43.79% ▌James H. Roberts (Prohibition) 3.21%
Massachusetts 6	Henry Cabot Lodge	Republican	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Henry Cabot Lodge (Republican) 50.01% ▌William Everett (Democratic) 46.44% ▌Charles E. Kimball (Prohibition) 3.55%
Massachusetts 7	William Cogswell	Republican	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y William Cogswell (Republican) 51.52% ▌Jonas H. French (Democratic) 44.98% ▌Jacob F. Spalding (Prohibition) 3.50%
Massachusetts 8	Frederic T. Greenhalge	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Moses T. Stevens (Democratic) 49.86% ▌Frederic T. Greenhalge (Republican) 47.93% ▌Nathaniel A. Glidden (Prohibition) 2.20%
Massachusetts 9	John W. Candler	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y George F. Williams (Democratic) 48.47% ▌John W. Candler (Republican) 47.95% ▌Melvin H. Walker (Prohibition) 3.57%
Massachusetts 10	Joseph H. Walker	Republican	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Joseph H. Walker (Republican) 49.44% ▌Charles B. Pratt (Democratic) 46.33% ▌Herbert M. Small (Prohibition) 4.23%
Massachusetts 11	Rodney Wallace	Republican	1888	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y Frederick S. Coolidge (Democratic) 40.00% ▌Timothy G. Spaulding (Republican) 39.36% ▌Myron P. Walker (Ind. Republican) 15.22% ▌Henry C. Smith (Prohibition) 5.42%
Massachusetts 12	Francis W. Rockwell	Republican	1884	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y John C. Crosby (Democratic) 49.02% ▌Francis W. Rockwell (Republican) 47.48% ▌John Bascom (Prohibition) 3.50%

Michigan

See also: List of United States representatives from Michigan

Minnesota

See also: List of United States representatives from Minnesota

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates[10]
Minnesota 1	Mark H. Dunnell	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y William H. Harries (Democratic/FA) 53.6% ▌Mark H. Dunnell (Republican) 46.4%
Minnesota 2	John Lind	Republican	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Lind (Republican) 49.2% ▌James H. Baker (Democratic/FA) 48.0% ▌Ira B. Reynolds (Prohibition) 2.7%
Minnesota 3	Darwin Hall	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Osee M. Hall (Democratic) 50.5% ▌Darwin Hall (Republican) 37.5% ▌William W. Gamble (Farmers' Alliance) 8.8% ▌Charles R. Sheppard (Prohibition) 3.2%
Minnesota 4	Samuel Snider	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y James Castle (Democratic) 51.8% ▌Samuel Snider (Republican) 43.5% ▌William J. Dean (Prohibition) 4.7%
Minnesota 5	Solomon Comstock	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Populist gain.	▌Y Kittel Halvorson (Populist/Proh./FA) 37.7% ▌Solomon Comstock (Republican) 33.9% ▌Alonzo Whiteman (Democratic) 28.4%

Mississippi

See also: List of United States representatives from Mississippi

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Mississippi 1	John M. Allen	Democratic	1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John M. Allen (Democratic) 100%[11]
Mississippi 2	James B. Morgan	Democratic	1884	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y John C. Kyle (Democratic) 67.07% ▌George M. Buchanan (Republican) 32.93%[12]
Mississippi 3	Thomas C. Catchings	Democratic	1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Thomas C. Catchings (Democratic) 75.85% ▌James Hill (Republican) 24.15%[13]
Mississippi 4	Clarke Lewis	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Clarke Lewis (Democratic) 80.52% ▌W. D. Frazee (Republican) 19.48%[14]
Mississippi 5	Chapman L. Anderson	Democratic	1886	Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold.	▌Y Joseph H. Beeman (Democratic) 100%[15]
Mississippi 6	T. R. Stockdale	Democratic	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y T. R. Stockdale (Democratic) 71.25% ▌H. C. Griffin (Republican) 28.75%[16]
Mississippi 7	Charles E. Hooker	Democratic	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Charles E. Hooker (Democratic) 75.60% ▌J. M. Matthews (Republican) 24.40%[17]

Missouri

See also: List of United States representatives from Missouri

Montana

See also: List of United States representatives from Montana

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Montana at-large	Thomas H. Carter	Republican	1889	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y William W. Dixon (Democratic) 49.57% ▌Thomas H. Carter (Republican) 48.66% ▌W. T. Field (Labor) 1.25% ▌Andrew L. Corbly (Prohibition) 0.52%[18]

