Ostrea

Ostrea is a genus of edible oysters, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Ostreidae, the oysters.

Fossil valves of Ostrea forskali from Pliocene of Italy

Ostrea Temporal range: Permian - Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
A lower valve (the attachment valve) of a shell of Ostrea edulis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Bivalvia
Order:	Ostreida
Superfamily:	Ostreoidea
Family:	Ostreidae
Genus:	Ostrea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Type species
Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758
Species
See text
Synonyms
Anodontostrea Suter, 1917 † Conradostrea Ward & Blackwelder, 1987 Cryptostrea Harry, 1985 Eostrea Ihering, 1907 Lopha (Ostreola) Monterosato, 1884 Monoeciostrea Orton, 1928 (genus name unavailable) Myrakeena Harry, 1985 † Ostracites Picot de Lapeirouse, 1781 Ostraea [sic] (incorrect subsequent spelling by G.B. Sowerby II (1871) and others) Ostrea (Anodontostrea) Suter, 1917 † Ostrea (Bellostrea) Vialov, 1936 · accepted, alternate representation † Ostrea (Turkostrea) Vialov, 1936 · accepted, alternate representation Ostreola Monterosato, 1884 Ostreum da Costa, 1776 (Unjustified emendation) Tiostrea Chanley & Dinamani, 1980 Undulostrea Harry, 1985

Fossil records

This genus is very ancient. It is known in the fossil records from the Permian to the Quaternary (age range: from 259 to 0.0 million years ago). Fossil shells of these molluscs can be found all over the world. Genus Ostrea includes about 150 extinct species.^[1][2]

History

At least one species within this genus, Ostrea lurida, has been recovered in archaeological excavations along the Central California coast of the Pacific Ocean, demonstrating it was a marine taxon exploited by the Native American Chumash people as a food source.^[3]

Species

Species in the genus Ostrea include:^[1][4]

