PZL-130 Orlik

The PZL 130 Orlik (English: Eaglet) is a Polish turboprop, single engine, two seat trainer aircraft.

PZL-130 Orlik
A PZL-130 of Orlik Aerobatic Team over Royal International Air Tattoo 2014
General information
Type	trainer
National origin	Poland
Manufacturer	Airbus Poland SA
Primary user	Polish Air Force
Number built	50 + 9 prototypes
History
Introduction date	1994
First flight	24 October 1984

Development and design

The Orlik was designed by PZL Warszawa-Okecie as a trainer for the Polish Air Force, intended as a replacement for its PZL-110 Kolibers. It was also designed to meet the US FAR 23 standard. The project was under the supervision of Andrzej Frydrychewicz, head engineer of PZL Warszawa-Okecie. It was fitted with a low-aspect ratio wing to better simulate the handling characteristics of jet fighters.^[1] The aircraft was designed to be powered by a Soviet-designed and built Vedeneyev M14Pm radial engine with the intention of replacing it by a modified Polish built Ivchenko AI-14 engine in production aircraft.^[2] The first prototype Orlik flew on 12 October 1984, with a second prototype following in December and a third in January 1985.^[2]

While the Polish Air Force planned to power its Orliks with locally produced radial engines, PZL planned a turboprop powered version, the PZL-130T Turbo Orlik for export purposes.^[3] The third prototype was therefore re-fitted with a 410 kW (550 shp) Pratt & Whitney PT6A-25P turboprop, flying in this form on 13 July 1986, but was destroyed in a crash in January 1987 while being demonstrated to a representative of the Colombian Air Force.^[4] Two further turboprop prototypes followed in 1989 and 1990, powered by a Czech-built 560 kW (750 shp) Walter M-601E and a PT6A-25 as the PZL-130TB and PZL-130TP respectively.^[5]

In 1990, development of the piston-engined Orlik was abandoned, as the Polish built radial engines gave insufficient power, with Polish interest switching to the M-601 powered PZL-130TB.^[5]

Operational history

Deliveries of PZL-130TBs to Poland started in 1994, with the aircraft equipping the Military Pilot Academy at Dęblin and the 60th Training Air Regiment at Radom. All Polish PZL-130TBs were upgraded to the TC-1 standard type, with better ejection seats and avionics.^[6]

Variants

PZL 130 TC-1

PZL-130 TC-2

PZL-130 Orlik

The original aircraft with one Vedeneyev M14Pm piston engine

PZL-130T Turbo Orlik

Variant with a Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-25P turboprop engine

PZL-130TM Orlik

Variant with a Walter M601E turboprop engine

PZL-130TB Orlik

Variant with a Walter M601T turboprop engine

PZL-130TC I Orlik

Variant with added Martin-Baker Mk.11, zero-zero class ejection seats and modernized avionics

PZL-130TC II Orlik (Garmin)

Variant with Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-25C turboprop, added winglets, modernized Garmin avionics and changed flight tutor's seat position^[7]

PZL-130TC II Orlik (GC)

Variant with glass cockpit and Head-Up Display, company name is Orlik MPT (Multi Purpose Trainer).^[8]

Operators

 Poland

• Polish Air Force
• Polish Navy – Former operator.

Specifications (PZL-130TC II Orlik)

General characteristics

• Crew: 2
• Length: 9.3 m (30 ft 6 in)
• Wingspan: 10 m (32 ft 10 in)
• Height: 3.53 m (11 ft 7 in)
• Wing area: 14.56 m² (156.7 sq ft)
• Empty weight: 1,825 kg (4,023 lb)
• Gross weight: 2,400 kg (5,291 lb)
• Max takeoff weight: 2,950 kg (6,504 lb)
• Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-25C turboprop, 560 kW (750 shp)

Performance

• Maximum speed: 550 km/h (340 mph, 300 kn)
• Cruise speed: 490 km/h (300 mph, 260 kn)
• Range: 2,200 km (1,400 mi, 1,200 nmi)
• Service ceiling: 10,000 m (33,000 ft)
• Rate of climb: 14.4 m/s (2,830 ft/min)

Armament

• Hardpoints: 6 with a capacity of 700 kg (1,500 lb)

See also

• Poland portal
• Aviation portal

• Orlik Aerobatic Team

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

• Atlas ACE
• Beechcraft T-6 Texan II
• Beechcraft T-34 Mentor
• Embraer EMB 312 Tucano
• Fuji T-7
• KAI KT-1
• Pilatus PC-7
• Pilatus PC-9
• Short Tucano
• Socata TB-31 Omega
• TAI Hürkuş
• Kobac
• HAL HTT-40

Notes

1. Air International October 1985, pp. 167–170.
2. Air International October 1985, p.170.
3. Air International October 1985, p.172.
4. Taylor 1988, pp. 195–196.
5. Lambert 1993, p.246.
6. Taylor 1999, pp. 48–49.
7. Orlik z Garminem 22 September 2010. (in Polish)
8. Prezentacja Orlika MPT. 7 March 2014. (in Polish)

References

• Lambert, Mark. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1993–94. Coulsdon, UK:Jane's Data Division, 1993. ISBN 0-7106-1066-1.
• "Orlik…A Polish Fledgeling". Air International, October 1985, Vol 29 No 4. pp. 167–172. ISSN 0306-5634.
• Taylor, John W. R. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988–89. Coulsdon, UK:Jane's Defence Data, 1988. ISBN 0-7106-0867-5.
• Taylor, Michael J.H. Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory 1999/2000. London: Brassey's, 1999. ISBN 1-85753-245-7.

External links

• List of all PZL-130 trainers used by Polish Air Force