Nebraska

See also: List of United States representatives from Nebraska

Nebraska's results

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Nebraska 1	William J. Connell	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y William Jennings Bryan (Democratic) 44.49% ▌William J. Connell (Republican) 35.26% ▌Allen Root (Populist) 17.95% ▌E. H. Chapin (Prohibition) 2.30%[19]
Nebraska 2	Gilbert L. Laws	Republican	1889 (special)	Incumbent retired. Populist gain.	▌Y William A. McKeighan (Populist) 61.09% ▌N. V. Harlan (Republican) 36.85% ▌L. B. Palmer (Prohibition) 2.06%[20]
Nebraska 3	George W. E. Dorsey	Republican	1884	Incumbent lost re-election. Populist gain.	▌Y Omer M. Kem (Populist) 39.98% ▌George W. E. Dorsey (Republican) 31.95% ▌William H. Thompson (Democratic) 28.07%[21]

Nevada

See also: List of United States representatives from Nevada

New Hampshire

See also: List of United States representatives from New Hampshire

New Jersey

See also: List of United States representatives from New Jersey

New York

See also: List of United States representatives from New York

North Carolina

See also: List of United States representatives from North Carolina

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
North Carolina 1	Thomas G. Skinner	Democratic	1883 (special) 1886 (retired) 1888	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y William A. B. Branch (Democratic) 56.23% ▌Claude M. Bernard (Republican) 43.39% ▌Decatur W. Jarvis (Prohibition) 0.38%
North Carolina 2	Henry P. Cheatham	Republican	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Henry P. Cheatham (Republican) 51.66% ▌James M. Mewborne (Democratic) 47.91%
North Carolina 3	Charles W. McClammy	Democratic	1886	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Benjamin F. Grady (Democratic) 66.98% ▌George C. Scurlock (Republican) 32.97%
North Carolina 4	Benjamin H. Bunn	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Benjamin H. Bunn (Democratic) 59.80% ▌Alexander McIver (Republican) 39.09% ▌James M. Templeton (Prohibition) 1.09%
North Carolina 5	John M. Brower	Republican	1886	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y A. H. A. Williams (Democratic) 52.55% ▌John M. Brower (Republican) 46.24% Others ▌Charles H. Ireland (Prohibition) 0.64% ▌Charles H. Moore (Ind. Republican) 0.56%
North Carolina 6	Alfred Rowland	Democratic	1886	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Sydenham B. Alexander (Democratic) 66.62% ▌Richard M. Norment (Republican) 33.37%
North Carolina 7	John S. Henderson	Democratic	1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John S. Henderson (Democratic) 57.41% ▌Pleasant C. Thomas (Republican) 40.22% ▌Thomas M. George (Prohibition) 2.34%
North Carolina 8	William H. H. Cowles	Democratic	1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y William H. H. Cowles (Democratic) 53.67% ▌Edward W. Faucette (Republican) 45.36% ▌Samuel M. McCall (Independent) 0.94%
North Carolina 9	Hamilton G. Ewart	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y William T. Crawford (Democratic) 51.83% ▌Hamilton G. Ewart (Republican) 48.17%

North Dakota

See also: List of United States representatives from North Dakota

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
North Dakota at-large	Henry C. Hansbrough	Republican	1889	Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold.	▌Y Martin N. Johnson (Republican) 59.03% ▌John D. Benton (Democratic) 40.97%[22]