• † Ostrea albertensis Russell & Landes, 1937
• Ostrea algoensis G. B. Sowerby II, 1871
• Ostrea angasi G.B. Sowerby II, 1871
• Ostrea angelica Rochebrune, 1895
• † Ostrea angusta Deshayes, 1824
• † Ostrea anomiaeformis Roemer^[5]
• † Ostrea anomialis Lamarck, 1819
• † Ostrea antarctica Zinsmeister, 1984
• † Ostrea arcula Marwick, 1928
• † Ostrea arenicola Tate, 1886
• Ostrea atherstonei Newton, 1913^[6]
• † Ostrea awajiensis Matsubara, 1998
• † Ostrea beloiti Logan, 1899
• † Ostrea blackensis Stephenson, 1923
• † Ostrea brongniarti Bronn, 1856
• † Ostrea californica Mareon, 1858
• † Ostrea carolinensis Conrad, 1832
• † Ostrea castellobrancoi Maury 1936
• Ostrea chilensis Philippi, 1844
• Ostrea circumpicta Pilsbry, 1904
• † Ostrea compressirostra Say, 1824
• Ostrea conchaphila Carpenter, 1857
• †Ostrea costaricensis †Olsson, 1922
• † Ostrea crenulimarginata Gabb, 1860
• † Ostrea cynthiae Maury, 1912
• † Ostrea democraciana Hodson et al., 1927
• Ostrea denselamellosa （Lischke, 1869
• † Ostrea diluviana Linnaeus, 1767
• †Ostrea dorsalis †Azzaroli, 1958
• Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758- edible oyster or Belon oyster
• † Ostrea edwilsoni Stoyanow, 1949
• † Ostrea eorivularis Oyama & Mizuno, 1958
• Ostrea equestris (Say, 1834)- crested oyster
• † Ostrea erici Hertlein, 1929
• † Ostrea fraasi Mayer-Eymar, 1888
• † Ostrea frondosa de Serres, 1829
• Ostrea futamiensis Seki, 1929
• † Ostrea gajensis Vredenburg, 1928
• †Ostrea gingensis Schlotheim, 1813
• Ostrea golfotristensis †Maury 1912
• † Ostrea haleyi Hertlein, 1933
• † Ostrea hyotidoidea Tate, 1899
• † Ostrea incisa Martin, 1883
• † Ostrea invalida White, 1887
• † Ostrea jogjacartensis Martin, 1914
• † Ostrea khamirensis Cox, 1936
• † Ostrea latimarginata Vredenburg, 1908
• Ostrea libella Weisbord, 1964
• † Ostrea locklini J. Gardner, 1945
• † Ostrea longirostris Lamarck, 1806
• † Ostrea ludensis Deshayes, 1861
• Ostrea lurida Carpenter, 1864
• † Ostrea manubriata Tate, 1887
• † Ostrea marginidentata Wood, 1861
• † Ostrea matercula de Verneuil, 1845
• † Ostrea mauricensis Gabb, 1860
• Ostrea megodon (Hanley, 1846)
• † Ostrea mesenterica Morton, 1834
• †Ostrea messor Maury, 1925
• † Ostrea minbuensis Cotter, 1923
• † Ostrea minerensis Russell & Landes, 1937
• † Ostrea miradorensis Olsson, 1931
• † Ostrea monetalis † Martin, 1931
• Ostrea negritensis Olsson, 1928
• Ostrea neostentina L.-S. Hu, H.-Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, C. Li & X.-M. Guo, 2019
• † Ostrea normalis Gardner, 1926
• † Ostrea pangadiensis Hislop, 1859
• † Ostrea paracasensis Rivera, 1957
• † Ostrea parasitica Gmelin, 1791 (nomen dubium)
• † Ostrea paroxis Lesueur, 1829
• † O. parrensis Vega et al., 1999
• Ostrea pejerreyensis Rivera, 1957
• Ostrea permollis G. B. Sowerby II, 1871
• † Ostrea petrosa Fuchs, 1879
• † Ostrea peytoni Richards, 1947
• † Ostrea pileosimilis Martin, 1931
• † Ostrea portoricoensis Hubbard, 1920
• † Ostrea princeps Woods, 1850
• † Ostrea procyonis Maury, 1924
• † Ostrea prona Wood, 1861
• † Ostrea protoimbricata Vredenburg, 1928
• † Ostrea pseudocrassissima Fuchs, 1878
• † Ostrea pseudodigitalina Fuchs, 1879
• † Ostrea pseudorissensisVredenburg, 1928
• Ostrea puelchana d'Orbigny, 1842
• † Ostrea pulaskensis Harris, 1892
• † Ostrea raveneliana Tuomey & Holmes, 1855
• † Ostrea resupinata Deshayes, 1858
• Ostrea retusa J.C. Sowerby, 1836 (taxon inquirendum, preoccupied by Ostrea retusa O. F. Müller, 1776)
• †Ostrea russelli Russell & Landes, 1937
• † Ostrea samanensis Olsson, 1928
• † Ostrea saxitoniana †McLearn, 1929
• † Ostrea sculpturata Conrad, 1840
• † Ostrea seymourensis Zinsmeister, 1984
• † Ostrea soleniscus Meek, 1893
• Ostrea stentina Payraudeau, 1826
• † Ostrea sturtiana Tate, 1886
• † Ostrea subangulata d'Orbigny, 1852
• † Ostrea submissa Deshayes, 1864
• † Ostrea subradiosa Bohm, 1926
• † Ostrea tacalensis Hodson et al., 1927
• † Ostrea tatei Suter, 1913
• † Ostrea tayloriana Gabb, 1866
• † Ostrea thalassoklusta Maury, 1912
• † Ostrea turkestanensis Romanovski, 1880
• † Ostrea uncinta Lamarck, 1806
• † Ostrea ungulata Nyst, 1843
• † Ostrea ventilabrum Goldfuss, 1826
• † Ostrea vestita Fuchs, 1883
• † Ostrea waitangiensis Marwick, 1928
• † Ostrea wiedenmayeri Hodson et al., 1927

