16th Lok Sabha

Members of the 16th Lok Sabha were elected during the 2014 Indian general election. The elections were conducted in 9 phases from 7 April 2014 to 12 May 2014 by the Election Commission of India.^[1] The results of the election were declared on 16 May 2014.

16th Lok Sabha
← 15th Lok Sabha 17th Lok Sabha →
Old Parliament House, Sansad Marg, New Delhi, India
Overview
Legislative body	Indian Parliament
Term	4 June 2014 - 24 May 2019
Election	2014 Indian general election
Government	First Modi ministry
Sovereign
President	Pranab Mukherjee Ram Nath Kovind
Vice President	Hamid Ansari M. Venkaiah Naidu
House of the People
Members	543
Speaker of the House	Sumitra Mahajan
Leader of the House	Narendra Modi
Prime Minister	Narendra Modi
Leader of the Opposition	Vacant[a]
Party control	National Democratic Alliance

The Bharatiya Janata Party (of the NDA) achieved an absolute majority with 282 seats out of 543, 166 seats more than in the previous 15th Lok Sabha. Its PM candidate Narendra Modi took office on 26 May 2014 as the 14th prime minister of India. The first session was convened from 4 to 11 June 2014.^[2]

There was no leader of the opposition in the 16th Lok Sabha as the Indian Parliament rules state that a party in the Lok Sabha must have at least 10% (55) of the total seats (545) to be considered the opposition party. The Indian National Congress (of the UPA) could only manage 44 seats, while the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party from Tamil Nadu came a close third with 37 seats. Mallikarjun Kharge was declared the leader of the Indian National Congress in the Lok Sabha.^[3]

Five sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 16th Lok Sabha after the 2014 Indian general election.^[4]

The pro-tem Speaker Kamal Nath was administered oath on 4 June 2014^[5] & presided over the election of the Speaker of the Lok Sabha. Sumitra Mahajan was elected as its Speaker on 6 June 2014^[6] and would remain in office until the day before the first sitting of the 17th Lok Sabha.^[7] M Thambidurai was elected as Deputy Speaker on 13 August 2014.^[8]

Members

Main article: List of members of the 16th Lok Sabha

Seat distribution in the 16th Lok Sabha

• Speaker: Sumitra Mahajan, BJP
• Deputy Speaker: M. Thambidurai, AIADMK
• Secretary-General: Snehlata Shrivastava
• Leader of the House: Narendra Modi, BJP
• Leader of the Opposition: Vacant, as no opposition party received more than 10% of the total seats.

Party-wise Distribution of Seats

Following 36 political parties were represented in 16th Lok Sabha:^[9]

Party		Abbr.	Seats	Leader in Lok Sabha
	Bharatiya Janata Party	BJP	282	Narendra Modi
	Indian National Congress	INC	44	Mallikarjun Kharge[10]
	All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	AIADMK	37	Ponnusamy Venugopal[11]
	All India Trinamool Congress	AITC	33	Sudip Bandyopadhyay[12]
	Biju Janata Dal	BJD	18	Bhartruhari Mahtab
	Shiv Sena	SS	18	Anant Geete[13]
	Telugu Desam Party	TDP	15	Thota Narasimham[14]
	Telangana Rashtra Samithi	TRS	10	A. P. Jithender Reddy[15]
	Communist Party of India (Marxist)	CPI(M)	9	P. Karunakaran
	Samajwadi Party	SP	7	Mulayam Singh Yadav
	Lok Janshakti Party	LJP	6	Ram Vilas Paswan[16]
	Nationalist Congress Party	NCP	6	Supriya Sule
	Aam Aadmi Party	AAP	4	Bhagwant Mann[17]
	Rashtriya Janata Dal	RJD	4	Jay Prakash Narayan Yadav
	Shiromani Akali Dal	SAD	4	Ranjit Singh Brahmpura
	YSR Congress Party	YSRCP	8	Mekapati Rajamohan Reddy
	All India United Democratic Front	AIUDF	3	Badruddin Ajmal
	Independents	IND	3	-
	Rashtriya Lok Samta Party	RLSP	3	Upendra Kushwaha
	Apna Dal	AD	2	Anupriya Patel
	Indian National Lok Dal	INLD	2	Charanjeet Singh Rori
	Indian Union Muslim League	IUML	2	E. T. Mohammed Basheer
	Janata Dal (Secular)	JD(S)	2	H. D. Deve Gowda
	Janata Dal (United)	JD(U)	2	Kaushalendra Kumar
	Jharkhand Mukti Morcha	JMM	2	Shibu Soren
	All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen	AIMIM	1	Asaduddin Owaisi
	All India N.R. Congress	AINRC	1	R. Radhakrishnan
	Communist Party of India	CPI	1	C. N. Jayadevan
	Jammu & Kashmir National Conference	JKNC	1	Farooq Abdullah
	Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party	JKPDP	1	Muzaffar Hussain Baig
	Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party	NDPP	1	Tokheho Yepthomi
	Pattali Makkal Katchi	PMK	1	Anbumani Ramadoss
	Rashtriya Lok Dal	RLD	1	Begum Tabassum Hasan
	Revolutionary Socialist Party	RSP	1	N. K. Premachandran
	Sikkim Democratic Front	SDF	1	Prem Das Rai
	Swabhimani Paksha	SWP	1	Raju Shetti
	Nominated Anglo-Indians (Bharatiya Janata Party)	NOM	2	Richard Hay and George Baker
	Vacant		26 [18] (Anantnag, Ongole, Kadapa, Nellore, Tirupati, Rajampet, Kottayam, Kendrapara, Tura, Katihar, Begusarai, Bangalore South, Wayanad, Kishanganj, Ladakh, Malkajgiri, Peddapalle, Chhindwara, Durg, Khajuraho, Dewas, Ajmer, Dausa, Aska, Viluppuram and Jadavpur)

