The Laiho Trio

The Laiho Trio was formed by three brothers, Altti U. Laiho (1939 Pori – 2017 Ulvila), Veikko O. Laiho (b. 1942) and Pentti K. Laiho (b. 1944). According to many experts, the trio was extremely unusual in its composition, repertoire, and virtuosity.^{[1][2][3] [4]} The repertoire of the trio consisted of big symphony orchestral compositions arranged for three accordions.^[5] The brothers grew up in the city of Pori, in southwestern Finland, but they made their main career in the United States where they lived for years.

Trio Laiho, May 1967

Early life

They were mainly self-educated artists having their own technique and style. Progressing in playing skills they got interested in performing more demanding orchestral music and founded the accordion trio in 1960.

There was no repertoire available for them because nobody had composed or arranged material for three accordions. So arrangements had to be tailored especially for the trio. The very first arrangements for the trio were made by Yrjö Honkanen, Matti Viljanen and George de Godzinsky. The main classical repertoire was transcribed from orchestral scores by Tony Chiapparin, a French professor and composer. Later on, the brothers also arranged material by themselves. The repertoire consisted mainly of large orchestral compositions such as Beethoven's Symphony Nr 5, Coriolanus and Egmont overtures, Mozart's Symphony Nr 40, Sibelius' Finlandia and Karelia suite, Tchaikovsky's music from the Swan Lake, Sarasate's Gipsy Air, Saint-Saëns' Introduction and Rondo Capriccioso, Paganini's Moto Perpetuo and Le Sreghe, von Suppé's the Light Cavalry overture, Johann Strauss’ the Bat overture etc.

Besides performing activities, radio shows played an important role in their career. During the years 1960–1974 the brothers recorded dozens of radio shows for the Finnish Broadcasting Company YLE.^[6]

The Laiho Trio in the United States

A concert of The Laiho Accordion Trio in the splendid Warner Theater

A painting by Sergei Ushtenko from the Laiho Trio on concert tour in America

A painting by Timo Ingman from the Laiho Trio in New York

A painting by Aleksei Gladkov from the Laiho Trio when they graduated for the master's degrees in New York

An opportunity to perform outside Finland opened in 1967 and The Laiho Trio made their first North American tour in the years 1968 and 1969. The wide tour stretched all over the continent, the United States and Canada. The route went from the west coast to the east coast through almost all major cities. On January 28, 1969 the Canadian newspaper Vapaa Sana (Free Press) published an article concerning the Laiho Trio's concert at International Institute in Los Angeles. Following is a quote from the article: “An enthusiastic audience received these three handsome artists with great eagerness and expectation. We had already read advertisements in advance about it that they were called the Kings of the accordion,^[7] a term that nobody should step over. We waited something special. We did not disappointed with our expectation.” The newspaper continues: “A program in Finnish manners would not be perfect without Sibelius´ Finlandia. That was the last number in the program. It is unbelievable that on three accordions it can be played so demanding work as Finlandia. But the Laiho brothers performed it completely with firm holds that the hair rose up. It sounded like a performance of a symphony orchestra. Unbelievable but true.” ^[8] The most important performances were in New York City, where they, for example, performed six times in Arthur Godfrey's CBS radio show. The shows were broadcast to millions of listeners throughout the whole continent of North America, which greatly advanced their future successful career in the United States. Godfrey was very impressed for the performances of the Laiho Trio and cried out “Wizards!” He told to his listeners again and again that “you cannot believe but there are three of them although it sounds like a playing of one instrument, so well they play together.”^[9] The second tour began in spring 1977 and now the brothers decided to stay permanently in the U.S.A. At first, they gave concerts in universities at Midwest and, at the end of the tour, they settled down in New York City, which was to be their home for decades. From New York City they made concert tours everywhere in the US without having any kind of competition from other accordionists. The Trio belonged to the artist roster of Mark Bichurin Concerts Corporation at Carnegie Hall in New York City, which arranged their concerts. This Bichurin's artist roster included many world-famous artists. The Laiho Trio was also introduced in the performing arts calendar called Musical America where accordionists had never before featured.^[10]

