Pupilla is a genus of minute air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Pupillinae of the family Pupillidae.[2]
Quick Facts Scientific classification, Type species ...
Pupilla
Temporal range: Oligocene–Holocene |
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| A right side view of a live Pupilla muscorum |
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| Six shells of Pupilla muscorum, scale bar in mm |
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Scientific classification  |
| Domain: |
Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: |
Animalia |
| Phylum: |
Mollusca |
| Class: |
Gastropoda |
| Order: |
Stylommatophora |
| Superfamily: |
Pupilloidea |
| Family: |
Pupillidae |
| Subfamily: |
Pupillinae |
| Genus: |
Pupilla
Fleming, 1828[1] |
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| Type species |
Pupa marginata Draparnaud, 1801
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| Synonyms |
- Glischrus (Pupa) Draparnaud, 1801
- † Paracoryna Flach, 1890 (junior synonym)
- Pupa Draparnaud, 1801 (invalid: junior homonym of Pupa Röding, 1798)
- Pupa (Pupilla) J. Fleming, 1828
- Pupilla (Afripupilla) Pilsbry, 1921· accepted, alternate representation
- Pupilla (Fragipupilla) Schileyko, 1984· accepted, alternate representation
- Pupilla (Pupilla) J. Fleming, 1828· accepted, alternate representation
- Pupilla (Striopupilla) Pilsbry, 1921· accepted, alternate representation
- Sphyradium (Pupa) Draparnaud, 1801
- Torquatella Held, 1838 (junior synonym)
- Vertigo (Pupa) Draparnaud, 1801 (unaccepted combination)
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Close
Shells of Pupilla species are known from terrestrial Cenozoic strata dating back to the Oligocene until the Holocene period.[3]
This genus occurs in Eurasia, northern Africa and North America.[4]
Species within the genus Pupilla include:
- † Pupilla aeoli (Hilber, 1884)
- Pupilla afghanicum Solem, 1979
- Pupilla alabiella Schileyko, 1984
- Pupilla alaskensis Nekola & Coles, 2014
- † Pupilla almuhambetovae Prysjazhnjuk, 2017
- Pupilla alpicola (Charpentier, 1837)[4]
- Pupilla annandalei Pilsbry[5]
- Pupilla anzobica Izzatullaev, 1970
- Pupilla armeniaca (Issel, 1865)
- † Pupilla bargi Prysiazhniuk, 2017
- † Pupilla belokrysi Steklov, 1966
- Pupilla bigranata (Rossmässler 1839)[4] (taxon inquirendum)
- Pupilla bipatulata Akramowski, 1943
- † Pupilla bituberculata H.-J. Wang & S.-Y. Guo, 1991
- † Pupilla blainvilleana (Dupuy, 1850)
- Pupilla blandii E. S. Morse, 1865 – Rocky Mountain column
- † Pupilla bogdanovkaense Prysiazhniuk, 2017
- Pupilla brevicostis (Benson, 1849)
- Pupilla calacharicus (Boettger, 1886) [citation needed]
- † Pupilla capitani (de Morgan, 1920)
- † Pupilla crossei (Michaud, 1862)
- † Pupilla cupella O. Boettger, 1889
- † Pupilla diezi (Flach, 1890)
- Pupilla diopsis (Benson, 1863)
- Pupilla duplicata (Preston, 1911)
- Pupilla ficulnea (Tate, 1894)[6]
- Pupilla gallae Tzvetkov, 1940
- Pupilla goniodon Pilsbry, 1927
- Pupilla guadalupensis Pilsbry, 1927
- Pupilla gutta (Benson, 1864)
- Pupilla hebes (Ancey 1881) – crestless column
- Pupilla hokkaidoensis Nekola, Coles & S. Chiba, 2014
- Pupilla hudsoniana Nekola & Coles, 2014
- Pupilla iheringi Suter, 1900
- † Pupilla impressa (F. Sandberger, 1862)
- Pupilla inequidenta Schileyko & Almuhambetova, 1979
- † Pupilla inermis Russell, 1931
- Pupilla inops (Reinhardt, 1877)
