USS Kinsman

USS Kinsman, sometimes called USS Colonel Kinsman, was a sidewheel steamer captured by the Union Army during the American Civil War. She was used by the Army and then by the Union Navy as a gunboat in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways. On 23 February 1863, she hit a snag and sank.

Kinsman and other Union ships engage the Confederate gunboat CSS J. A. Cotton on 14 January 1863
History
United States
Ordered	as Gray Cloud
Laid down	date unknown
Launched	1854
Acquired	1 January 1863
Stricken	1863 (est.)
Fate	Sunk 23 February 1863
General characteristics
Displacement	245 tons
Length	not known
Beam	not known
Draft	4 feet (1.2 m)[1]
Propulsion	steam engine side wheel-propelled
Speed	not known
Complement	not known
Armament	not known

Commandeered for Union Army service

In 1854 Kinsman was built at Elizabeth, Pennsylvania, as Grey Cloud. She operated on the Mississippi River and its tributaries from St. Louis, Missouri. After the capture of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the spring of 1862, she was commandeered by General B. F. Butler and fitted out for river service.

On 18 July 1862, the USS New London and Grey Cloud, reinforced by men from the USS Potomac, steamed toward Pascagoula with the New London announcing their arrival by firing two shells over the large shoreline hotel. The New London docked at the Hotel Wharf at Pascagoula, Mississippi, and deployed about 60 sailors and marines to the village to capture mails and confiscate the telegraph equipment. Sentries quickly spotted a Confederate cavalry patrol and the sailors and marines withdrew to their gunboats. The Grey Cloud moved about a half mile west and attempted to enter the Pascagoula River with the intent on capturing local schooners with turpentine and lumber. However, the mouth of the river was obstructed to prevent passage. At this point the gunboats stood off shore and put in three launches loaded with about 25 sailors and marines each and proceeded up the river. About a mile from the mouth where the river is not but 200 yards wide, the launches were ambushed by a platoon of 30 troopers of the Mobile Dragoons under Lieut Hallett, a cavalry unit armed with Sharps carbines. The launches returned fire, but where in the open and withdrew to the mouth of the river with eight or nine wounded. Once the launches were clear, the New London fired 25 shells into the village and the Grey Cloud fired seven shells. After sitting off shore 19 July, the ships withdrew from the shoreline.^[2]

Damaged in action against Confederate gunboat J. A. Cotton

Renamed Kinsman, the side-wheel steamer operated for the Union Army. At Butler's request, Rear Admiral David Farragut assigned naval officers to command the Army gunboats; Acting Volunteer Lieutenant George Wiggins was given command of Colonel Kinsman in October 1862. With USS Calhoun, USS Estrella, and USS Diana, she engaged Confederate gunboat CSS J. A. Cotton in a spirited action 3 November. The J. A. Cotton was a steamboat modified with a cotton-and-timber casemate and a small amount of railroad iron tacked onto the side.^[3] Moving close inshore, Colonel Kinsman dispersed an artillery battery, all the while firing at the gunboat. Kinsman was struck under her port bow and the other Union ships were damaged but they forced the Confederate vessel to retire. Colonel Kinsman was hit more than 50 times in this heated engagement, suffering two dead and four wounded. That night the Northern ships captured A. B. Seaer, a small steamer of the Confederate Navy used as a dispatch boat. Five days later, Kinsman and A. B. Seger captured and burned steamers Osprey and J. P. Smith in Bayou Cheval, Louisiana.

Over the next two days, these four Union gunboats would return to engage the Confederate Navy's lone J.A. Cotton and each time failed to put the C.S. Navy's lone entry away. (See: Bayou Teche)

Transferred to the Navy and against J. A. Cotton again

Kinsman was transferred to the Navy 1 January 1863; Lieutenant Wiggins remained in command. With Calhoun, Estrella, and Diana^[4] under overall command of Lt. Comdr. Thomas McKean Buchanan, she attacked the J. A. Cotton and Confederate shore batteries at Bayou Teche, below Franklin, Louisiana on 14 January 1863. The J. A. Cotton engaged the attackers but was compelled to retire. Soon thereafter J. A. Cotton's crew set their ship afire and destroyed her to prevent capture. During the engagement, a torpedo (mine) exploded under Kinsman unshipping her rudder.^[5]

Vigorous prosecution of the action by Northern vessels forced the Southerners to retire permitting removal of obstructions which had impeded Union ships.

Loss

While transporting a detachment of troops 23 February 1863, Kinsman struck a snag and sank in Berwick Bay near Brashear City, Louisiana. Despite being beached, she filled and slid off the steep bank into deep water where she sank near Brashear City. Six men were lost.^[1]

References

 This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.

1. Gaines, W. Craig (2008). Encyclopedia of Civil War Shipwrecks. LSU Press. p. 68. ISBN 9780807134245. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
2. Charleston Daily Courier, 29 July 1862
3. Campbell, R. Thomas (2008). Voices of the Confederate Navy: Articles, Letters, Reports, and Reminiscences. McFarland. p. 139. ISBN 9780786431489. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
4. Eicher, David J. (2002). The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War. Simon and Schuster. pp. 382, 433–434. ISBN 9780743218467.
5. Rains, Gabriel J.; Michie, Peter S. (2011). Confederate Torpedoes: Two Illustrated 19th Century Works with New Appendices and Photographs. McFarland. p. 142. ISBN 9780786485451. Retrieved 27 July 2017.

29.707°N 91.223°W / 29.707; -91.223