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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, commonly known by its abbreviation PSLV, is an expendable launch system developed and operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It was developed to allow India to launch its Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites into Sun-synchronous orbits, a service that was, until the advent of the PSLV, commercially available only from Russia. PSLV can also launch small size satellites into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO).[4]
![]() | This article documents a current rocket launch. Information may change rapidly as the event progresses, and initial news reports may be unreliable. The latest updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. (February 2017) |
![]() Model of the standard PSLV rocket | |
Function | Medium lift launch system |
---|---|
Manufacturer | ISRO |
Country of origin | India |
Cost per launch | PSLV-CA ₹90 crore($15M)[1] |
Size | |
Height | 44 metres (144 ft) |
Diameter | 2.8 metres (9 ft 2 in) |
Mass | PSLV-G: 295,000 kg (650,000 lb) PSLV-CA: 230,000 kg (510,000 lb) PSLV-XL: 320,000 kg (710,000 lb)[2] |
Stages | 4 |
Capacity | |
Payload to LEO(620 km) | |
Mass | 3,800 kg (8,400 lb) |
Payload to SSO(620 km) | |
Mass | 1,750 kg (3,860 lb)[2] |
Payload to Sub-GTO/GTO | |
Mass | 1,425 kg (3,142 lb)[2] |
Launch history | |
Status | Active |
Launch sites | Sriharikota |
Total launches | 38 PSLV-G: 12 PSLV-CA: 11 PSLV-XL: 15 |
Success(es) | 36 PSLV-G: 10 PSLV-CA: 11 PSLV-XL: 15 |
Failure(s) | 1 (PSLV-D1) |
Partial failure(s) | 1 (PSLV-C1) |
First flight | PSLV: 20 September 1993 PSLV-CA: 23 April 2007 PSLV-XL: 22 October 2008 |
Type of passengers/cargo | Chandrayaan-1, Mars Orbiter Mission, Astrosat, SRE-1, NAVIC |
Boosters (PSLV-G) – S9 | |
No. boosters | 6 |
Powered by | off |
Maximum thrust | 510 kN (110,000 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 262 s (2.57 km/s) |
Burn time | 44 seconds |
Propellant | Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene |
Boosters (PSLV-XL) – S12 | |
No. boosters | 6 |
Powered by | off |
Maximum thrust | 719 kN (162,000 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 262 s (2.57 km/s) |
Burn time | 49 seconds |
Propellant | Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene |
First stage | |
Propellant mass | 138,000 kg (304,000 lb)[2] |
Powered by | S139 |
Maximum thrust | 4,800 kN (1,100,000 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 237 s (2.32 km/s) (sea level) 269 s (2.64 km/s) (vacuum) |
Burn time | 105 seconds |
Propellant | Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene |
Second stage | |
Powered by | 1 Vikas |
Maximum thrust | 799 kN (180,000 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 293 s (2.87 km/s) |
Burn time | 158 seconds |
Propellant | N2O4/UDMH |
Third stage | |
Powered by | HPS3 |
Maximum thrust | 240 kN (54,000 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 295 s (2.89 km/s) |
Burn time | 83 seconds |
Propellant | Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene |
Fourth stage | |
Powered by | 2 x L-2-5[3] |
Maximum thrust | 15.2 kN (3,400 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 308 s (3.02 km/s) |
Burn time | 425 seconds |
Propellant | MMH/MON |
In 2015 India successfully launched 17 foreign satellites belonging to Canada, Indonesia, Singapore, the United Kingdom and the United States. Some notable payloads launched by PSLV include India's first lunar probe Chandrayaan-1, India's first interplanetary mission, Mangalyaan (Mars orbiter) and India's first space observatory, Astrosat.[2]