Criminal background

Case-wise distribution of the 542 members of the 16th Lok Sabha.^[19]

1. With serious criminal cases 33.68 (29.8%)
2. With non-serious criminal cases 13.47 (11.9%)
3. Without any criminal cases 66 (58.3%)

About one-third of all winners had at least one pending criminal case against them, with some having serious criminal cases.^[20]

^* Criteria for "serious" criminal cases:^[19]

1. Offence for which maximum punishment is of 5 years or more.
2. If an offense is non-bailable.
3. If it is an electoral offense (e.g. IPC 171E or bribery).
4. Offence related to loss to the exchequer.
5. Offences that are assault, murder, kidnap, rape-related.
6. Offences that are mentioned in the Representation of the People Act (Section 8).
7. Offences under the Prevention of Corruption Act.
8. Crimes against women.

Compared to the 15th Lok Sabha, there was an increase of members with criminal cases. In 2009, 158 (30%) of the 521 members analysed had criminal cases, of which 77 (15%) had serious criminal cases.^[19][21]

Financial background

Asset-wise distribution of the 543 members in the 16th Lok Sabha.^[19]

1. Assets > ₹10 crore (US$1.2 million) (24.35%)
2. Assets between ₹5 crore (US$590,000) and ₹10 crore (US$1.2 million) (12.92%)
3. Assets between ₹1 crore (US$120,000) and ₹5 crore (US$590,000) (44.46%)
4. Assets < ₹1 crore (US$120,000) (18.27%)

As of May 2014, out of the 542 members analysed, 443 (82%) are having assets of ₹1 crore (US$120,000) or more. In the 15th Lok Sabha, out of 521 members analysed, 300 (58%) members had assets of ₹1 crore (US$120,000) or more.^[19]

The average assets per member are ₹14.7 crore (US$1.7 million) (in 2009, this figure was ₹5.35 crore (US$630,000)).

Political party	No. of members	Average assets per member[19]
BJP	281	₹11.5 crore (US$1.4 million)
INC	44	₹13.2 crore (US$1.6 million)
AIADMK	37	₹6.4 crore (US$760,000)
AITC	34	₹2.5 crore (US$300,000)
Others	146	₹25.0 crore (US$3.0 million)
Total	542 (Excluding Speaker)	₹14.7 crore (US$1.7 million)

Age

Age-wise distribution of the 542 members in the 16th Lok Sabha as of 16 May 2018^[22]

Age Group	No. of members
Age> 80	8
Age between 71 and 80	53
Age between 61 and 70	161
Age between 51 and 60	164
Age between 41 and 50	103
Age <= 40	46

A graph of % of bills referred to Parliamentary committees

Membership by party

Main article: List of members of the 16th Lok Sabha

No. of Lok Sabha MP's partywise :
(As on 23 May 2019)

Alliance		Party		No. of MPs	Leader of the Party
	National Democratic Alliance Seats: 353		BJP	282	Narendra Modi
			AIADMK	37	P. Venugopal
			SS	18	Vinayak Raut
			SAD	4	Harsimrat Kaur Badal
			JD(U)	2	Kaushalendra Kumar
			LJP	6	Ram Vilas Paswan
			AD(S)	2	Anupriya Patel
			NDPP	1	T.Yepthomi
			SDF	1	Prem Das Rai
	Independent	3
	United Progressive Alliance Seats: 78		INC	44	Mallikarjun Kharge
			TDP	17	K Ram Mohan Naidu
			NCP	5	Supriya Sule
			JKNC	3	Farooq Abdullah
			IUML	3	E. T. Mohammed Basheer
			JD(S)	2	H. D. Deve Gowda
			JMM	2	Shibu Soren
			RSP	1	Premchandran
	Opposition - Others Seats: 116
			AITC	34	Sudip Bandyopadhyay
			YSRCP	8	Midhun Reddy
			BJD	21	Pinaki Misra
			BRS	11	Nageswara Rao
			SP	5	Mulayam Yadav
			CPI(M)	9
			CPI	1
			AIMIM	2	A. Owaisi
			AAP	4	Bhagwant Mann

