Magnesium gluconate

Magnesium gluconate is a compound with formula MgC₁₂H₂₂O₁₄. It is the magnesium salt of gluconic acid.

Magnesium gluconate

Names
IUPAC name Magnesium bis[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate]
Identifiers
CAS Number	3632-91-5 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEMBL	ChEMBL2107145
ChemSpider	9593457
ECHA InfoCard	100.020.772
E number	E580 (acidity regulators, ...)
PubChem CID	11418570
UNII	TH52F4317B Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID50890579
InChI InChI=1S/2C6H12O7.Mg/c2*7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;/h2*2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);/q;;+2/p-2/t2*2-,3-,4+,5-;/m11./s1
SMILES [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
Properties
Chemical formula	C12H22MgO14
Molar mass	414.599 g·mol−1
Pharmacology
ATC code	A12CC03 (WHO)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

According to one study, magnesium gluconate showed the highest level of bioavailability of any magnesium salt which implies its viability as a supplement, although of the 10 salts studied, all increased magnesium levels significantly.^[1] This study did not include magnesium glycinate, which is one of the most bioavailable forms of magnesium.^{[citation needed]}

It has E number "E580".

Use in medicine

There are data on the pharmacological properties of magnesium gluconate. Gluconic acid is the initial substrate for the reactions of pentose phosphate path of oxidation of glucose, so it was suggested that it may affect the energy metabolism of mitochondria.^{[citation needed]} In Ukraine, magnesium gluconate, together with potassium gluconate in the drug Rhythmocor is used to treat heart disease. Pilot studies have shown efficacy in various cardiac arrhythmia.^[2] Whether these effects are from the influence of gluconic acid on the metabolism of the heart or from the influence of magnesium and potassium on osmotic pressure is unknown.

References

1. Coudray, C; Rambeau, M; Feillet-Coudray, C; Gueux, E; Tressol, JC; Mazur, A; Rayssiguier, Y (2005). "Study of magnesium bioavailability from ten organic and inorganic Mg salts in Mg-depleted rats using a stable isotope approach". Magnesium Research. 18 (4): 215–23. PMID 16548135.
2. Gromova, O. A.; Torshin, I. Y.; Kalacheva, A. G.; Grishina, T. R. (2016). "On Synergism of Potassium and Magnesium in Maintenance of Myocardial Function". Kardiologiia. 56 (3): 73–80. doi:10.18565/cardio.2016.3.73-80. PMID 28294893.