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The Martian Piloted Complex or MPK was a Soviet Union human mission to Mars proposed in 1956-62 by Mikhail Tikhonravov.[1][2]
It featured a six-cosmonaut crew on a 900-day mission, with a launch in 1975.[2][3] The craft would have a mass of 1,630 metric tons and employ traditional liquid propellants (LOX/Kerosene).[2] It would take 25 N1 rocket launches to assemble the MPK in low earth orbit.[2]
When complete, it would travel from Earth to Mars on a 270 day Hohmann trajectory and maneuver into Martian orbit.[2] Afterwards, a landing craft would descend to the surface for a one-year expedition.[2] Return to Earth would take 270 days and the re-entry vehicle would weight 15 metric tons.[2]
- Aelita project, a 1969 Soviet project of a human mission to Mars
- Human mission to Mars § Mission proposals
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