The Vitebsk electoral district (Russian : Витебский избирательный округ ) was a constituency created for the 1917 Russian Constituent Assembly election . The electoral district covered the Vitebsk Governorate .[3] White Russian separatism was a negligible force in the electoral district.[4]
Quick Facts Former constituency, Created ...
Vitebsk Created 1917 Abolished 1918 Number of members 9 Number of Uyezd Electoral Commissions 11 Number of Urban Electoral Commissions 2 Number of Parishes 195 Sources: [1] [2]
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On May 9–10, 1917 the 1st Latgallian Latvian Congress was held, which demanded the separation of Latgale from the Vitebsk governorate and integration with Latvia.[5] In the Latgale region, which had an ethnic Latvian population and would later get annexed to independent Latvia , the Bolsheviks received over 50% of the votes cast.[6] Nevertheless, Latgale had a notably weaker Bolshevik vote than neighbouring Livonia (with 72% Bolshevik vote) and the Latvian Rifles regiment (96% Bolshevik vote), possibly linked to opposition to Bolshevik policies from the Catholic Church and Jewish business sectors.[7] The socio-economic conditions were different in Latgale than other Latvian regions, having a less educated and more religiously oriented population.[8]
List 1 – Socialist-Revolutionary Party
Andrius Bulota , former State Duma deputy, was the third candidate on the list of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party
More information Candidates of List 1 ...
Candidates of List 1[9]
1.
Alexander Gizetti [ ru ]
Petrograd , writer. Gizetti was nominated by the Central Committee of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party;
2.
Maxim Boldysh
Bolshoye Pokotino village, Nikolaev Volost, Polotsky Uyezd , Peasant
3.
Andrius Bulota
Petrograd , former member of the 2nd and 3rd State Dumas , member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies
4.
Yuda Novakovsky
Petrograd , member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies
5.
Iosif Ruskul
Skinchi village, Mikhailovsky Volost , Lutsinsky Uyezd , Peasant
6.
Mikhail Tsetlin
Chairman of the Vitebsk Committee of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party
7.
Daniil Vasilevsky
Representing the peasantry of Polotsky Uyezd . Popular educator. Chairman of Polotsky Uyezd Zemstvo Council.
8.
Alexander Prokofiev
Vitebsk . Popular educator. Representing the peasants of the Gorodoksky Uyezd , member of the Vitebsk Provincial Executive committee of the Soviet of Peasants Deputies
9.
Nerses Aslanov
Vitebsk . Deputy Chairman of the Vitebsk Provincial Soviet of Peasants Deputies
10.
Grigory Katzenelenbogen
Rezhitsa . Chairman of the Rezhitsa Soviet of Workers, Soldiers and Peasants Deputies
11.
Mark Lyakhovsky
Zaprudye village, Staroselskaya Volost, Vitebsky Uyezd . Peasant
12.
Vasily Moiseev
Vitebsk . Chairman of the Provincial Soviet of Peasants Deputies
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List 2 – Trudovik Popular-Socialist Party
Alexander Zarudny , who had served as Minister of Justice in the Russian Provisional Government , headed the Trudovik list
More information Candidates of List 2 ...
Candidates of List 2[9]
1.
Alexander Zarudny
2.
Leon Bramson
3.
Vladimir Karpov
4.
Mikhail Bogdanov
5.
Nikolai Kislyakov
6.
Alexander Likhnitsky
7.
Alexander Kyusse-Tyuz
8.
Alexander Shestov
9.
Evgeny Alonov
10.
Vasily Tretyakov
11.
Mikhail Demidov
12.
Vasily Stolpovsky
13.
Pavel Solovyov
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List 3 – Kadets
Maxim Vinaver headed the Kadet list
More information Candidates of List 3 ...
Candidates of List 3[9]
1.
Maxim Vinaver
2.
Vasily Stepanov [ ru ]
3.
Emmanuil Dubossarsky
4.
Olga Nechaeva
5.
Parfeniy Vasiliev
6.
Evgeny Senkovsky
7.
Semyon Burkov
8.
Alexey Luzgin
9.
Ivan Abmorshev
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List 4 – Latgale Socialist Party of Working People
More information Candidates of List 4 ...
Candidates of List 4[9]
1.
Francis Kemps [ lv ]
2.
Aloizijs Skruls
3.
Zenons Laizāns
4.
Francs Vilcāns
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List 5 – Bolsheviks
Lev Kamenev headed the Bolshevik list
Felix Dzerzhinsky occupied the second slot on the Bolshevik list
More information Candidates of List 5 ...
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List 6 – Bloc of the Vitebsk Belorussian People's Union and the Orthodox Parishes of the Faith of the Polotsk Diocese
More information Candidates of List 6 ...
Candidates of List 6[9]
1.
Georgy Polonsky
2.
Boris Byalynitsky-Birulya [ ru ]
3.
Foma Litvinov
4.
Mikhail Sokolov
5.
Alexey Sukharev
6.
Trofim Bavshuto
7.
Fedor Grigorovich
8.
Trofim Zaitsev
9.