The brothers’ pioneering concerts by three accordions were unique and historical. They were full-length classical concerts on the biggest stages in the world with thousands of audience.^[11] The concerts were held at concert halls, theaters, cultural centers and universities. The Trio also gave concerts at churches, for example at Saint Patrick's Cathedral in New York City, which is one of the biggest churches in the world. Charles Rissanen, a newspaper editor, wrote about this concert in Aamulehti on August 9, 1981. Following is a quote from the article: “Pori Accordionists As ´Aces´ In The USA (headline) …The Laiho's have played in big churches - for example in New York´s most well-known Saint Patrick´s Cathedral …they play classic music with their accordions and make it sound almost like a playing of a symphony orchestra. …I heard the Laiho Trio playing there in front of the altar. Magnificent it felt. The accordion symphonists filled that big church with their music.“^[12] The International Musician published an article about the Laiho Trio in the issue of October 1990. Following is a quote from the article: “The Laiho Trio - The First Three Accordion Symphonists (headline) … Never before it was considered that this instruments could contribute to the music programs of symphonies, operas or concertos. But in 1961 (1960), that all changed. Three brothers born in Pori, Finland, Altti, Veikko and Pentti Laiho formed the only ensemble in the world which performed symphonic orchestral music on three accordions. …They performed for audiences of thousands, the same as the concert world´s superstars.”^[13]

The Laiho Trio also performed in the TV and radio shows of the broadcasting companies of ABC, CBS, NBC, PBS, WOR, and WNYC. These shows were aired continent wide. The trio performed also several one-hour live concerts at WQXR, a radio station owned by The New York Times. This station is considered to be the best radio station in America for classical music. The concerts were led by Robert Sherman who made comments about the concerts to the radio listeners and for the performances of the Laiho Trio he said: “Great, brilliant, most unusual treat!”^[14][15] In November 1982, the Laiho Trio was honored to perform for Carl Gustav XVI and Silvia, the King and Queen of Sweden, during their visit to New York City.^[16]

After the death of their manager, the brothers started to handle their concert arrangements by themselves. A wide concert tour to Europe and China was under way. But then Pentti's hearing was weakened. He underwent a surgery but, unfortunately, with poor results, his hearing did not improve to normal. The brothers’ amazing career as a performing trio was over.

At that point, the brothers decided to utilize their experiences as performing artists for composition and started to study music theory and composing in The City University of New York. They each graduated as Bachelor of Science (B.S.) Veikko in 1990, Altti and Pentti in 1995 and Master of Music (M.M.) in the year 2000. In addition to this Veikko also graduated as Master of Arts in Teaching Music (M.A.T.) in 1992.^[17] The brothers got several awards due to their successful studies. In October 1993 they were nominated as members of The Golden Key International Honor Society, which invites the best students from American universities to be their members. In The City University of New York they had several famous composers as their teachers. One was the most famous American composer John Corigliano.

Although the brothers’ magnificent career as accordion artists in the U.S. ended, they moved along into composing and their work with music continues as actively as ever before.

Directors of Imatra Society in Brooklyn

During the studying period, the brothers participated in the activities of the organization of the Finnish immigrants named Imatra Society in Brooklyn, New York. Veikko was the president of the society and Pentti served as the treasurer. During their management the society celebrated its 100th anniversary. On Pentti's initiative the 40th Street, where the society is located, was renamed ”Finlandia Street”.^{[18] [19] [20]} The brothers were seeking to maintain and improve the Imatra Society's activities to advance Finnish culture in the U.S. To secure the future existence of the society they made an effort to get it under the ownership of the Finnish government.^[21] One of their specific goals was to start arranging an annual music festival at Imatra Society where Finnish musicians could show their skills to American audience and also American musicians could participate the festival. But they didn’t get enough support for these ideas from the other members as many of them wanted to have closer co-operation with non-Finnish people. Consequently, the brothers resigned the board in 1992. The Society was out of debt at that moment, but soon after, the Imatra Society ran into debt and went bankrupt in 1996. Following there are some quotes from the newspaper New Yorkin Uutiset in which the activities of the society are reported during the leadership of the Laiho brothers. December 13, 1988: “Soon 100 years old Imatra Society in Brooklyn is living a new rising age. …Last Sunday afternoon the Imatra hall near the Sunset Park in Brooklyn experienced an all-time surprise, the Society´s own Christmas party was attended with more people than for many, many, years.”^[22] February 14, 1989: “…Veikko Laiho with his effectual board has received more and more visiting orchestras and other groups. In the same way more people has attended the parties at Imatra hall during the year.”^[23] February 28. 1989: “The annual meeting elected Veikko Laiho unanimously with loud applause for the second year to be the president of the society.”^[24] October 16. 1990: “The present board has made good work at the ´helm´ of the Imatra Society and led the ship with the best possible way.”^[25] June 20. 1992, a letter from the members of Imatra: “The Imatra Society is to thank the Laiho brothers for it that the Society exists on the whole…”^[26]

Discography

• Amoureuse, R. Berger, Griserie, A. Bose, La Cumparsita, H. M. Rodriques and A media Luz, E. Donato. Finlandia Records (a division of the Warner Classics), RPE 459 (1967).
• Coriolanus Overture, Ludwig van Beethoven, In a Persian Market, Albert Ketelbey, Leichte Kavallerie overture, Franz von Suppé etc.. Europa (record label) LP record, AVP 224 GX 365 (1973) .
• The Last Spring, Edvard Grieg and Intermezzo from Cavalleria rusticana, Pietro Mascagni etc.. Musical Heritage Society LP record, MHS 3908Z (1978).

