Missal of Silos

The Missal of Silos is the oldest known document on paper (as opposed to parchment) created in Europe; it dates to before 1080 AD.^[1] The manuscript was written on quarto; it comprises 157 folios, of which folios 1 to 37 are on paper and the rest are on parchment.^[2] Strictly speaking, it is not a missal: It has been described as a breviary-missal.^[3] It can also be described as a Liber Mysticus or Breviarum gothicum.

The missal is "Codex 6" held in the library of the Monastery of Santo Domingo de Silos near Burgos, Spain. It is one of a number of liturgical manuscripts of the Mozarabic rite which have been preserved in the Silos library, despite the suppression of the rite in 1080 by Pope Gregory VII. The codex is named after its current location in Silos, but it was not made at the Silos monastery's scriptorium; it was made at the monastery of Santa María la Real of Nájera. The paper for the missal is believed to have been manufactured in Al-Andalus, even though Nájera was in Christian territory at the time the document was created.

In 2013, the manuscript was inspected by Umberto Eco, who had referred to Silos in his 1980 novel The Name of the Rose.^[3] Eco's visit was widely reported in the Spanish press.

[1]
Crespo, Carmen; Vinas, Vincente (1984). "The Preservation and Restoration of Paper Records and Books: A RAMP Study with Guidelines" (PDF). United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. p. 3. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
[2]
Vivancos, Miguel C. (2007). Zapke, Susana (ed.). Hispania Vetus: Musical-liturgical manuscripts from Visigothic origins to the Franco-Roman transition. Bilbao: Fundación BBVA. p. 290.
[3]
"La biblioteca del monasterio de Silos hace tangible la ficción de Umberto Eco". Diario de Burgos. 25 May 2013.

Santos, Maria José Azevedo (2007). Catalogue entry and image in Vivancos. Fundacion BBVA. ISBN 9788496515505.
"Mozarabic Rite". Catholic Encyclopedia. see the line-item "Offices and Masses; f)" – source of material, size, and ff number.

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In 2013, the manuscript was inspected by Umberto Eco, who had referred to Silos in his 1980 novel The Name of the Rose.^[3] Eco's visit was widely reported in the Spanish press.

[1]
Crespo, Carmen; Vinas, Vincente (1984). "The Preservation and Restoration of Paper Records and Books: A RAMP Study with Guidelines" (PDF). United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. p. 3. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
[2]
Vivancos, Miguel C. (2007). Zapke, Susana (ed.). Hispania Vetus: Musical-liturgical manuscripts from Visigothic origins to the Franco-Roman transition. Bilbao: Fundación BBVA. p. 290.
[3]
"La biblioteca del monasterio de Silos hace tangible la ficción de Umberto Eco". Diario de Burgos. 25 May 2013.

Santos, Maria José Azevedo (2007). Catalogue entry and image in Vivancos. Fundacion BBVA. ISBN 9788496515505.
"Mozarabic Rite". Catholic Encyclopedia. see the line-item "Offices and Masses; f)" – source of material, size, and ff number.

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish. (June 2020) Click [show] for important translation instructions.

View a machine-translated version of the Spanish article.
Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 988 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Wikipedia article at [[:es:Misal de Silos]]; see its history for attribution.
You may also add the template {{Translated|es|Misal de Silos}} to the talk page.
For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

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