Andrei Starovoitov
10.
Foma Podkhilko
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List 7 – Jewish National Electoral Committee
Naphtali Friedman headed the list of the Jewish National Electoral Committee.
More information Candidates of List 7 ...
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List 8 – Vitebsk Provincial Union of Land Owners and Society of Old Believers of Vitebsk Governorate
Sergey Kotlyarevsky [ ru ] headed the joint list of Land Owners and Old Believers
More information Candidates of List 8 ...
Candidates of List 8[9]
1.
Sergey Kotlyarevsky [ ru ]
2.
Gury Gusakov
3.
Leonid Kopatsinsky
4.
Andrey Kovalev
5.
Andrey Janson
6.
Varfolomey Saveliev
7.
Khristian Bigge
8.
Vatslav Kossov
9.
Bronislav Mirsky
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List 9 – Mensheviks and Bund
Akaki Chkhenkeli headed the Menshevik-Bund list
More information Candidates of List 9 ...
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List 11 – Socialists-Federalists and Peasants of Latgale
More information Candidates of List 11 ...
Candidates of List 11[9]
1.
Antons Skrinda [ lv ]
2.
Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics
3.
Antons Laizāns [ lv ]
4.
Valeriya Seyl'
5.
Aloīzijs Bojārs
6.
Nikolay Manuilov
7.
Pēteris Zalāns
8.
Doroško Donāts
9.
Eduards Kozlovskis
10.
Antons Zvidrins
11.
Viktors Gabranovs
12.
Daniels Gabruševs
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Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics withdrew his candidature before the election, leaving 11 candidates on the list.[9]
List 12 – Lettish Democrats-Nationalists
Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics , later the Prime Minister of Latvia , was the second candidate of the Lettish Democrat-Nationalist list
More information Candidates of List 12 ...
Candidates of List 12[9]
1.
Jurijs Pabergs
2.
Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics
3.
Ivans Grišāns
4.
Iosifs Kindzuls
5.
Petrs Lazdans
6.
Staņislavs Kambala [ lv ]
7.
Donats Lačkajs-Lače
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List 13 – Peasants of Vitebsk Governorate
More information Candidates of List 13 ...
Candidates of List 13[9]
1.
Alexander Lobus
2.
Nikolay Novikov
3.
Boris Tyasto (withdrew his candidature - replaced by Ivan Zagulov)
4.
Yakov Alekseev
5.
Vladimir Puzynya
6.
Semyon Gushchenko
7.
Tit Kovalenok
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List 14 – Citizens of the Bolets Volost, Gorodoksky Uyezd
More information Candidates of List 14 ...
Candidates of List 14[9]
1.
Ivan Kuzminsky
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Kuzminsky was member of the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries , peasant from Potashenskaya Volost, Gorodoksky Uyezd .[9]
More information Party, Vote ...
Vitebsk
Party
Vote
%
Seats
List 5 - Bolsheviks
287,101
51.22
6
List 1 - Socialist-Revolutionaries
150,279
26.81
3
List 11 - Socialist-Federalists and Peasants of Latgale
26,990
4.82
List 7 - Jewish National Electoral Committee
24,790
4.42
List 9 - Mensheviks -Bund
12,471
2.22
List 10 - United Polish Organizations
10,556
1.88
List 13 - Peasants of Vitebsk Governorate
9,752
1.74
List 6 - Vitebsk Belarusian People’s Union and Orthodox Parishes of the Faith of the Polotsk Diocese
9,019
1.61
List 3 - Kadets
8,132
1.45
List 8 - Landowners and Old Believers
6,098
1.09
List 12 - Lettish Democrats-Nationalists
5,881
1.05
List 4 - Latgallian Popular Committee and Latgallian Socialist Party of Working People
5,118
0.91
List 2 - Popular Socialists
3,599
0.64
List 14 - Citizens of Boletskii Volost of Gorodsky Uezd
752
0.13
Total:
560,538
9
[11] [12] [13]
Deputies Elected
Boldysh
SR
Bulota
SR
Gizetti
SR
Ceshejko-Sochacki
Bolshevik
Dzerzhinsky
Bolshevik
Kamenev
Bolshevik
Pinson
Bolshevik
Rivkin
Bolshevik
Sarkisyants
Bolshevik
[14]
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Vitebsk town
In Vitebsk town, the Bolsheviks got 11,875 votes (34.8%), the Jewish National Electoral Committee 5,772 votes (16.9%), the Menshevik-Bund list 3,822 votes (11.3%), the White Russian/Orthodox list 3,058 votes (8.9%), the SRs 3,053 votes (8.9%), the Kadets 2,365 votes (6.9%), the Polish list 2,169 votes (6.4%), the Popular Socialists 958 votes (2.9%), the Lettish Democrats-Nationalists 395 votes (1.1%), the Landowners/Old Believers list 375 votes (1.1%), the peasants' list 197 votes (0.5%), Latgallian Socialist-Federalists 68 votes (0.2%), Latgallian nationalists 20 votes (0.1%) and 12 votes for the Boletsky volost citizens' list.[13]