Spline (mechanical)
Ridges or teeth on a drive shaft that transfer torque to interlocking components / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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A spline is a ridge or tooth[1][2][3] on a drive shaft that matches with a groove in a mating piece and transfers torque to it, maintaining the angular correspondence between them.
For instance, a gear mounted on a shaft might use a male spline on the shaft that matches the female spline on the gear. Adjacent images in the section below show a transmission input shaft with male splines and a clutch plate with mating female splines in the center hub, where the smooth tip of the axle would be supported in a pilot bearing in the flywheel (not pictured). An alternative to splines is a keyway and key, though splines provide a longer fatigue life, and can carry significantly greater torques for the size.[2]