List of association footballers who died after on-field incidents
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Following an increase in deaths,[1] both during matches and training, in 2007 the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) considered mandatory cardiac testing,[2] already in place for years in some countries, such as Italy.[3]
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By 2009, FIFA pre-competition medical assessment included family history, heart rhythm, sounds, and electrocardiogram results.[4] The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) required extensive medical tests, including electrocardiogram and echocardiogram for players in the Europa League 2011–12.[5] Constant monitoring has been advised.[6]