130s BC

This article concerns the period 139 BC – 130 BC.

139 BC

This section is transcluded from 139 BC. (edit | history)

By place

China

• Emperor Wu of Han sends the diplomat Zhang Qian west to form an alliance with the Yuezhi against the Xiongnu. Wu does this after learning from Xiongnu defectors that the Xiongnu had defeated and killed the king of the Yuezhi, had expelled the Yuezhi from their lands and were using their king's skull as a wine goblet. The Yuezhi had subsequently migrated further west.
• Soon after his departure for the west, Zhang Qian is detained by Junchen Chanyu of the Xiongnu. He would remain in Xiongnu custody for more than ten years and would be given a Xiongnu wife.^[1]
• Wei Zifu enters Emperor Wu's palace as a concubine and becomes pregnant. Enraged, Liu Piao, the mother of the childless Empress Chen Jiao (wife of Emperor Wu), kidnaps Zifu's brother Wei Qing, who is rescued by Gongsun Ao. Wu responds by advancing the careers of members of the Wei family.^[2]

Roman Republic

• The Lusitanian War ends when the rebellion collapses after the assassination of Viriathus by a Roman agent.
• The Achaean League is reestablished.

By topic

Astronomy

• Hipparchus makes a very precise determination of the length of the synodic month.

Births

Transcluding articles: 139 BC, 138 BC, 137 BC, 136 BC, 135 BC, 134 BC, 133 BC, 132 BC, 131 BC, and 130 BC

138 BC

• Lucius Cornelius Sulla, Roman general and statesman (d. 78 BC)^[19]
• Phaedrus the Epicurean, Greek scholar and philosopher

135 BC

• Mithridates VI, king of Pontus (d. 63 BC)^{[20][21][22][23]}
• Pompeius Strabo, Roman consul and father of Pompeius Magnus (d. 87 BC)
• Posidonius of Apamea, Greek Stoic philosopher and scientist (d. 51 BC)
• Sima Qian, Chinese historian of the Han dynasty (approximate date)

134 BC

• Jin Midi, Chinese politician and co-regent (d. 86 BC)
• Posidonius of Apamea, Stoic philosopher and polymath (d. 51 BC)
• Publius Servilius Vatia Isauricus, Roman statesman (d. 44 BC)

130 BC

• Publius Servilius Vatia Isauricus, Roman consul (approximate date)
• Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius, Roman consul and general (d. 63 BC) (approximate date)

Deaths

Transcluding articles: 139 BC, 138 BC, 137 BC, 136 BC, 135 BC, 134 BC, 133 BC, 132 BC, 131 BC, and 130 BC

139 BC

• Viriathus, Lusitanian leader (assassinated)

138 BC

• Attalus II Philadelphus, king of Pergamon (b. 220 BC)^[24]
• Diodotus Tryphon, king of the Seleucid Empire
• Mithridates I, king of Parthia (b. c. 195 BC)

137 BC

• Dutugamunu King of Sri Lanka^[25][26]
• Zhao Tuo, Emperor Wu of Nanyue (b. 240 BC)

135 BC

• Menander I, king of the Indo-Greek Kingdom
• Simon Maccabaeus, prince of Judea and High Priest of Judea^[27]

134 BC

• Simon Thassi, High Priest of Judaea (r. 142-134 BC)

133 BC

• Attalus III, king of Pergamon. In his will, he makes the people of Rome his heirs (b. 170 BC)^[28][29][30]
• Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus the Roman tribune (assassination) (b. 168 BC)

132 BC

• Eunus, leader of the Slave Revolt (136–132 BC) in Sicily
• Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Serapio, Roman consul

130 BC

• Appius Claudius Pulcher, Roman consul
• Ariarathes V, king of Cappadocia
• Marcus Perperna, Roman consul
• Pacuvius, Roman tragic poet (b. c. 220 BC)
• Ptolemaeus of Commagene, Seleucid satrap

References

1. Hung, Hing Ming (2020). The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty. pp. 144–145. ISBN 978-1628944167.
2. Hung, Hing Ming (2020). The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty. p. 132. ISBN 978-1628944167.
3. Hung, Hing Ming (2020). The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty. pp. 123–124. ISBN 978-1628944167.
4. "World History 200- 100 BC". Retrieved 28 June 2010.
5. Smith, William (1870). Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. Vol. 2. Boston, Little. p. 155.
6. T. Corey Brennan, The praetorship in the Roman Republic (2000) p. 229
7. Papazoglu 1978, p. 286
8. Livy (2007). Rome's Mediterranean Empire: Books 41-45 and the Periochae. Oxford University Press. pp. 268. ISBN 978-0-19-160539-0.
9. Hung, Hing Ming (2020). The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty. p. 124. ISBN 978-1628944167.
10. Hung, Hing Ming (2020). The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty. pp. 183–185. ISBN 978-1628944167.
11. Hung, Hing Ming (2020). The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty. pp. 124–125. ISBN 978-1628944167.
12. Davis, Paul (2001). Besieged: An Encyclopedia of Great Sieges from Ancient Times to the Present. ABC-CLIO. p. 29.
13. Hung, Hing Ming (2020). The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty. pp. 127–131. ISBN 978-1628944167.
14. "132 BC". Farlex. Archived from the original on February 24, 2012.
15. Cambridge Ancient History VII p. 380.
16. Cambridge Ancient History IX p. 780.
17. Cambridge Ancient History IX p. 313.
18. Hung, Hing Ming (2020). The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty. p. 135. ISBN 978-1628944167.
19. Marvin Perry et al., eds. Western Civilization: Ideas, Politics, and Society (Cengage Learning, 2008) p135
20. Mayor, Adrienne: "The Poison King: The Life and Legend of Mithradates, Rome's Deadliest Enemy" Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-691-12683-8
21. Duggan, Alfred: He Died Old: Mithradates Eupator, King of Pontus, 1958
22. Ford, Michael Curtis: The Last King: Rome's Greatest Enemy, New York, Thomas Dunne Books, 2004, ISBN 0-312-27539-0
23. McGing, B.C.: The Foreign Policy of Mithridates VI Eupator, King of Pontus (Mnemosyne, Supplements: 89), Leiden, Brill Academic Publishers, 1986, ISBN 90-04-07591-7 [paperback]
24. "Attalus II Philadelphus". Encyclopædia Britannica. February 13, 2024. Retrieved February 27, 2024.
25. Paranavitana, Senarat; Nicholas, Cyril Wace (1961). A Concise History of Ceylon. Colombo: Ceylon University Press. p. 59. OCLC 465385.
26. de Silva, C.R.: Sri Lanka - A History. 2nd edition, New Delhi 1997. ISBN 81-259-0461-1. p.29f.
27. Catholic Bible resources
28. Hansen, Esther V. (1971). The Attalids of Pergamon. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press; London: Cornell University Press Ltd. ISBN 0-8014-0615-3.
29. Kosmetatou, Elizabeth (2003) "The Attalids of Pergamon," in Andrew Erskine, ed., A Companion to the Hellenistic World. Oxford: Blackwell: pp. 159–174. ISBN 1-4051-3278-7. text
30. Simon Hornblower and Tony Spawforth, Who's Who (Classical World), pg. 61.

Bibliography

• Papazoglu, Fanula (1978). The Central Balkan Tribes in pre-Roman Times: Triballi, Autariatae, Dardanians, Scordisci and Moesians. Amsterdam: Hakkert.