Sarzana
Comune in Liguria, Italy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Comune in Liguria, Italy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sarzana (Italian: [sarˈdzaːna], Emilian: [sarˈzana]; Ligurian: Sarzann-a)[3] is a town, comune (municipality) and former short-lived Catholic bishopric in the Province of La Spezia, Liguria, Italy. It is 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of La Spezia, on the railway to Pisa, at the point where the railway to Parma diverges to the north.[4] In 2010, it had a population of 21,978.
Sarzana | |
|---|---|
| Città di Sarzana | |
.JPG) | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of Sarzana  | |
  Sarzana Location of Sarzana in Italy  Sarzana Sarzana (Liguria) | |
| Coordinates: 44°07′N 09°58′E | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Liguria |
| Province | La Spezia (SP) |
| Frazioni | Marinella di Sarzana, Falcinello, Sarzanello, San Lazzaro |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Cristina Ponzanelli |
| Area | |
| • Total | 34 km2 (13 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 21 m (69 ft) |
| Population (31 December 2016)[2] | |
| • Total | 22,104 |
| • Density | 650/km2 (1,700/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Sarzanesi |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 19038 |
| Dialing code | 0187 |
| Patron saint | St. Andrew |
| Saint day | 30 November |
| Website | Official website |
The position of Sarzana, at the entrance to the valley of the Magra (ancient Macra), the boundary between Etruria and Liguria in Roman times, gave it military importance in the Middle Ages. The first mention of the city is found in 983 in a diploma of Otto I; in 1202 the episcopal see was transferred from the ancient Luni, 5 kilometres (3 mi) southeast, to Sarzana.[4]
Sarzana, owing to its position, changed masters more than once, belonging first to Pisa, then to Florence, then to the Banco di S. Giorgio of Genoa and from 1572 to dogal Genoa itself.[4]
A fortress to protect the town stood since at least the tenth century; it was built in its current shape under orders from Lorenzo de' Medici. In 1814 it was assigned to the Kingdom of Sardinia, the frontier between Liguria and Tuscany being now made to run between it and Carrara.[4]
In 1921 Sarzana was the scene of fights (Fatti di Sarzana) between the population and Mussolini's Fascist squads. During them, a small group of Carabinieri and, later, simple citizens opposed and pushed back some 300 armed Fascists who had come to devastate the town, resulting in 18 dead and about 30 injured.[5]
During the German occupation of Italy in World War II, Sarzana was a centre of partisan resistance.[6]
The Diocese of Sarzana was established on 4 August 1975, on territory reassigned from the suppressed Roman Catholic Diocese of Luni–Sarzana. It was immediately joined in personal union (aeque principaliter) with the bishopric of Brugnato and diocese of La Spezia from 4 August 1975 until their merger on 30 September 1986.
On 30 September 1986 it was suppressed, its territory and titles being merged into the Diocese of La Spezia–Sarzana–Brugnato, to which the bishop was appointed.
Its only incumbent as suffragan Bishop of Sarzana was
Sarzana is twinned with:
Villefranche-de-Rouergue, France
Eger, HungaryThe Köppen climate classification subtype for this climate is "Csa" (Mediterranean climate).[7] The annual average temperature is 15.42 °C (59.8 °F), the hottest month in August is 24.23 °C (75.6 °F), and the coldest month is 7.72 °C (45.9 °F) in January. The annual precipitation is 950.01 millimetres (37.40 in), of which November is the wettest with 136.73 millimetres (5.38 in), while July is the driest with only 21.45 millimetres (0.84 in).
| Climate data for Sarzana (1991–2020, extremes 1970–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 18.4 (65.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
24.0 (75.2) |
26.2 (79.2) |
32.4 (90.3) |
37.0 (98.6) |
36.6 (97.9) |
38.2 (100.8) |
34.2 (93.6) |
29.4 (84.9) |
24.4 (75.9) |
19.2 (66.6) |
38.2 (100.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 11.3 (52.3) |
12.1 (53.8) |
15.0 (59.0) |
18.0 (64.4) |
22.2 (72.0) |
26.2 (79.2) |
29.0 (84.2) |
29.5 (85.1) |
25.3 (77.5) |
20.5 (68.9) |
15.8 (60.4) |
12.4 (54.3) |
19.8 (67.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.7 (45.9) |
8.0 (46.4) |
10.7 (51.3) |
13.6 (56.5) |
17.6 (63.7) |
21.3 (70.3) |
23.9 (75.0) |
24.2 (75.6) |
20.3 (68.5) |
16.5 (61.7) |
12.3 (54.1) |
8.9 (48.0) |
15.4 (59.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 4.0 (39.2) |
4.0 (39.2) |
6.5 (43.7) |
9.2 (48.6) |
13.0 (55.4) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.8 (65.8) |
19.0 (66.2) |
15.4 (59.7) |
12.4 (54.3) |
8.7 (47.7) |
5.2 (41.4) |
11.1 (52.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −9.0 (15.8) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
3.8 (38.8) |
7.8 (46.0) |
10.4 (50.7) |
7.6 (45.7) |
6.0 (42.8) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 80.3 (3.16) |
72.1 (2.84) |
79.4 (3.13) |
75.0 (2.95) |
57.2 (2.25) |
52.9 (2.08) |
21.5 (0.85) |
34.0 (1.34) |
98.0 (3.86) |
134.0 (5.28) |
136.7 (5.38) |
109.3 (4.30) |
950.01 (37.40) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6.97 | 6.33 | 6.82 | 6.59 | 5.57 | 4.75 | 2.14 | 3.19 | 5.86 | 9.00 | 9.34 | 9.30 | 75.86 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 71.8 | 70.2 | 68.7 | 68.8 | 68.5 | 68.7 | 66.8 | 67.2 | 69.1 | 73.9 | 74.6 | 72.8 | 70.1 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 1.3 (34.3) |
1.2 (34.2) |
3.4 (38.1) |
6.2 (43.2) |
10.6 (51.1) |
13.9 (57.0) |
16.1 (61.0) |
16.3 (61.3) |
13.3 (55.9) |
10.8 (51.4) |
6.3 (43.3) |
2.5 (36.5) |
8.5 (47.3) |
| Source 1: NOAA (Dew Point 1981-2010)[8][9] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Servizio Meteorologico[10][11] | |||||||||||||
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