- † Pupilla iratiana (Dupuy, 1850)
- Pupilla khunjerabica Pokryszko, Auffenberg, Hlaváč & Naggs, 2009[5]
- Pupilla kyrostriata Walther & Hausdorf, 2014
- Pupilla limata Schileyko, 1984
- Pupilla loessica Ložek, 1954[7]
- † Pupilla michaudi Wenz, 1919
- † Pupilla mlomnickii (Friedberg, 1905)
- Pupilla muscorum (Linnaeus, 1758)[4] – widespread column – type species
- † Pupilla mutabilis Steklov, 1966
- Pupilla obliquicosta Smith, 1892 – extinct[8]
- Pupilla paraturcmenica Pokryszko, Auffenberg, Hlaváč & Naggs, 2009[5]
- † Pupilla parvula (Deshayes, 1863)
- † Pupilla perlabiata Gottschick & Wenz, 1919
- † Pupilla poltavica O. Boettger, 1889
- Pupilla profundotuberculata H.-J. Wang & S.-Y. Guo, 1991
- Pupilla pupula[9]
- Pupilla quxuensis D.-N. Chen & G.-Q. Zhang, 2001
- † Pupilla retusa (F. Sandberger, 1858)
- † Pupilla roberti Prysiazhniuk, 2017
- Pupilla salemensis (W. T. Blanford & H. F. Blanford, 1861)
- Pupilla satparanica Pokryszko, Auffenberg, Hlaváč & Naggs, 2009[5]
- † Pupilla selecta (Thomä, 1845)
- † Pupilla selectiformis (Simionescu & Barbu, 1940)
- Pupilla seriola (Benson, 1861)
- † Pupilla shantungensis Yen, 1969
- Pupilla simplexa Y.-T. Li, 1985
- Pupilla sonorana (Sterki, 1899) – three-tooth column
- † Pupilla staszicii (Łomnicki, 1886)
- † Pupilla steinheimensis (K. Miller, 1900)
- Pupilla sterkiana (Pilsbry, 1890)
- Pupilla sterrii (Forster & Voith, 1840)[4]
- Pupilla striopolita Schileyko, 1984
- † Pupilla subquadridens (A. d'Orbigny, 1852)
- Pupilla syngenes (Pilsbry, 1890) – top-heavy column
- Pupilla tetrodus (Boettger, 1870)
- Pupilla triplicata (Studer, 1820)[4]
- † Pupilla triplicatoidea Steklov, 1966
- † Pupilla tschumakovi Prysjazhnjuk, 2017
- Pupilla turcmenica (O. Boettger)[5]
- † Pupilla zeisslerae Schlickum, 1975
- Pupilla ziaratana Pokryszko, Auffenberg, Hlaváč & Naggs, 2009[5]
- Pupilla barrackporensis Gude, 1914: synonym of Insulipupa malayana (Issel, 1874) (junior synonym)
- Pupilla cinghalensis Gude, 1914: synonym of Indopupa cinghalensis (Gude, 1914) (original combination)
- Pupilla cryptodon (Heude, 1880): synonym of Gibbulinopsis cryptodon (Heude, 1880) (unaccepted combination)
- Pupilla cupa (Jan 1832): synonym of Pupilla muscorum (Linnaeus, 1758) (junior synonym)
- Pupilla draparnaudi Leach [in Turton], 1831: synonym of Lauria cylindracea (Da Costa, 1778)
- Pupilla floridana Dall, 1885: synonym of Gastrocopta pentodon (Say, 1822) (junior synonym)
- Pupilla fontana (Krauss, 1848): synonym of Gibbulinopsis fontana (F. Krauss, 1848) (superseded combination)
- Pupilla gracilis Izzatullaev, 1970: synonym of Gibbulinopsis gracilis (Izzatullaev, 1970) (original combination)
- Pupilla hudsonianum [sic]: synonym of Pupilla hudsoniana Nekola & Coles, 2014 (wrong gender agreement of specific epithet)
- Pupilla muscerda (Benson, 1853): synonym of Microstele muscerda (Benson, 1853) (unaccepted combination)
- Pupilla pratensis (Clessin, 1871):[4] synonym of Pupilla alpicola (Charpentier, 1837) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- † Pupilla quadrigranata (F. Sandberger, 1858): synonym of † Pupilla selecta (Thomä, 1845) (junior synonym)
- Pupilla reibischi Dall & Ochsner, 1928: synonym of Gastrocopta reibischi (Dall & Ochsner, 1928) (original name)
- Pupilla salmensis (W. T. Blanford & H. F. Blanford, 1861): synonym of Pupilla salemensis (W. T. Blanford & H. F. Blanford, 1861) (misspelling of original name.)
