Maitotoxin
Chemical compound / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Not to be confused with mitotoxin.
Maitotoxin (MTX) is an extremely potent biotoxin produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus, a dinoflagellate species. Maitotoxin has been shown to be more than one hundred thousand times as potent as VX nerve agent.[1] Maitotoxin is so potent that it has been demonstrated that an intraperitoneal injection of 130 ng/kg was lethal in mice.[2] Maitotoxin was named from the ciguateric fish Ctenochaetus striatus—called "maito" in Tahiti—from which maitotoxin was isolated for the first time. It was later shown that maitotoxin is actually produced by the dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus.
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Preferred IUPAC name
Disodium (12S,14aR,15aS,16aR,17aS,18Z,110aR,111aS,112aR,113aS,114aR,116R,117R,118aS,119aR,121aS,122aR,123aS,124aR,125aS,126aR,127aS,22S,24aR,25aS,26aR,27aS,28aR,29aS,211R,212R,213aR,214S,214aS,215aR,217aS,218aR,219aS,32R,33R,34aS,36S,37R,38R,38aS,5R,7R,82S,83R,84aS,86R,87R,88R,88aS,92R,93R,94R,94aS,95aS,96aR,97aS,98R,99R,910S,911aR,912aS,913aR,914R,914aR,11S,12R,132S,133R,134S,134aS,135aR,136aS,137aR,138S,138aS,1310S,1311R,1312aR,1313aS,1314aR,1315aS,1317R,1317aR)-12-[(1S,2R,4R,5S)-1,2-dihydroxy-4,5-dimethyloct-7-en-1-yl]-117,211,214,33,37,38,5,7,83,87,88,93,94,98,914,11,12,133,134,138,1311,1317-docosahydroxy-14a,15a,16a,114a,116,119a,121a,122a,25a,27a,29a,214a,217a,1313a,1315a-pentadecamethyl-132-[(2R,3R,4R,7S,8R,9R,11R,13E)-3,8,11,15-tetrahydroxy-4,9,13-trimethyl-12-methylidene-7-(sulfonatooxy)pentadec-13-en-2-yl]-13,14,14a,15a,16,16a,17a,110,110a,111a,112,112a,113a,114,114a,116,117,118,118a,119a,120,121,121a,122a,123,123a,124a,125,125a,126a,127,127a,22,23,24,24a,25a,26,26a,27a,28,28a,29a,210,211,212,213a,214,214a,215a,216,217,217a,218a,219,219a,32,33,34,34a,36,37,38,38a,82,83,84,84a,86,87,88,88a,93,94,94a,95a,96,96a,97a,98,99,910,911a,912,912a,913a,914,914a,133,134,134a,135a,136,136a,137a,138,138a,1310,1311,1312,1312a,1313a,1314,1314a,1315a,1316,1317,1317a-octahectahydro-12H,92H,132H-1(16)-pyrano[2′′′ ′,3′′′ ′:5′′′,6′′′]pyrano[2′′′,3′′′:6′′,7′′]oxepino[2′′,3′′:5′,6′]pyrano[2′,3′:5,6]pyrano[3,2-b]pyrano[2′′′,3′′′:5′′,6′′]pyrano[2′′,3′′:5′,6′]pyrano[2′,3′:5,6]pyrano[2,3-g]oxocina-2(2,12)-bis(pyrano[2′′,3′′:5,6]pyrano[2′,3′:5,6]pyrano)[3,2-b:2′,3′-f]oxepina-13(10)-pyrano[3,2-b]pyrano[2′′′,3′′′:5′′,6′′]pyrano[2′′,3′′:5′,6′]pyrano[2′,3′:5,6]pyrano[2,3-f]oxepina-9(2,10)-dipyrano[2,3-e:2′,3′-e′]pyrano[3,2-b:5,6-b′]dipyrana-3,8(2,6)-bis(pyrano[3,2-b]pyrana)tridecaphan-99-yl sulfate | |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.227.039 |
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Properties | |
C164H256O68S2Na2 | |
Molar mass | 3422 g/mol |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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