Interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MX2 gene.[3][4][5]
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The protein encoded by this gene has a nuclear and a cytoplasmic form and is a member of both the dynamin family and the family of large GTPases. The nuclear form is localized in a granular pattern in the heterochromatin region beneath the nuclear envelope. A nuclear localization signal (NLS) is present at the amino terminal end of the nuclear form but is lacking in the cytoplasmic form due to use of an alternate translation start codon.
This protein is upregulated by interferon-alpha but does not contain the antiviral activity of a similar myxovirus resistance protein 1.[5]
MX2/MXB has antiviral activity against HIV-1.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] MXB is also a restriction factor for herpesviruses, which acts at a very early stage of the replication cycle and MX2/MXB restriction of herpesvirus requires GTPase activity.[13][14][15][16]
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- Horisberger MA, McMaster GK, Zeller H, Wathelet MG, Dellis J, Content J (March 1990). "Cloning and sequence analyses of cDNAs for interferon- and virus-induced human Mx proteins reveal that they contain putative guanine nucleotide-binding sites: functional study of the corresponding gene promoter". Journal of Virology. 64 (3): 1171–81. doi:10.1128/JVI.64.3.1171-1181.1990. PMC 249231. PMID 2154602.
- Horisberger MA, Wathelet M, Szpirer J, Szpirer C, Islam Q, Levan G, et al. (March 1988). "cDNA cloning and assignment to chromosome 21 of IFI-78K gene, the human equivalent of murine Mx gene". Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics. 14 (2): 123–31. doi:10.1007/BF01534397. PMID 3162334. S2CID 31805827.
- al-Masri AN, Werfel T, Jakschies D, von Wussow P (February 1997). "Intracellular staining of Mx proteins in cells from peripheral blood, bone marrow and skin". Molecular Pathology. 50 (1): 9–14. doi:10.1136/mp.50.1.9. PMC 379572. PMID 9208807.
- Melén K, Julkunen I (December 1997). "Nuclear cotransport mechanism of cytoplasmic human MxB protein". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (51): 32353–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.51.32353. PMID 9405443.
- Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD, Watanabe H, Yada T, Park HS, et al. (May 2000). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21". Nature. 405 (6784): 311–9. Bibcode:2000Natur.405..311H. doi:10.1038/35012518. PMID 10830953.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, et al. (December 2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, et al. (October 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
- Tanaka S, Honda Y, Honda M (August 2007). "Identification of differentially expressed genes in blood cells of narcolepsy patients". Sleep. 30 (8): 974–9. doi:10.1093/sleep/30.8.974. PMC 1978392. PMID 17702266.