- Pupilla signata (Mousson, 1873):[5] synonym of Gibbulinopsis signata (Mousson, 1873)
- Pupilla stoneri Chamberlin & Jones, 1929: synonym of Gastrocopta pilsbryana (Sterki, 1890)
- † Pupilla submuscorum Gottschick & Wenz, 1919: synonym of † Gibbulinopsis submuscorum (Gottschick & Wenz, 1919)
- Pupilla wolfae Tzvetkov, 1940: synonym of Pupilla sterrii (Voith, 1840) (junior synonym)
Fleming J. (1828). A history of British animals, exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematic arrangement of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, Mollusca, and Radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigenous, extirpated, and extinct kinds, together with periodical and occasional visitants. pp. i–xxxii [= 1–23], 1–565, [1]. Edinburgh. (Bell & Bradfute).
(in Czech) Ivanov M., Hrdličková, S. & Gregorová, R. (2001). Encyklopedie zkamenělin. Rebo Productions, Dobřejovice, 1. vydání, 312 pp., page 125.
Pokryszko B. M., Auffenberg K., Hlaváč J. Č. & Naggs F. (2009). "Pupilloidea of Pakistan (Gastropoda: Pulmonata): Truncatellininae, Vertigininae, Gastrocoptinae, Pupillinae (In Part)". Annales Zoologici 59(4): 423–458. doi:10.3161/000345409X484847. (in Czech) Ložek V. (1954). "Noví měkkýši československého pleistocénu (Neue Mollusken aus dem tschechoslowakischen Pleistozän). Vertigo pseudosubstriata sp. n., Pupilla muscorum densegyrata ssp. n. a Pupilla loessica sp. n." Anthropozoikum 3(1953): 327–342, Tab. 1.
- Flach, K. (1890). Palaeontologische Beiträge. Verhandlungen der Physikalisch-Medicinischen Gesellschaft zu Würzburg, Neue Folge. 24(3): 49–59, pl. 1.
- Schileyko, A. A. (1984). Nazemnye molljuski podotrjada Pupillina fauny SSSR (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Geophila). In:. Fauna SSSR, Molljuski. III, 3
- Held, F. (1837–1838). Notizen über die Weichthiere Bayerns. Isis (Oken), 30 (4): 303–309 (1837); 30 (12): 901–919 (1838). Leipzig
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Pupilla.
- Draparnaud, J. P. R. (1801). Tableau des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de la France. Montpellier / Paris (Renaud / Bossange, Masson & Besson). 1–116
- Pilsbry, H. A. (1920–1921). Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Ser. 2, Pulmonata. Vol. 26: Pupillidae (Vertigininae, Pupillinae). pp i–iv, 1–254, pls 1–24. Philadelphia, published by the Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences
- Held, F. (1837–1838). Notizen über die Weichthiere Bayerns. Isis (Oken), 30 (4): 303–309 (1837); 30 (12): 901–919 (1838). Leipzig
- Dall, W. H. (1904). Notes on the nomenclature of the Pupacea and associated forms. The Nautilus. 17(10): 114–116
- Cockerell, T. D. A. (1905). Note on the nomenclature of the snails usually called Pupa. The Nautilus. 18(9): 103–105
