User:Adewale3/Library Training for BMED
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Anoxic depolarization is a progressive and uncontrollable depolarization of neurons during stroke or brain ischemia in which there is deficient supply of blood to the brain due to rupture or obstruction of the internal carotid artery resulting in a complete insufficiency of oxygen reaching the brain. [1] Anoxic depolarization is induced by the loss of neuronal membrane permeability as a result loss of energy supply to power the Na+/K+-ATPase pump, which mediates membrane ion homeostasis by maintaining transmembrane gradients of K+ and Na+</sup.[2] The hallmarks of anoxic depolarization involve increased concentration of extracellular [[K+]], intracellular [[Na+]] and [[Ca2+]], and extracellular glutamate and aspartate both of which are the main excitotoxins that activate a number of downstream apoptotic and necrotic pathways that contribute to neuronal death and dysfunction.[3]