Ohio

See also: List of United States representatives from Ohio

The Ohio Legislature redistricted the state between censuses. Coupled with other Democratic gains, this redistricting gave the Democrats a nine-seat net gain.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates[23]
Ohio 1	Benjamin Butterworth	Republican	1884	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Bellamy Storer (Republican) 53.7% ▌Otway Cosgrove (Democratic) 46.3%
Ohio 2	John A. Caldwell	Republican	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John A. Caldwell (Republican) 60.6% ▌Alexander Long (Democratic) 39.4%
Ohio 3	Elihu S. Williams	Republican	1886	Incumbent retired. Republican loss.	▌Y George W. Houk (Democratic) 53.3% ▌Henry Lee Morey (Republican) 46.7%
	Henry Lee Morey Redistricted from the 7th district	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.
Ohio 4	Samuel S. Yoder	Democratic	1886	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Martin K. Gantz (Democratic) 51.8% ▌William P. Orr (Republican) 48.2%
Ohio 5	George E. Seney	Democratic	1886	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Fernando C. Layton (Democratic) 55.8% ▌Lawrence W. Stroup (Republican) 44.2%
Ohio 6	Melvin M. Boothman	Republican	1886	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y Dennis D. Donovan (Democratic) 52.4% ▌Joseph H. Brigham (Republican) 47.6%
Ohio 7	William E. Haynes Redistricted from the 10th district	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y William E. Haynes (Democratic) 51.6% ▌James M. Ashley (Republican) 48.4%
Ohio 8	Robert P. Kennedy	Republican	1886	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y Darius D. Hare (Democratic) 50.3% ▌Charles Foster (Republican) 49.7%
Ohio 9	William C. Cooper	Republican	1884	Incumbent retired. Republican loss.	▌Y Joseph H. Outhwaite (Democratic) 54.1% ▌Thomas B. Wilson (Republican) 45.9%
	Joseph H. Outhwaite Redistricted from the 13th district	Democratic	1884	Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 10	None (new district)			New district. Republican gain.	▌Y Robert E. Doan (Republican) 54.4% ▌John Quincy Smith (Democratic) 45.6%
Ohio 11	Albert C. Thompson	Republican	1886	Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic gain.	▌Y John M. Pattison (Democratic) 55.0% ▌DeWitt Clinton Loudon (Republican) 45.0%
Ohio 12	Jacob J. Pugsley	Republican	1886	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y William H. Enochs (Republican) 63.2% ▌Ezra V. Dean (Democratic) 36.8%
Ohio 13	None (new district)			New district. Democratic gain.	▌Y James I. Dungan (Democratic) 52.4% ▌William T. Lewis (Republican) 47.6%
Ohio 14	Charles Preston Wickham	Republican	1886	Incumbent retired. Republican loss.	▌Y James W. Owens (Democratic) 54.9% ▌Samuel Slade (Republican) 45.1%
	James W. Owens Redistricted from the 16th district	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 15	Charles H. Grosvenor	Republican	1886	Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic gain.	▌Y Michael D. Harter (Democratic) 55.2% ▌George L. Sackett (Republican) 44.8%
Ohio 16	William McKinley Redistricted from the 18th district	Republican	1886	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y John G. Warwick (Democratic) 50.4% ▌William McKinley (Republican) 49.6%
Ohio 17	None (new district)			New district. Democratic gain.	▌Y Albert J. Pearson (Democratic) 51.2% ▌Christian L. Poorman (Republican) 58.8%
Ohio 18	Joseph D. Taylor Redistricted from the 17th district	Republican	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Joseph D. Taylor (Republican) 59.1% ▌Henry H. McFadden (Democratic) 40.9%
Ohio 19	Ezra B. Taylor	Republican	1880	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ezra B. Taylor (Republican) 61.9% ▌Thomas E. Hoyt (Democratic) 38.1%
Ohio 20	Martin L. Smyser	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold.	▌Y Vincent A. Taylor (Republican) 60.6% ▌Harlan L. Stewart (Democratic) 39.4%
Ohio 21	Theodore E. Burton	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Tom L. Johnson (Democratic) 55.3% ▌Theodore E. Burton (Republican) 44.7%

Oregon

See also: List of United States representatives from Oregon

Pennsylvania

See also: List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

See also: List of United States representatives from Rhode Island

South Carolina

Main article: 1890 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina

See also: List of United States representatives from South Carolina

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
South Carolina 1	Samuel Dibble	Democratic	1882	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y William H. Brawley (Democratic) 84.2% ▌William D. Crum (Republican) 15.7% Others 0.1%
South Carolina 2	George D. Tillman	Democratic	1878	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y George D. Tillman (Democratic) 85.5% ▌Seymour E. Smith (Republican) 14.3% Others 0.2%
South Carolina 3	James S. Cothran	Democratic	1886	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y George Johnstone (Democratic) 91.4% ▌John R. Tolbert (Republican) 8.2% Others 0.4%
South Carolina 4	William H. Perry	Democratic	1884	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y George W. Shell (Democratic) 81.9% ▌J. F. Ensor (Republican) 17.8% Others 0.3%
South Carolina 5	John J. Hemphill	Democratic	1882	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John J. Hemphill (Democratic) 87.1% ▌G. G. Alexander (Republican) 12.2% Others 0.7%
South Carolina 6	George W. Dargan	Democratic	1882	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Eli T. Stackhouse (Democratic) 78.8% ▌Edmund H. Deas (Republican) 20.5% Others 0.7%
South Carolina 7	Thomas E. Miller	Republican	1888[d]	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y William Elliott (Democratic) 44.4% ▌Thomas E. Miller (Republican) 38.8% ▌E. M. Brayton (Ind. Republican) 16.5% Others 0.3%

