Siege of Jerusalem (1187)
1187 conquest of Jerusalem by the Ayyubids / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The siege of Jerusalem lasted from 20 September to 2 October 1187, when Balian of Ibelin surrendered the city to Saladin. Earlier that summer, Saladin had defeated the kingdom's army and conquered several cities. Balian was charged with organizing a defense. The city was full of refugees but had few soldiers. Despite this fact the defenders managed to repulse several attempts by Saladin's army to take the city by storm. Balian bargained with Saladin to buy safe passage for many, and the city was peacefully surrendered with limited bloodshed. Though Jerusalem fell, it was not the end of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, as the capital shifted first to Tyre and later to Acre after the Third Crusade. Latin Christians responded in 1189 by launching the Third Crusade led by Richard the Lionheart, Philip Augustus, and Frederick Barbarossa separately.[1] In Jerusalem, Saladin restored Muslim holy sites and generally showed tolerance towards Christians; he allowed Orthodox and Eastern Christian pilgrims to visit the holy sites freely—though Frankish (i.e. Catholic) pilgrims were required to pay a fee for entry. The control of Christian affairs in the city was handed over to the patriarch of Constantinople.
Siege of Jerusalem (1187) | |||||||
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Saladin and Christians of Jerusalem, illustration by François Guizot (1883) | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Ayyubid Sultanate |
Kingdom of Jerusalem Knights Hospitaller Knights Templar Order of St. Lazarus Order of Mountjoy Teutonic Order County of Tripoli | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Saladin |
Balian of Ibelin Heraclius | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
Unknown, the army primarily made up of the surviving army from the Battle of Hattin and reinforcements gathered from Syria and Egypt.
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Casualties and losses | |||||||
Unknown | Unknown |