Synonyms

• † Ostrea angulata Sowerby, 1840: synonym of Crassostrea angulata (Lamarck, 1819) accepted as Magallana angulata (Lamarck, 1819)
• Ostrea aupouria Dinamani, 1981: synonym of Ostrea equestris Say, 1834
• Ostrea bicolor †Hanley, 1854: synonym of Crassostrea tulipa (Lamarck, 1819)
• † Ostrea cochlear Poli, 1795: synonym of Neopycnodonte cochlear (Poli, 1795)
• † Ostrea cristata Born, 1778: synonym of Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758 (misapplication)
• † Ostrea cubitus Deshayes, 1832: synonym of † Cubitostrea cubitus (Deshayes, 1832) (original combination)
• † Ostrea cumingiana Dunker, 1846: synonym of Alectryonella plicatula (Gmelin, 1791)
• Ostrea flavicans Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Semipallium flavicans (Linnaeus, 1758)
• † Ostrea forskali Chemnitz, 1785: synonym of Ostrea forskahlii Gmelin, 1791 : synonym of Saccostrea cuccullata (Born, 1778)
• Ostrea glabra Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Flexopecten glaber (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ostrea hippopus Tate, 1886: synonym of Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758
• † Ostrea imbricata Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Hyotissa inermis (G. B. Sowerby II, 1871)
• Ostrea iridescens Hanley, 1854: synonym of Striostrea prismatica (Gray, 1825)
• † Ostrea lutaria Hutton, 1873: synonym of Ostrea chilensis Küster, 1844
• Ostrea maculosa Forskål, 1775: synonym of Gloripallium maculosum (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
• Ostrea minuta Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Haumea minuta (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ostrea obliterata Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Dentamussium obliteratum (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ostrea pellucens Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Caribachlamys pellucens (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ostrea pesfelis Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Manupecten pesfelis (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ostrea plicatula Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Alectryonella plicatula (Gmelin, 1791)
• Ostrea radula Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Decatopecten radula (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ostrea sanguinea Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Mimachlamys sanguinea (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ostrea striatula Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Annachlamys striatula (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ostrea superficialis Forskål, 1775: synonym of Laevichlamys superficialis (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
• Ostrea tridacnaeformis Cox, 1927: synonym of Nicaisolopha tridacnaeformis (Cox, 1927)
• † Ostrea wollastoni Finlay, 1927: synonym of † Flemingostrea wollastoni (Finlay, 1927)

See also

• Shellfish

References

1. Fossilworks
2. J.D. Dana (1996)
3. C.M. Hogan, 2008
4. WoRMS
5. Roemer, F. (1849). Texas : mit besonderer Rücksicht auf deutsche Auswanderung und die physischen Verhältnisse des Landes nach eigener Beobachtung. A. Marcus.
6. "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Ostrea atherstonei Newton, 1913". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 20 October 2021.

• Vialov O. (1936). Sur la classification des huîtres. Comptes Rendus (Doklady) de l'Académie des Sciences de l'URSS. ser. 2, 4(1): 17-20
• James Dwight Dana (1996) Manual of Geology: Treating of the Principles of the Science with Special Reference to American Geological History, American Book Co., 1088 pages
• C.Michael Hogan (2008) Morro Creek, The Megalithic Portal, ed. by A. Burnham
• Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp

External links

• Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae
• Harry, H.W. (1985). Synopsis of the supraspecific classification of living oysters (Bivalvia: Gryphaeidae and Ostreidae. The Veliger. 28(2): 121-158
• Orton J.H. (1928). The dominant species of Ostrea. Nature. 121 (3044): 320-321
• Ward, L.W. & Blackwelder, B.W. (1987). Late Pliocene and early Pleistocene Mollusca from the James City and Chowan River Formations at the Lee Creek Mine. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 61: 113-283
• Archer, T. C. (1860). On a species of Ostrea taken from the copper sheathing on the bottom of a vessel in the Liverpool Graving Docks. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Ser. 3, 5: 404-405
• '._('Print page').'Mineralienatlas - Fossilienatlas: Ostrea