South Dakota

See also: List of United States representatives from South Dakota

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
South Dakota at-large 2 seats on a general ticket	John Pickler	Republican	1889	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Pickler (Republican) 22.65% ▌Y John R. Gamble (Republican) 22.45% ▌F. A. Leavitt (Independent) 16.18% ▌Fred Zipp (Independent) 16.12% ▌F. A. Clark (Democratic) 11.39% ▌W. Y. Quigley (Democratic) 11.22%[24]
	Oscar S. Gifford	Republican	1889	Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold.

Tennessee

See also: List of United States representatives from Tennessee

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Tennessee 1	Alfred A. Taylor	Republican	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Alfred A. Taylor (Republican) 48.98% ▌Roderick R. Butler (Ind. Republican) 45.79% ▌A. J. Buenner (Prohibition) 4.54% ▌P. M. Kiser (Ind. Democratic) 0.69%[25]
Tennessee 2	Leonidas C. Houk	Republican	1878	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Leonidas C. Houk (Republican) 60.13% ▌J. C. Williams (Democratic) 34.75% ▌S. W. Williams (Democratic) 3.43% ▌W. C. Murphy (Prohibition) 1.70%[26]
Tennessee 3	H. Clay Evans	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Henry C. Snodgrass (Democratic) 50.25% ▌H. Clay Evans (Republican) 48.35% ▌J. E. Rogers (Prohibition) 1.40%[27]
Tennessee 4	Benton McMillin	Democratic	1878	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Benton McMillin (Democratic) 64.03% ▌C. W. Garrett (Republican) 33.66% ▌J. R. Goodpasture (Prohibition) 2.31%[28]
Tennessee 5	James D. Richardson	Democratic	1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y James D. Richardson (Democratic) 69.02% ▌P. C. Smithsen (Republican) 23.24% ▌H. R. Moore (Prohibition) 6.93% ▌P. C. Isbell (Independent) 0.82%[29]
Tennessee 6	Joseph E. Washington	Democratic	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Joseph E. Washington (Democratic) 74.40% ▌Samuel M. Watson (Republican) 17.29% ▌W. D. Turnley (Prohibition) 8.31%[30]
Tennessee 7	Washington C. Whitthorne	Democratic	1886	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Nicholas N. Cox (Democratic) 60.86% ▌A. M. Hughes (Republican) 31.51% ▌John Graham (Prohibition) 7.63%[31]
Tennessee 8	Benjamin A. Enloe	Democratic	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Benjamin A. Enloe (Democratic) 64.07% ▌J. R. McKinney (Republican) 23.01% ▌George McCall (Republican) 7.41% ▌James T. Warren (Prohibition) 5.51%[32]
Tennessee 9	Rice A. Pierce	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rice A. Pierce (Democratic) 70.64% ▌W. F. Poston (Republican) 22.94% ▌J. B. Cummings (Prohibition) 6.43%[33]
Tennessee 10	James Phelan Jr.	Democratic	1886	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Josiah Patterson (Democratic) 74.95% ▌L. B. Eaton (Republican) 24.38%[34] Others ▌G. H. McClowan (Prohibition) 0.33% ▌W. A. Ealey (Unknown) 0.20% ▌J. W. Ewing (Unknown) 0.15%

Texas

See also: List of United States representatives from Texas

Utah

See Non-voting delegates below.

Vermont

See also: List of United States representatives from Vermont

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates[6]
Vermont 1	John W. Stewart	Republican	1882	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y H. Henry Powers (Republican) 66.5% ▌Thomas W. Moloney (Democratic) 33.4%
Vermont 2	William W. Grout	Republican	1880 1882 (lost) 1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y William W. Grout (Republican) 66.8% ▌Stephen C. Shurtleff (Democratic) 33.1%