Compositions

Alla marcia, orchestral	Veikko Olavi Laiho
Birthday Song, orch.	Altti U. Laiho
Dances Nr. 1-3, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Der Messias, orch.	Altti U. Laiho
Divertimento, orch.	Veikko Olavi Laiho
Divertimentos Nr. 1-147, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Dodecaphonic music, orch.	Altti U. Laiho
Down Town Manhattan, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Etyde, orch.	Altti U. Laiho
Etyde, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Fairy Tale Wedding Waltz, orch.	Veikko Olavi Laiho
Fanfares Nr. 1-7	Pentti K. Laiho
Finnish Jenkka Dances Nr. 1-17, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
For Maire, orch.	Veikko Olavi Laiho
Foxtrots Nr. 1-12, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Fruhling, spring, piano and voice	Altti U. Laiho
Glasnost Time, orch.	Veikko Olavi Laiho
Grande Valse Romantique, piano	Altti U. Laiho
Greetings, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Himmels Singen, orch. and chorus	Altti U. Laiho
Humoresque, piano	Altti U. Laiho
In New York Fascination, orch.	Veikko Olavi Laiho
Landing, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Machine, minimalism, orch.	Altti U. Laiho
Mazurka, orch.	Veikko Olavi Laiho
Mazurkas Nr. 1-27, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Minimeno, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Moonlight at Christmas Night, orch.	Altti U. Laiho
Moto Perpetuo, orch.	Veikko Olavi Laiho
New Waltz, orch.	Veikko Olavi Laiho
New York City at Night, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Nocturne, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Prelude, orch.	Veikko Olavi Laiho
Preludes Nr. 1-3, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Scherzo, orch.	Veikko Olavi Laiho
Scherzos Nr. 1-2, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Serenade, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
String Quartet	Altti U. Laiho
String Quartet	Pentti K. Laiho
String Quartet	Veikko Olavi Laiho
Symphonie im Nature, orch.	Altti U. Laiho
Symphony Nr. 1, orch.	Veikko Olavi Laiho
Tangos Nr. 1-32, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Tangos Nr. 1-2	Veikko Olavi Laiho
The Sons of Pori, orch.	Veikko Olavi Laiho
Waltzes Nr. 1-107, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Westerns Nr. 1-8, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho
Winternight, orch.	Altti U. Laiho
Wonderland, orch.	Pentti K. Laiho

