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Mansard roof
Four-sided gambrel-style hip roof / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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A mansard or mansard roof (also called French roof or curb roof) is a multi-sided gambrel-style hip roof characterised by two slopes on each of its sides, with the lower slope at a steeper angle than the upper, and often punctured by dormer windows.[1][2][3] The steep roofline and windows allow for additional floors of habitable space[4] (a garret), and reduce the overall height of the roof for a given number of habitable storeys. The upper slope of the roof may not be visible from street level when viewed from close proximity to the building.
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The earliest known example of a mansard roof is credited to Pierre Lescot on part of the Louvre built around 1550. This roof design was popularised in the early 17th century by François Mansart (1598–1666),[5] an accomplished architect of the French Baroque period.[6] It became especially fashionable during the Second French Empire (1852–1870) of Napoléon III.[7] Mansard in Europe (France, Germany and elsewhere) also means the attic or garret space itself, not just the roof shape[8] and is often used in Europe to mean a gambrel roof.