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Species of spider From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Stenaelurillus specularis is a species of jumping spider in the genus Stenaelurillus that the endemic to Malawi. It was first described in 2014 by Wanda Wesołowska. The spider is small, with a brown cephalothorax between 2.1 and 2.8 mm (0.083 and 0.110 in) in length and a black abdomen between 2.6 and 3.2 mm (0.10 and 0.13 in) long. The carapace has two white streaks and the female abdomen has a triangular-shaped white marking. It is distinguished from other members of the genus by the male's shiny black area on the abdomen, after which the species is named. and the female's short, wide epigyne that has two large oval copulatory openings.
| Stenaelurillus specularis | |
|---|---|
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| The related Stenaelurillus albus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Salticidae |
| Subfamily: | Salticinae |
| Genus: | Stenaelurillus |
| Species: | S. specularis |
| Binomial name | |
| Stenaelurillus specularis Wesołowska, 2014 | |
Stenaelurillus specularis was first described by Wanda Wesołowska in 2014.[1] It is one of over 500 species identified by the Polish arachnologist.[2] It was placed in the genus Stenaelurillus, first raised by Eugène Simon in 1886.[3] The name relates to the genus name Aelurillus, which itself derives from the Greek word for cat, with the addition of a Greek stem meaning narrow.[4] In 2015, Wayne Maddison allocated it in the subtribe Aelurillina in the tribe Aelurillini, which is placed in the clade Saltafresia.[5] Two years later, in 2017, it was grouped with nine other genera of jumping spiders under the name Aelurillines.[6] The species name is a Latin word that can be translated brilliant and recalls the shining area on the male's abdomen.[7]
The spider is small. The male has a cephalothorax that measures between 2.4 and 2.8 mm (0.094 and 0.110 in) in length and between 1.9 and 2.0 mm (0.075 and 0.079 in) in width. The brown carapace is hairy and slightly pear-shaped. It has two white streaks that cross the main part of the body and wide white bands around the margins. The abdomen is oval, black and hairy, between 2.6 and 3.2 mm (0.10 and 0.13 in) long and 1.8 and 1.9 mm (0.071 and 0.075 in) wide, and has a shiny spot that is marked by two patches of non-shiny black. This shiny patch is the most distinguishing feature of the spider. The eye field is black and is surrounded by long brown bristles. The spinnerets are black, and the legs are yellow. The pedipalps are light and hairy and similar to Stenaelurillus darwini but differs in the shape of palpal bulb, having a shorter lobe shape at the rear.[7] The embolus is short. The spider can be distinguished from the similar Stenaelurillus tettu by the narrow and bent projection from the palpal bulb.[8]
The female is similar to the male in size and shape. It has an cephalothorax 2.1 mm (0.083 in) long and 2.1 mm (0.083 in) wide and an abdomen 3.0 in (76 mm) long and 2.2 mm (0.087 in) wide. The carapace is also pear-shaped and coloured similarly, but the abdomen has a large triangular area of white similar to other species in the genus.[7] The spinnerets are light and legs yellow-orange. The epigyne is short, wide and has two large oval copulatory openings.[9] Due to the lack of the abdomen's shiny patch, it is the design of the epigyne that most distinguishes the female of the species from other members of the genus.[7]
The species was first identified in the Viphya Mountains of Malawi based on examples found in 1978.[10] It is endemic to the country.[11]
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