List of coolest stars

This is a list of coolest stars and brown dwarfs discovered, arranged by decreasing temperature. The stars with temperatures lower than 2,000 K are included.

Kirkpatrick et al. 2021^[1] has a more complete list of nearby objects with a temperature below 2,400 K. Objects with a temperature below 500 K from this paper were included in this list.

List

Star name	Temperature (K)	Spectral type	Distance (light years)	Notes
WISE 0855–0714	285	Y4	7.426±0.039	[2]
WISE 0336-0143B[3]	295±10[4]	Y1?	32.7[1]	spectral type is not yet published, but should be around Y1 if we assume MIRI F480M is similar to W2 and by using Figure 13 from Kirkpatrick et al. 2012[5] Might be a later spectral type.
WISEA 0830+2837	300-350[6]	>Y1[1]	26.87[1]	uncertain parallax and spectral type is an estimate
CWISEP 0238-1332	367±79[1]	>Y1	58.66	uncertain parallax and spectral type is an estimate
CWISEP 0402-2651	367±79[1]	>Y1	39.53	uncertain parallax and spectral type is an estimate
WISEU 0503-5648[1]	367±79	>Y1	33.18	spectral type is an estimate
CWISEP 0940+5233[1]	367±79	>Y1	43.49	uncertain parallax and spectral type is an estimate
WISEA 1257+7153[1]	367±79	>Y1	54.18	spectral type is an estimate
CWISEP J1446−2317[1]	367±79	>Y1	37.75	uncertain parallax and spectral type is an estimate
WISEA 1930-2059[1]	367±79	>Y1	30.67	spectral type is an estimate
CWISEP 1935-1546[1]	367±79	>Y1	47.06	spectral type is an estimate
CWISEP 2230+2549[1]	367±79	>Y1	52.44	uncertain parallax and spectral type is an estimate
CWISEP 2256+4002[1]	367±79	>Y1	32.04	spectral type is an estimate
WISE 0825+2805[1]	376±88	Y0.5	21.37
WD 0806-661B[1]	377±88	Y1	62.80	spectral type is an estimate
WISE 0350-5658[1]	388±88	Y1	18.49
WISEA 2354+0240[1]	388±88	Y1	24.97
WISE 2209+2711[1]	389±88	Y0:	20.17
WISE 0647-6232[1]	393±88	Y1	32.78
WISEPA 1541-2250[1]	395±88	Y1	19.54
WISE 1828+2650	406±88[1]	Y2V[7]	32.5	Temperature could be lower. If it is a binary, its components could be as cold as about 275-350 K.[8]
WISE 0535-7500[1]	410±88	>=Y1:	47.48
WISE 1405+5534	411±88[1]	Y0.5(pec?)[1]	20.62
CWISEP 0321+6932[1]	412±79	Y0.5	47.61	spectral type is an estimate
WISE 1639-6847[1]	412±88	Y0pec	14.85
CWISEP 2356-4814[1]	412±79	Y0.5	56.62	spectral type is an estimate
WISE 0336-0143A[3]	440±24[9]	Y0[1]	32.7[1]
WISEPA 1738+2732[1]	450±88	Y0	24.92
WISEPA 0410+1502[1]	451±88	Y0	21.56
WISE 2220-3628[1]	452±88	Y0	34.15
WISE 1534-1043	453±77[10]	sdY?	53	possibly halo brown dwarf
WISE 1206+8401[1]	454±88	Y0	38.51
WISE 0146+4234B[1]	460±79	Y0	63.09
WISEA 0302-5817[1]	460±79	Y0:	54.45
CWISEP 0634+5049[1]	460±79	Y0	52.61	spectral type is an estimate
CWISEP 0859+5349[1]	460±79	Y0	60.62	spectral type is an estimate
CWISE 0925-4720[1]	460±79	Y0	34.96	spectral type is an estimate
CWISEP 0938+0634[1]	460±79	Y0	61.31	uncertain parallax and spectral type is an estimate
CWISEP J1047+5457[1]	460±79	Y0	43.37	spectral type is an estimate
CWISE 1121-6232[1]	460±79	Y0	33.69	spectral type is an estimate
WISEA 1141-3326[1]	460±79	Y0	31.36
WISE 1217+1626 B	460±79[1]	Y0-0.5	33
CWISE 1531-3306[1]	460±79	Y0	55.37	spectral type is an estimate
WISENF 1936+0408[1]	460±79	Y0	28.64	spectral type is an estimate
CWISEP 2011-4812[1]	460±79	Y0	45.94	spectral type is an estimate
WISEA 2243-1458[1]	460±79	Y0	47,75	spectral type is an estimate
WISE 1112-3857[1]	461±88	T9	31.79
WISE 0734-7157[1]	462±88	Y0	43.78
WISE 0713-2917[1]	464±88	Y0	29.84
WISEPC 2056+1459[1]	464±88	Y0	23.16
WISE 0304-2705[1]	465±88	Y0~pec	44.62
WISE 0359-5401	467+16 −18[11]	Y0[1]	44.31[1]
WISE 0943+3607[1]	468±88	T9.5	33.59
WISE 0833+0052[1]	472±88	(sd)T9	40.92	possible subdwarf
WISE 1542+2230[1]	472±88	T9.5	38.69
WISE 0811-8051[1]	479±88	T9.5:	32.91
WISEPA 2134-7137[1]	481±88	T9~pec	29.73	possible subdwarf
WISE 2212-6931[1]	487±88	T9	40.47
WISEPA 0751-7634[1]	492±88	T9	33.32
WISE 0335+4310[1]	492±88	T9	38.46
2MASS 0939-2448 A/B	650[12]	T8	17.4±0.4
54 Piscium B	810 ± 50	T7.5V	36.32±0.02	[13]
2M 1237+6526	850[14]	T6.5	46
2MASS J0348−6022	880	T7[15]	27.2
GD 165 B	1,755[16]	L4[17]	109
S Cassiopeiae	1,800[18]	S3,4–S5,8	3,100±300
RW Leonis Minoris	1,800[19]	C4,3[20]	1,053[21]
V384 Persei	1,820[22]	N
DENIS-P J1058.7−1548	1,850[23]	L3	49
T Draconis	1,850[22]	C6,2e
V346 Puppis	1,875[22]	C
2MASS J0523-1403	1,939[24]	L2.5V	41.62	The coolest main sequence star known as of 2023.
S Aurigae	1,940[22]	C-N5+
V1426 Cygni	1,975[22]	C7,2e

