Later Jin (1616–1636)
Jurchen-led dynasty in Manchuria / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Later Jin, officially known as Jin or the Great Jin, was a Jurchen-led royal dynasty of China in Manchuria and the precursor to the Qing dynasty. Established in 1616 by the Jianzhou Jurchen chieftain Nurhaci upon his reunification of the Jurchen tribes, its name was derived from the earlier Jin dynasty founded by the Wanyan clan which had ruled northern China in the 12th and 13th centuries.
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Jin 金 ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ or ᠠᡳ᠌ᠰᡳᠨ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ Aisin gurun | |||||||||||||
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1616–1636 | |||||||||||||
Status | Khanate | ||||||||||||
Capital | |||||||||||||
Common languages | Jurchen (renamed Manchu after 1635), Mongolian, Chinese[1] | ||||||||||||
Government | Absolute monarchy | ||||||||||||
Khan | |||||||||||||
• 1616–1626 | Nurhaci | ||||||||||||
• 1626–1636 | Hong Taiji | ||||||||||||
Legislature | Deliberative Council | ||||||||||||
Historical era | Imperial era | ||||||||||||
• Enthronement of the Tianming Khan | 1616 | ||||||||||||
• Proclamation of the Seven Grievances | 1618 | ||||||||||||
1619 | |||||||||||||
• Annexation of the Northern Yuan | 1635 | ||||||||||||
1636 | |||||||||||||
Currency | Chinese coin, Chinese cash | ||||||||||||
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Today part of | China Mongolia Russia North Korea |
Later Jin | |||||||||||||
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Chinese name | |||||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 後金國 | ||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 后金国 | ||||||||||||
Literal meaning | Later Gold(en) State | ||||||||||||
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Manchu name | |||||||||||||
Manchu script | ᠠᠮᠠᡤᠠ ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠨ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ | ||||||||||||
Romanization | (Amaga) Aisin Gurun | ||||||||||||
In 1635, the lingering Northern Yuan dynasty under Ejei Khan formally submitted to the Later Jin. The following year, Hong Taiji officially renamed the realm to "Great Qing", thus marking the start of the Qing dynasty. During the Ming–Qing transition, the Qing conquered Li Zicheng's Shun dynasty and various Southern Ming claimants and loyalists, going on to rule an empire comprising all of China, stretching as far as Tibet, Manchuria, Mongolia, Xinjiang, and Taiwan until the 1911 Revolution established the Republic of China.