User:Mr. Ibrahem/Diltiazem
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Diltiazem, sold under the brand name Cardizem among others, is a calcium channel blocker medication used to treat high blood pressure, angina, and certain heart arrhythmias.[5] It may also be used in hyperthyroidism if beta blockers cannot be used.[5] It is taken by mouth or injection into a vein.[5] When given by injection, effects typically begin within a few minutes and last a few hours.[5]
![]() | |
![]() | |
Clinical data | |
---|---|
Pronunciation | /dɪlˈtaɪəzɛm/ |
Trade names | Cardizem, Dilacorxr, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a684027 |
License data | |
Pregnancy category |
|
Routes of administration | By mouth, intravenous (IV) |
Drug class | Nondihydropyridine calcium channel blocker |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | 40% |
Metabolism | Liver |
Elimination half-life | 3.5 hours[4] |
Excretion | Kidney Biliary |
Identifiers | |
| |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C22H26N2O4S |
Molar mass | 414.519 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| |
| |
(verify) |
Common side effects include swelling, dizziness, headaches, and low blood pressure.[5] Other severe side effects include an overly slow heart beat, heart failure, liver problems, and allergic reactions.[5] Use is not recommended during pregnancy.[5] It is unclear if use when breastfeeding is safe.[1]
Diltiazem works by relaxing the smooth muscle in the walls of arteries, resulting in them opening and allowing blood to flow more easily.[5] Additionally, it acts on the heart to prolong the period until it can beat again.[6] It does this by blocking the entry of calcium into the cells of the heart and blood vessels.[7] It is a class IV antiarrhythmic.[8]
Diltiazem was approved for medical use in the United States in 1982.[5] It is available as a generic medication.[5] In the United States the wholesale cost per day of the by mouth formulation is less than 0.70 USD as of 2018.[9] In 2017, it was the 75th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than ten million prescriptions.[10][11] An extended release formulation is also available.[5][12]