Bills

During the tenure of the 16th Lok Sabha, 21% of bills were referred to Parliamentary committees for examination^[23][24]

Subsequent by-elections and vacancies

State	Constituency	Name of elected M.P.	Party affiliation
Andhra Pradesh	Ongole	Y. V. Subba Reddy (resigned on 20 June 2018)		YSR Congress Party
		Vacant
	Kadapa	Y. S. Avinash Reddy (resigned on 20 June 2018)		YSR Congress Party
		Vacant
	Nellore	Mekapati Rajamohan Reddy (resigned on 20 June 2018)		YSR Congress Party
		Vacant
	Tirupati	Varaprasad Rao Velagapalli (resigned on 20 June 2018)		YSR Congress Party
		Vacant
	Rajampet	P. V. Midhun Reddy (resigned on 20 June 2018)		YSR Congress Party
		Vacant
Assam	Lakhimpur	Sarbananda Sonowal (resigned on 23 May 2016)		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Pradan Baruah (elected on 22 November 2016)		Bharatiya Janata Party
Bihar	Araria	Mohammed Taslimuddin (died on 17 September 2017)[25]		Rashtriya Janata Dal
		Sarfaraz Alam (elected on 14 March 2018)		Rashtriya Janata Dal
	Kishanganj	Mohammad Asrarul Haque (died on 7 December 2018)		Indian National Congress
		Vacant
	Katihar	Tariq Anwar (resigned on 28 September 2018)		Nationalist Congress Party
		Vacant
	Begusarai	Bhola Singh (died on 19 October 2018)		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Vacant
Chhattisgarh	Durg	Tamradhwaj Sahu (resigned on 21 December 2018)		Indian National Congress
		Vacant
Gujarat	Vadodara	Narendra Modi (resigned on 29 May 2014)[26]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Ranjanben Bhatt (elected on 16 September 2014)		Bharatiya Janata Party
Jammu and Kashmir	Srinagar	Tariq Hameed Karra (resigned on 18 October 2016)		Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party
		Farooq Abdullah (elected on 15 April 2017)		Jammu & Kashmir National Conference
	Anantnag	Mehbooba Mufti (resigned on 4 July 2016)		Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party
		Vacant
	Ladakh	Thupstan Chhewang (resigned on 13 December 2018)		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Vacant
Karnataka	Bellary	B. Sriramulu (resigned on 18 May 2018)[27]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		V. S. Ugrappa (elected on 6 November 2018)		Indian National Congress
	Shimoga	B. S. Yeddyurappa (resigned on 18 May 2018)[27]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		B. Y. Raghavendra (elected on 6 November 2018)		Bharatiya Janata Party
	Mandya	C. S. Puttaraju (resigned on 21 May 2018)[27]		Janata Dal
		L. R. Shivarame Gowda (elected on 6 November 2018)		Janata Dal
	Bangalore South	Ananth Kumar (died on 12 November 2018)		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Vacant
Kerala	Wayanad	M. I. Shanavas (died on 21 November 2018)		Indian National Congress
		Vacant
	Malappuram	E. Ahamed (died on 1 February 2017)		Indian Union Muslim League
		P. K. Kunhalikutty (elected on 17 April 2017)		Indian Union Muslim League
	Kottayam	Jose K. Mani (ceased on 14 June 2018)		Kerala Congress
		Vacant
Madhya Pradesh	Khajuraho	Nagendra Singh (resigned on 21 December 2018)		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Vacant
	Shahdol	Dalpat Singh Paraste (died on 1 June 2016)		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Gyan Singh (elected on 22 November 2016)		Bharatiya Janata Party
	Chhindwara	Kamal Nath (resigned on 17 December 2018)		Indian National Congress
		Vacant
	Dewas	Manohar Untwal (resigned on 21 December 2018)		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Vacant
	Ratlam	Dileep Singh Bhuria (died on 24 June 2015)[28]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Kantilal Bhuria (elected on 24 November 2015)[29]		Indian National Congress
Maharashtra	Bhandara–Gondiya	Nanabhau Patole (resigned on 8 December 2017)[30]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Madhukar Kukde (elected on 31 May 2018)		Nationalist Congress Party
	Palghar	Chintaman Wanaga (died on 30 January 2018)[31]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Rajendra Gavit (elected on 31 May 2018)		Bharatiya Janata Party
