Orographic lift
Air mass forced upwards as it moves over rising terrain / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Orographic lift occurs when an air mass is forced from a low elevation to a higher elevation as it moves over rising terrain.[1]: 162 As the air mass gains altitude it quickly cools down adiabatically, which can raise the relative humidity to 100% and create clouds and, under the right conditions, precipitation.[1]: 472
Orographic lifting can have a number of effects, including precipitation, rain shadowing, leeward winds, and associated clouds.