See also

• List of most massive stars
• List of hottest stars
• List of largest stars

References

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19. Ramstedt, S.; Olofsson, H. (2014-06-01). "The 12CO/13CO ratio in AGB stars of different chemical type - Connection to the 12C/13C ratio and the evolution along the AGB". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 566: A145. arXiv:1405.6404. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423721. ISSN 0004-6361.
20. Cohen, M. (1979-03-01). "Circumstellar envelopes and the evolution of carbon stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 186 (4): 837–852. Bibcode:1979MNRAS.186..837C. doi:10.1093/mnras/186.4.837. ISSN 0035-8711.
21. Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.; Rybizki, J.; Fouesneau, M.; Demleitner, M.; Andrae, R. (2021-03-01). "Estimating distances from parallaxes. V: Geometric and photogeometric distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia Early Data Release 3". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (3): 147. arXiv:2012.05220. Bibcode:2021AJ....161..147B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abd806. ISSN 0004-6256. Data about this star can be seen here.
22. Bergeat, J.; Chevallier, L. (2005). "The mass loss of C-rich giants". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 429: 235–246. arXiv:astro-ph/0601366. Bibcode:2005A&A...429..235B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041280. S2CID 56424665.
23. Heinze, Aren N.; Metchev, Stanimir; Apai, Daniel; Flateau, Davin; Kurtev, Radostin; Marley, Mark; Radigan, Jacqueline; Burgasser, Adam J.; Artigau, Étienne; Plavchan, Peter (2013-04-08). "Weather on Other Worlds I: Detection of Periodic Variability in the L3 Dwarf DENIS-P J1058.7-1548 with Precise Multi-Wavelength Photometry". The Astrophysical Journal. 767 (2): 173. arXiv:1303.2948. Bibcode:2013ApJ...767..173H. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/767/2/173. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 29406867.
24. Filippazzo, Joseph C.; Rice, Emily L.; Faherty, Jacqueline; Cruz, Kelle L.; Van Gordon, Mollie M.; Looper, Dagny L. (2015-09-10). "Fundamental Parameters and Spectral Energy Distributions of Young and Field Age Objects with Masses Spanning the Stellar to Planetary Regime". The Astrophysical Journal. 810 (2): 158. arXiv:1508.01767. Bibcode:2015ApJ...810..158F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/810/2/158. ISSN 1538-4357.