	Beed	Gopinath Munde (died on 3 June 2014)[32]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Pritam Munde (elected on 19 October 2014)		Bharatiya Janata Party
Meghalaya	Tura	P. A. Sangma (died on 4 March 2016)[33]		National People's Party
		Conrad Sangma[34] (elected on 19 May 2016 and resigned on 4 September 2018)		National People's Party
		Vacant
Nagaland	Nagaland	Neiphiu Rio (resigned on 22 February 2018)		Naga People's Front
		Tokheho Yepthomi (elected on 31 May 2018)		Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party
Odisha	Kandhamal	Hemendra Chandra Singh (died on 5 September 2014)[35]		Biju Janata Dal
		Pratyusha Rajeshwari Singh (elected on 19 October 2015)		Biju Janata Dal
	Kendrapara	Baijayant Panda (resigned on 18 July 2018)		Biju Janata Dal
		Vacant
	Aska	Ladu Kishore Swain (died on 6 February 2019)		Biju Janata Dal
		Vacant
Punjab	Gurdaspur	Vinod Khanna (died on 27 April 2017)[36]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Sunil Jakhar (elected on 15 October 2017)[37]		Indian National Congress
	Amritsar	Amarinder Singh (resigned on 23 November 2016)[38]		Indian National Congress
		Gurjeet Singh Aujla (elected on 11 March 2017)[39]		Indian National Congress
Rajasthan	Alwar	Chand Nath (died on 17 September 2017)[40]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Karan Singh Yadav (elected on 1 February 2018)		Indian National Congress
	Dausa	Harish Meena (resigned on 24 December 2018)		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Vacant
	Ajmer	Sanwar Lal Jat (died on 9 August 2017)[41]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Raghu Sharma (elected on 1 February 2018 and resigned on 21 December 2018)		Indian National Congress
		Vacant
Tamil Nadu	Viluppuram	S. Rajendran (died on 23 February 2019)		All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
		Vacant
Telangana	Peddapalle	Balka Suman (resigned on 17 December 2018)		Telangana Rashtra Samithi
		Vacant
	Medak	K. Chandrashekar Rao (resigned on 27 May 2014)		Telangana Rashtra Samithi
		Kotha Prabhakar Reddy (elected on 16 September 2014)		Telangana Rashtra Samithi
	Malkajgiri	Malla Reddy (resigned on 14 December 2018)		Telugu Desam Party
		Vacant
	Warangal	Kadiyam Srihari (resigned on 11 June 2015)		Telangana Rashtra Samithi
		Pasunuri Dayakar (elected on 24 November 2015)[42]		Telangana Rashtra Samithi
Uttar Pradesh	Kairana	Hukum Singh (died on 3 February 2018)[43]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Begum Tabassum Hasan (elected on 31 May 2018)		Rashtriya Lok Dal
	Mainpuri	Mulayam Singh Yadav (resigned on 29 May 2014)[44]		Samajwadi Party
		Tej Pratap Singh Yadav (elected on 16 September 2014)		Samajwadi Party
	Phulpur	Keshav Prasad Maurya (resigned on 21 September 2017)[45]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Nagendra Pratap Singh Patel (elected on 14 March 2018)		Samajwadi Party
	Gorakhpur	Yogi Adityanath (resigned on 21 September 2017)[45]		Bharatiya Janata Party
		Praveen Kumar Nishad (elected on 14 March 2018)		Samajwadi Party
West Bengal	Cooch Behar	Renuka Sinha (died on 17 August 2016)		All India Trinamool Congress
		Parthapratim Roy (elected on 22 November 2016)		All India Trinamool Congress
	Bangaon	Kapil Krishna Thakur (died on 13 October 2014)		All India Trinamool Congress
		Mamata Thakur (elected on 16 February 2015)		All India Trinamool Congress
	Jadavpur	Sugata Bose (resigned on 12 March 2019)		All India Trinamool Congress
		Vacant
	Uluberia	Sultan Ahmed (died on 4 September 2017)[46]		All India Trinamool Congress
		Sajda Ahmed (elected on 1 February 2018)		All India Trinamool Congress
	Tamluk	Suvendu Adhikari (resigned on 19 May 2016)		All India Trinamool Congress
		Dibyendu Adhikari (elected on 22 November 2016)		All India Trinamool Congress

Notes

1. Mallikarjun Kharge served as the Leader of the Indian National Congress Party in the Lok Sabha. There was no official opposition, as no opposition party received at least 55 seats. The INC had a plurality (44) seats in the chamber, however.