University
Academic institution for further education / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For other uses, see University (disambiguation).
A university (from Latin universitas 'a whole') is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines.[1] University is derived from the Latin phrase universitas magistrorum et scholarium, which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars".[2] Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs.
The first universities in Europe were established by Catholic monks.[3][4][5][6][7] The University of Bologna (Università di Bologna), Italy, which was founded in 1088, is the first university in the sense of:
- being a high degree-awarding institute.
- using the word universitas (which was coined at its foundation).
- having independence from the ecclesiastic schools and issuing secular as well as non-secular degrees (with teaching conducted by both clergy and non-clergy): grammar, rhetoric, logic, theology, canon law, notarial law.[8][9][10][11][12]