User:Mr. Ibrahem/Formoterol
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Formoterol, also known as eformoterol, is a used in the long term management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).[3] It is used by breathing it into the lungs.[3] Full effects take about 2 hours and last about 12 h.[1]
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![]() Formoterol (top), (R,R)-(−)-formoterol (center) and (S,S)-(+)-formoterol (bottom) | |
Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Oxeze, Perforomist, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
License data | |
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Routes of administration | Inhalation (capsules for oral inhalation, DPI, MDI) |
Drug class | LABA[1] |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Protein binding | 61% to 64% |
Metabolism | Liver demethylation and glucuronidation (CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9 and CYP2A6 involved) |
Onset of action | Up to 3 hr for max. effect[1] |
Elimination half-life | 10 h |
Duration of action | 12 h[1] |
Excretion | Kidney and fecal |
Identifiers | |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C19H24N2O4 |
Molar mass | 344.411 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Chirality | Racemic mixture |
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Common side effects include dry mouth, trouble sleeping, nausea, and throat inflammation.[1] Other side effects may include bronchospasm, anaphylaxis, and QT prolongation.[1] In asthma, it may increase the risk of death if used without an inhaled steroid.[1] Use in pregnancy is of unclear safety.[1] It is a long-acting β2 agonist (LABA).[1]
Formoterol was patented in 1972 and came into medical use in 1998.[4] It is available as a generic medication.[5] In the United Kingdom it costs the NHS about £12 per month as of 2021.[3] In the United States this amount costs about 285 USD.[5] It is also available in combination as budesonide/formoterol, mometasone/formoterol, and beclometasone/formoterol.[3][6][1]