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Family of Trans–New Guinea languages From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Paniai Lakes languages, also known as the Wissel Lakes or Wissel Lakes – Kemandoga River, are a small family of closely related Trans–New Guinea languages spoken in the Paniai Lakes region of the highlands of Western New Guinea in the Paniai Lakes region of Papua. Foley (2003) considers their Trans–New Guinea status to be established.
Paniai Lakes | |
---|---|
Wissel Lakes | |
Geographic distribution | Paniai Lakes and highlands of Papua, Western New Guinea |
Linguistic classification | Trans–New Guinea
|
Glottolog | pani1259 |
The languages are:[1]
They are most closely related to the Dani languages, Amung and Dem.[1]
Independent pronouns and possessive prefixes are:
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
1 | *ani, *na- | *ina | *ini, *ni- |
2 | *aka, *ka- | *ika | *iki |
3 | *oka, *e- |
The following basic vocabulary words are from Larson & Larson (1972)[2] and Voorhoeve (1975),[3] as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database.[4]
The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. homa, huma for “stone”) or not (e.g. bodiya, usa for “fire”).
gloss | Ekari (Paniai Lake dialect) | Ekari | Moni (Kemandoga dialect) | Moni | Wolani (Upper Mbijandoga dialect) | Wolani |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
head | migo | muŋagi | moto | |||
hair | iyo | mbagu | elo | |||
eye | peka | seŋgamu | ||||
nose | juma | jange | juma | |||
tooth | egó | ego | baga | baga | hego | hego |
tongue | etá | dabe | debegada | |||
leg | bado | bado | ||||
louse | uka | uka | amu | amu | uka | uka |
dog | dodi | home | kawino | |||
pig | ekina | wogo | iŋgina | |||
bird | bedo | bedo | beka | bega | bido | bido |
egg | nipo | ŋgeda | ||||
blood | emo | emo | eka | ega | emo | emo |
bone | mitoo | mitoo | iwa | iwa | mitoo | mitoo |
skin | kadó | kado | ada | ada | ebada | ebada |
breast | ama | ama | ama | |||
tree | pija | piya | bo | bo | pija | piya |
man | jame | yame | aka | me | me | me |
sun | meuka; tani | tani | emondani | emondani | dame | dame |
moon | agoo | tinawi | agoo | |||
water | uwo | uwo | du | du | uwo | uwo |
fire | bodija | bodiya | usa | usa | bida | bida |
stone | mogo | mogo | homa | ŋeda | huma | huma |
road, path | itá | kejako | hindá | |||
name | eka | eka | eje | eze | ekada | ekada |
eat | nai | nai | nuija | nuya | nona | nona |
one | ena; kate | ena; kato | hako | hago | naa | naa |
two | wijá | wiya | hija | hiya | wijá | wiya |
Paniai Lakes reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:[5]
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