Western Sufism
New religious movement with its origins in traditional Sufism / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Western Sufism,[1] sometimes identified with Universal Sufism, Neo-Sufism,[2] and Global Sufism, consists of a spectrum of Western European and North American manifestations and adaptations of Sufism, the mystical dimension of Islam.
Sufism flourished in Spain from the tenth to fifteenth centuries and spread throughout the Balkans during the Ottoman period. Enslaved Africans maintained Sufi traditions in the Americas.[3] It was not until the twentieth century, however, that Sufi organizations were established in Western Europe and North America. Inayat Khan promulgated Sufism in the United States and Europe from 1910 to 1926. In 1911 Ivan Aguéli established a Sufi society in Paris.
Inayat Khan's legacy has sometimes been associated with the neologism "Universal Sufism", though he never used the phrase.[4] Inayat Khan opened his London-based Sufi Order to people of all faiths and simultaneously founded the Anjuman-i Islam (Islamic Society) for "the furtherance of the study of Islam and unity between the Muslims and the non-Muslims in the world by discovering the universal spirit of Islam."[5] Aguéli's legacy is associated with the Traditionalism and Perennialism of his student René Guénon.[6]