References

1. Musical America: "First Time In The History Of Music" International Directory Of The Performing Arts 1983, p. 81.
2. The International Musician: "The Laiho Trio - The First Three Accordion Symphonists" (Headline) Article October 1990, p. 8, New York.
3. Tony Chiapparin, composer, professor: "An ensemble of the very highest class and, I believe, unique of its kind. This formation of young virtuosos will always enrapture its audience." Letter January 1971, Paris.
4. Joonas Kokkonen, member of the Academy of Finland, professor, composer: "On account of what I have heard I can say that the Laiho Brothers represent a high professional standard as virtuosos of their instrument. Their technical skill is extremely reliable, their ensemble playing accurate and well balanced and their rhythm treatment clear-cut and vivacious. The performances give evidence of a natural sense of music which avoids all unnecessary exaggerations. In their own field the Laiho Trio is an excellent ensemble." Letter August 1973, Järvenpää.
5. Sir Charles Mackerras, conductor: "I have been extremely impressed with your powers of making three accordions sound like a full orchestra." Letter, July 1973, London.
6. Radio programs for the Finnish Broadcasting Company YLE (for example November 22, 1966 at 9.25 P.M. and on November 30, 1966 at 9.00 P.M.).
7. Industrialisti: ”Suomalaiset harmonikka-kuninkaat Amerikassa” (´Finnish accordion kings in America´. eng.) (Headline) Article February 7, 1969 p. 4.
8. Vapaa Sana: ”Laihon Veljekset konsertoimassa” (´The Laiho Brothers on concert tour´. eng.) (Headline) Article January 28, 1969.
9. Letter from consul John O. Virtanen March 3, 1969.
10. Musical America 1971 edition p. 205.
11. Joe L. Wheeler, Ph.D.: "Seldom have I seen our audience as appreciative as they were for your splendid performance! You received a steady enthusiastic applause all the way through the concert--and that is unusual--and then two standing ovations at the end; not many concerts end with even one. You have a unique orchestral sound and you should be able to find a niche in the U.S. concert circuit. I know we hope to have you back with us again." Letter May 1977, SWAU Keene, Texas (Wheeler refers to the concert of the Laiho Trio held in the big Leiske-Pultar Auditorium).
12. Aamulehti: "Porin hanuristit 'assina' USA:ssa" ('Pori Accordionists As 'Aces' In The USA', eng.) (Headline) Article August 9, 1981, p. 8.
13. The International Musician: "The Laiho Trio - The First Three Accordion Symphonists" (Headline) Article October 1990, p. 8, New York.
14. Musical America: "First Time In The History Of Music" International Directory Of The Performing Arts 1983, p. 81.
15. New Yorkin Uutiset: ”Laiho Trio Finntownissa on konserttimaailman harvinaisuus” (´The Laiho Trio in the Finn Town is a rarity of the concert world´, eng.) (Headline) Article September 10. 1991 p. 10, 11.
16. Nordstjernan Svea November 18.1982. Article in the front page.
17. Amerikan Uutiset: ”Laiho Trio ylti taas uusiin saavutuksiin” (´The Laiho Trio achieved again new attainments´, eng.) (Headline) Article July 15, 1999 p. 3.
18. Home Reporter and Sunset News: “Finlandia Street Honors Imatra Hall Finnish Aid Society Celebrates Centennial” (Headline) Article February 8, 1991 p. 16, 17.
19. Helsingin Sanomat: “Satavuotias Imatra-seura juhlii New Yorkissa” (´One hundred years old Imatra Society celebrates in New York´, eng.) (Headline) Article August 6, 1991 p. A4.
20. New Yorkin Uutiset: “Imatra juhli sataa vuottaan New York sai Finlandia-kadun” (´Imatra celebrated its centennial New York gained Finlandia Street´, eng.) (Headline) Article September 24, 1991 front page.
21. New Yorkin Uutiset: ”Kansliapäällikkö Numminen vieraili Imatralla” (´Mr. Numminen a chief of governmental office visited in Imatra´, eng.) (Headline) Article March 3, 1992 p. 8.
22. New Yorkin Uutiset: “Imatra-haali vetää väkeä” (´Imatra hall is well crowded´, eng.)(Headline) Article December 13, 1988 p. 4.
23. New Yorkin Uutiset: ”Kaikki mukaan tukemaan uutta, uljasta Imatraa!” (´All should come to support the new, splendid Imatra´, eng.) (Headline) Article February 14, 1989 p. 3.
24. New Yorkin Uutiset: “Veikko Laiho jatkaa Imatra-seuran puheenjohtajana” (´Veikko Laiho continues as the President of the Imatra Society´, eng.) (Headline) Article February 28, 1989 p. 4.
25. New Yorkin Uutiset: “Kansallisseura Imatran puolivuosikokous” (´Imatra Society´s semiannual meeting´, eng.) (Headline) Article October 16, 1990 p. 6.
26. Letter to the Laiho brothers from the members of the Imatra Society June 20, 1992.

External links

• Otavan Iso Musiikkitietosanakirja (´Otava Big Music Dictionary´, eng.) part 3 1978, p. 616.
• Factum Uusi Tietosanakirja (´Factum New Dictionary´, eng.) Book 4, p. 143, Published 2004, Publisher Weiling + Göös.
• Turun Sanomat: "Varusmiehille henkiset kilpailut - Porin prikaati teki historiaa" ('Cultural Contest For Draftees - Pori Brigade Made History', eng.) (Headline) Article April 30, 1963, front page. Veikko Laiho won the 1st prize in the military art contest.
• The Oregonian: "Unusual Concert Linked To Finnish Trio's Bid To Remain In U.S." (Headline) Article December 23, 1968, p. 20.
• Keene Weekly Chronicle: "S.U.C. Flies Accordion Trio To Texas From Finland" Headline) Article April 14, 1977, front page.
• The Musical Heritage Review: "The Laiho Trio Performs" (Headline) Article December 18, 1978 vol. 2 No.16 p. 22.
• Hanuri: "Suomalaista Harmonikkamusiikkia maailmalla" (´Finnish Accordion Music Around The World´, eng.) (Headline) Article vol. 2, 1987, p. 22, 23.
• Satakunnan Kansa: "Pitka kiertue paattyi" (´A Long Tour Ended´, eng.) (Headline) Article November 4, 1995, front page and p. 15.
• Hanuri: "Laiho Trio, Amerikkalaisen unelman toteuttajat" (´The Laiho Trio - The Realizer Of The American Dream´, eng.) (Headline) Article vol. 3, 1998, p. 46, 47.
• Satakunnan Kansa: "Veikko Laihon soitin soi Suomen juhannusta" (´Veikko Laiho's Instrument Hails The Finnish Midsummer´, eng.) (Headline) Article June 23, 2000, p. 11.