VR Class Sr2
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Sr2 is a class of electric locomotives of the VR Group. They were built by SLM/ABB and later by Adtranz and finally Bombardier Transportation and assembled by Transtech Oy.[1][2] They are closely based on the class Re 460 (or Lok 2000) locomotives of Swiss Federal Railways.
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An Sr2 locomotive at Tampere railway station, June 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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The nicknames of this class are Alppiruusu (Edelweiss), Käkikello (Cuckoo clock), both referring to the Swiss origin of the locomotive,[3] as well as Marsu (Guinea pig) and Möhkö (Blob), both from the looks of the locomotive.
In 1992, VR ordered the first 20 class Sr2 locomotives;[1] later 20 more were ordered with 12 options. Finally only six of the 12 options were transformed into orders, forming a total fleet of 46 engines.[3] The locomotives are used on both passenger trains and freight trains, and they are the primary locomotives of the fast InterCity trains in Finland.
Until mid-2010s Sr2s were pulling IC trains the classic way, but after Edo-class cab control cars were introduced in 2013,[4] Sr2 units have been used in pull-push mode with IC double deck stock. Until introduction of new Sr3 locomotives, Sr2 has been the only electric locomotive equipped for push-pull among Finnish rolling stock.
When introduced, the Sr2 was the fastest and most powerful locomotive of the VR. It was designed with a top speed of 230 km/h (140 mph)[1] and early units had that speed marked on them.[5][6] During test runs, it has achieved a speed of 232 km/h (144 mph).[citation needed] However, VR later limited the top speed to 210 km/h (130 mph),[3] since test runs require 10% faster speed than the targeted commercial speed.
The locomotive has GTO-thyristor inverters driving three-phase asynchronous AC motors.[7] The maximum power of each air-cooled motor is 1,560 kW (2,090 hp) at 2,600 V.[7] Combined, they are capable of a power output of 6,100 kilowatts (8,200 hp) (5,000 kW (6,700 hp) continuous power).[8] The motors are small and fit entirely within the bogies.[7] The bogies weigh only 15.8 tonnes and are equipped with radially steered axles.[1] This reduces rail wear significantly. A redesigned bogie construction was refitted by the manufacturer in the mid-2000s after the locomotives were found to oscillate sideways when running at speeds of over 160 km/h (99 mph).[9]
The whole construction of the locomotive is modular and all functions are controlled by several microprocessors via the locomotive bus (MICAS S2).[7] The system is redundant, so that a failure in one processor does not harm the overall system.[7] The data lines are fiber optic cables.[7]
Sr2 units are fitted with Unilink couplers, which combine a SA3 and a traditional chain coupler.[10]
As with all the Lok 2000 locomotives, the external design is by Pininfarina.[7] The series were painted red and white, showcasing VR's InterCity colours, with a large V on the bodyside to symbolise VR's high-speed traffic.[1][11][12] Starting from number 3222 the V was replaced with VR's logo.[3] Beginning from 2010 and starting from engine number 3221, all units were repainted with VR's current colour scheme (green and white).[2][13]
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