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Indo-Aryan language spoken in Afghanistan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pashayi or Pashai (پشه اې ژبه) is a group of Indo-Aryan languages spoken by the Pashai people in parts of Kapisa, Laghman, Nangarhar, Nuristan, Kunar and Kabul (Surobi District) provinces in Northeastern Afghanistan.[2]
Pashayi | |
---|---|
Pashai | |
زبان پشهای Zabân Pašhây | |
![]() Pashayi in Nastaliq | |
Native to | Afghanistan |
Ethnicity | Pashayi people |
Native speakers | 400,000 (2000–2011)[1] |
Persian alphabet | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | Variously:aee – Northeasternglh – Northwesternpsi – Southeasternpsh – Southwestern |
Glottolog | pash1270 |
Linguasphere | 59-AAA-a |
![]() Linguistic map of Afghanistan; Pashayi is spoken in the purple area in the east. |
The Pashayi languages had no known written form prior to 2003.[3] There are four mutually unintelligible varieties, with only about a 30% lexical similarity:[1]
A grammar of the language was written as a doctoral dissertation in 2014.[4]
Labial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Palato- alveolar |
Retroflex | Dorsal | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɳ | ŋ | |||
Plosive | voiceless | p | t̪ | ʈ | k | ||
voiced | b | d̪ | ɖ | ɡ | |||
Affricate | voiceless | t͡ʃ | |||||
voiced | d͡ʒ | ||||||
Fricative | voiceless | s | ʃ | (ʂ) | x | (h) | |
voiced | z | ʒ | (ʐ) | ɣ | |||
lateral | ɬ | ||||||
Rhotic | tap | ɾ | ɽ | ||||
trill | r | ||||||
Approximant | lateral | l | |||||
central | ʋ ~ w | j |
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