Sarin
Chemical compound and chemical warfare nerve agent / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Sarin (NATO designation GB [short for G-series, "B"]) is an extremely toxic organophosphorus compound.[4] A colourless, odourless liquid, it is used as a chemical weapon due to its extreme potency as a nerve agent. Exposure can be lethal even at very low concentrations, where death can occur within one to ten minutes after direct inhalation of a lethal dose,[5][6] due to suffocation from respiratory paralysis, unless antidotes are quickly administered.[4] People who absorb a non-lethal dose and do not receive immediate medical treatment may suffer permanent neurological damage.[citation needed]
Names | |
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Pronunciation | /ˈsɑːrɪn/ |
Preferred IUPAC name
Propan-2-yl methylphosphonofluoridate | |
Other names
(RS)-O-Isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate; IMPF; GB;[2] 2-(Fluoro-methylphosphoryl)oxypropane; Phosphonofluoridic acid, P-methyl-, 1-methylethyl ester EA-1208 TL-1618 T-144 | |
Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol) |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
C4H10FO2P | |
Molar mass | 140.094 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Clear colourless liquid, brownish if impure |
Odor | Odourless in pure form. Impure sarin can smell like mustard or burned rubber. |
Density | 1.0887 g/cm3 (25 °C) 1.102 g/cm3 (20 °C) |
Melting point | −56 °C (−69 °F; 217 K) |
Boiling point | 158 °C (316 °F; 431 K) |
Miscible | |
log P | 0.30 |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Extremely lethal cholinergic agent. |
GHS labelling: | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Threshold limit value (TLV) |
0.00003 mg/m3 (TWA), 0.0001 mg/m3 (STEL) |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
39 μg/kg (intravenous, rat)[3] |
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
0.1 mg/m3 |
Safety data sheet (SDS) | Lethal Nerve Agent Sarin (GB) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Sarin is widely considered a weapon of mass destruction. Production and stockpiling of sarin was outlawed as of April 1997 by the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993, and it is classified as a Schedule 1 substance.