Virginia

See also: List of United States representatives from Virginia

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates[6]
Virginia 1	Thomas H. B. Browne	Republican	1886	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y William A. Jones (Democratic) 54.3% ▌Thomas H. B. Browne (Republican) 45.2%
Virginia 2	George E. Bowden	Republican	1886	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y John W. Lawson (Democratic) 50.7% ▌George E. Bowden (Republican) 46.3%
Virginia 3	Edmund Waddill Jr.	Republican	1888	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y George D. Wise (Democratic) 99.9%
Virginia 4	John M. Langston	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y James F. Epes (Democratic) 57.1% ▌John M. Langston (Republican) 42.8%
Virginia 5	Posey G. Lester	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Posey G. Lester (Democratic) 82.0% ▌S. C. Adams (Independent) 10.6% ▌J. Ring (Independent) 7.4%
Virginia 6	Paul C. Edmunds	Democratic	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Paul C. Edmunds (Democratic) 92.6% ▌William J. Shelburne (Prohibition) 7.2%
Virginia 7	Charles T. O'Ferrall	Democratic	1884	Incumbent re-elected	▌Y Charles T. O'Ferrall (Democratic) 89.0% ▌I. M. Underwood (Prohibition) 10.7%
Virginia 8	W. H. F. Lee	Democratic	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y W. H. F. Lee (Democratic) 57.0% ▌Frank Hume (Ind. Democratic) 43.0%
Virginia 9	John A. Buchanan	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John A. Buchanan (Democratic) 56.1% ▌George T. Mills (Republican) 43.9%
Virginia 10	Henry St. George Tucker	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected	▌Y Henry St. George Tucker (Democratic) 94.6% ▌A. J. Taylor (Independent) 5.2%

Washington

See also: List of United States representatives from Washington

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Washington at-large	John L. Wilson	Republican	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John L. Wilson (Republican) 56.0% ▌Thomas Carroll (Democratic) 44.0%[6]

West Virginia

See also: List of United States representatives from West Virginia

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
West Virginia 1	George W. Atkinson	Republican	1888	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y John O. Pendleton (Democratic) 49.62% ▌William P. Hubbard (Republican) 49.03% ▌Francis M. Lynch (Prohibition) 1.16% ▌C. H. Davis (Union Labor) 0.20%[35]
West Virginia 2	William L. Wilson	Democratic	1882	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y William L. Wilson (Democratic) 51.20% ▌George Hourian (Republican) 48.39%[36] Others ▌Aaron Baker (Prohibition) 0.36% ▌John M. Hancock (Union Labor) 0.05%
West Virginia 3	John D. Alderson	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John D. Alderson (Democratic) 56.06% ▌Theophilus Gaines (Republican) 43.29% ▌J. E. Middleton (Prohibition) 0.65%[37]
West Virginia 4	Charles B. Smith	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y James Capehart (Democratic) 51.09% ▌Charles B. Smith (Republican) 48.40% ▌M. S. Hall (Prohibition) 0.52%[38]

Wisconsin

See also: List of United States representatives from Wisconsin

Wisconsin elected nine members of congress on Election Day, November 4, 1890.^[39][40]

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Wisconsin 1	Lucien B. Caswell	Republican	1884	Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic gain.	▌Y Clinton Babbitt (Democratic) 48.3% ▌Henry Allen Cooper (Republican) 47.3% ▌Stephen Faville (Prohibition) 4.4%
Wisconsin 2	Charles Barwig	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Charles Barwig (Democratic) 65.8% ▌D. C. Van Brunt (Republican) 34.2%
Wisconsin 3	Robert M. La Follette	Republican	1884	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Allen R. Bushnell (Democratic) 49.2% ▌Robert M. La Follette (Republican) 46.2% ▌Marion Ames (Prohibition) 4.7%
Wisconsin 4	Isaac W. Van Schaick	Republican	1888	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌Y John L. Mitchell (Democratic) 56.0% ▌Robert C. Spencer (Republican) 40.0% ▌Robert C. Schilling (Union Labor) 3.6% ▌Charles E. Reed (Prohibition) 0.3%
Wisconsin 5	George H. Brickner	Democratic	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y George H. Brickner (Democratic) 67.2% ▌Thomas M. Blackstock (Republican) 30.7% ▌George McKenney (Prohibition) 2.1%
Wisconsin 6	Charles B. Clark	Republican	1886	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Lucas M. Miller (Democratic) 51.7% ▌Charles B. Clark (Republican) 44.5% ▌George W. Gates (Prohibition) 3.8%
Wisconsin 7	Ormsby B. Thomas	Republican	1884	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Frank P. Coburn (Democratic) 50.8% ▌Ormsby B. Thomas (Republican) 44.2% ▌Sylvanus Holmes (Prohibition) 4.9%
Wisconsin 8	Nils P. Haugen	Republican	1887	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Nils P. Haugen (Republican) 49.2% ▌William F. Bailey (Democratic) 42.7% ▌W. C. Jones (Prohibition) 8.1%
Wisconsin 9	Myron H. McCord	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Thomas Lynch (Democratic) 54.4% ▌Myron H. McCord (Republican) 42.6% ▌J. H. Vrooman (Prohibition) 2.9% ▌George Wilbur Peck (Write-in) 0.1%

