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Neuromuscular disease
Medical condition / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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A neuromuscular disease is any disease affecting the peripheral nervous system (PNS),[lower-alpha 1] the neuromuscular junctions, or skeletal muscles, all of which are components of the motor unit.[4] Damage to any of these structures can cause muscle atrophy and weakness. Issues with sensation can also occur.
Neuromuscular disease | |
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Congenital nemaline myopathy (neuromuscular disorder) | |
Specialty | Neurology, neuromuscular medicine, physical medicine and rehabilitation |
Causes | Autoimmune disorders,[1] genetic disorders,[2] environmental factors[3] |
Diagnostic method | Muscle electrophysiology tests, genetic testing |
Treatment | Depends on the disorder; many currently have no cure[2] |
Neuromuscular diseases can be acquired or genetic. Mutations of more than 650 genes have shown to be causes of neuromuscular diseases.[5][6][7] Other causes include nerve or muscle degeneration, autoimmunity, toxins, medications, malnutrition, metabolic derangements, hormone imbalances, infection, nerve compression/entrapment, comprised blood supply, and trauma.[8]