Wyoming

Main article: 1890 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming

See also: List of United States representatives from Wyoming

Republican Clarence D. Clark was elected over Democrat George T. Beck in a single ballot both to finish the current term (ending 1891) and the next term (beginning 1891).^[41]

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Wyoming at-large	Vacant (new seat)			Republican gain.	▌Y Clarence D. Clark (Republican) 58.22% ▌George T. Beck (Democratic) 41.78%[41]

Non-voting delegates

See also: Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives

51st Congress

District	Incumbent			This race
	Delegate	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Oklahoma Territory at-large	New seat			New seat. New delegate elected to finish the current term. Republican gain.	▌Y David Archibald Harvey (Republican)[42] [data missing]

52nd Congress

District	Incumbent			This race
	Delegate	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Arizona Territory at-large
New Mexico Territory at-large
Oklahoma Territory at-large	New seat			New seat. New delegate elected to the next term. Republican gain.	▌Y David Archibald Harvey (Republican)[43] [data missing]
Utah Territory at-large	John T. Caine	Populist	1882	Incumbent re-elected	▌Y John T. Caine (Populist)[44] [data missing]

See also

• 1890 United States elections
  • 1890–91 United States Senate elections
• 51st United States Congress
• 52nd United States Congress

Notes

1. Dubin (pp. 293–94) counts 235 Democrats, 88 Republicans, and 8 Populists at the opening of the 52nd Congress.
2. One Labor Party member had been elected in 1888.
3. Elections held early.
4. After disputed election.

References

1. Martis, p. 144–145.
2. Jensen, Richard J. (1971). "5: The Winning of the Midwest: Social and Political Conflict, 1888-1896". Education, the Tariff, and the Melting Pot. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 122–153. ISBN 9780226398259.
3. Jensen, p. ch. 4: Iowa, Wet or Dry?. pp. 89-121.
4. "Our Campaigns - KY - District 06 Special Election Race - Jun 21, 1890". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved July 14, 2020.
5. Martis.
6. Kalb, Deborah, ed. (2010). Guide to U.S. Elections. Washington, DC: CQ Press. pp. 1086–1089. ISBN 978-1-60426-536-1.
7. "State of Connecticut Elections Database » Search Past Election Results". State of Connecticut Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-10-09.
8. "ID At Large - Initial Election". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
9. "ID - At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
10. University of Minnesota Libraries. "Minnesota Historical Election Archive". Minnesota Historical Election Archive. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
11. "MS - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
12. "MS - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
13. "MS - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
14. "MS - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
15. "MS - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
16. "MS - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
17. "MS - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
18. "MT - At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
19. "Our Campaigns - NE - District 01 Race - Nov 4, 1890". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
20. "Our Campaigns - NE - District 02 Race - Nov 4, 1890". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
21. "Our Campaigns - NE - District 03 Race - Nov 4, 1890". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
22. "ND At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 6 April 2021.
23. Smith, Joseph P, ed. (1898). History of the Republican Party in Ohio. Vol. I. Chicago: the Lewis Publishing Company. pp. 592, 593.
24. "SD At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
25. "TN - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
26. "TN - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
27. "TN - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
28. "TN - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
29. "TN - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
30. "TN - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
31. "TN - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
32. "TN - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
33. "TN - District 09". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
34. "TN - District 10". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
35. "WV District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
36. "WV District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
37. "WV District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
38. "WV District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
39. "Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results" (PDF). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2021 – via Wayback Machine.
40. Cunningham, Thomas J., ed. (1891). "Biographical" (PDF). The Blue Book of the State of Wisconsin (Report). Madison, Wisconsin: State of Wisconsin. pp. 572–574. Retrieved November 21, 2021.
41. "Our Campaigns - WY At-Large Race - Sep 11, 1890". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2020-12-29.
42. "Our Campaigns - OK Territorial Delegate - Initial Election Race - Nov 04, 1890".
43. "Our Campaigns - OK Territorial Delegate Race - Nov 04, 1890".
44. "CAINE, John Thomas (1829-1911)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved May 19, 2022.

Bibliography

• Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
• Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
• "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

External links

• Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)