Kommunar, Gatchinsky District, Leningrad Oblast

For other places with the same name, see Kommunar (inhabited locality).

Kommunar (Russian: Коммуна́р) is a town in Gatchinsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the banks of the Izhora River 35 kilometers (22 mi) south of the center of St. Petersburg. Population: 20,211 (2010 Census);^[4] 17,164 (2002 Census);^[8] 17,791 (1989 Soviet census).^[9] The name of the town means "Communards", in reference to supporters of the 1871 popular uprising in Paris.

Kommunar Коммунар
Town[1]
Izhorskaya Street in Kommunar
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Kommunar
Kommunar Location of Kommunar Show map of Russia Kommunar Kommunar (Leningrad Oblast) Show map of Leningrad Oblast
Coordinates: 59°38′N 30°24′E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Leningrad Oblast[1]
Administrative district	Gatchinsky District[1]
Settlement municipal formation	Kommunarskoye Settlement Municipal Formation[1]
Founded	1840s[2]
Town status since	June 28, 1993[3]
Population  (2010 Census)[4]
• Total	20,211
Administrative status
• Capital of	Kommunarskoye Settlement Municipal Formation[1]
Municipal status
• Municipal district	Gatchinsky Municipal District[5]
• Urban settlement	Kommunarskoye Urban Settlement[5]
• Capital of	Kommunarskoye Urban Settlement[5]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [6])
Postal code(s)[7]	188320–188322
OKTMO ID	41618105001
Website	www.kommunar.spb.ru

History

Historical image of the paper mill

It was founded in the 1840s by the land owner countess Yuliya Samoylova as Grafskaya Slavyanka (Гра́фская Славя́нка).^[2] In 1846, it was purchased by the government and renamed Tsarskaya Slavyanka (Ца́рская Славя́нка).^[2] Until 1918, it was also known as the settlement at the Rogers and Peiffer factory (посёлок при фабрике Роджерса и Пейффера). In 1918, it was renamed Krasnaya Slavyanka.^[10] In the beginning of the 20th century, it was a part of Tsarskoselsky Uyezd of St. Petersburg Governorate^[11] (renamed in 1913 Petrograd Governorate and in 1924 Leningrad Governorate). On November 20, 1918, the uyezd was renamed Detskoselsky.^[11] On February 14, 1923 Detskoselsky and Petergofsky Uyezds were abolished and merged into Gatchinsky Uyezd, with the administrative center located in Gatchina.^[11] On February 14, 1923, Gatchina was renamed Trotsk and Gatchinsky Uyezd was renamed Trotsky Uyezd,^[12] after Leon Trotsky.

On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Trotsky District, with the administrative center in the town of Trotsk, was established. The governorates were also abolished and the district became a part of Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. The settlement was made a part of Trotsky District.^{[citation needed]} On August 2, 1929, after Trotsky was deported from Soviet Union, Trotsk was renamed Krasnogvardeysk and the district was renamed Krasnogvardeysky.^[13] On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On January 28, 1944, Krasnogvardeysk was renamed Gatchina and the district was renamed Gatchinsky.^[13]

Kommunar was granted urban-type settlement status on October 8, 1953^[13] and town status on June 28, 1993.^[3] In 1996, the town held a popular vote regarding whether it should become a town of oblast significance. However, in 2010 the administrative divisions of Leningrad Oblast were harmonized with its municipal divisions, and Kommunar became the town of district significance again.^[14]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated within Gatchinsky District as Kommunarskoye Settlement Municipal Formation.^[1] As a municipal division, Kommunarskoye Settlement Municipal Formation is incorporated within Gatchinsky Municipal District as Kommunarskoye Urban Settlement.^[5]

Economy

Industry

The main enterprise of the town is the Kommunar paper factory.

Transportation

A bus connecting Pushkin and Kommunar on Sadovaya Street

A railway connecting St. Petersburg and Novosokolniki via Dno runs along the eastern border of the town. Antropshino railway station, located in Kommunar, has suburban service originating from Vitebsky railway station of St. Petersburg.

Kommunar is essentially a suburb of St. Petersburg and is included in the suburban road network. In particular, it is connected by road with Gatchina.

Culture and recreation

A mass grave of Soviet soldiers killed during the Russian Civil War and World War II in Kommunar is protected as a historical monument of local significance.^[15]

References

Notes

1. Oblast Law #32-oz
2. Коммунар, г. (in Russian). Encyclopedia of Leningrad Oblast. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
3. История (in Russian). Официальный портал администрации города Коммунар. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
4. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
5. Law #113-oz
6. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
7. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
8. Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
9. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
10. Секреты Графской (Царской) Славянки (in Russian). Город Пушкин.ИНФО. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
11. Царскосельский уезд (1917 г. - ноябрь 1918 г.), Детскосельский уезд (ноябрь 1918 г. - февраль 1923 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from the original on May 19, 2013. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
12. Гатчинский уезд (февраль 1923 г. -август 1927 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
13. Троцкий район (август 1927 г. - август 1929 г.), Красногвардейский район (август 1929 г. - январь 1944 г.), Гатчинский район (январь 1944 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
14. Отчет о работе комитета по взаимодействию с органами местного самоуправления Ленинградской области в 2010 году (in Russian). Комитет по печати и связям с общественностью Ленинградской области. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
15. Братская могила советских воинов, погибших в годы гражданской и Великой Отечественной войн (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Archived from the original on February 28, 2014. Retrieved February 11, 2013.

Sources

• Законодательное собрание Ленинградской области. Областной закон №32-оз от 15 июня 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ленинградской области и порядке его изменения», в ред. Областного закона №23-оз от 8 мая 2014 г. «Об объединении муниципальных образований "Приморское городское поселение" Выборгского района Ленинградской области и "Глебычевское сельское поселение" Выборгского района Ленинградской области и о внесении изменений в отдельные Областные законы». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вести", №112, 23 июня 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast. Oblast Law #32-oz of June 15, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Leningrad Oblast and on the Procedures for Its Change, as amended by the Oblast Law #23-oz of May 8, 2014 On Merging the Municipal Formations of "Primorskoye Urban Settlement" in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast and "Glebychevskoye Rural Settlement" in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast and on Amending Various Oblast Laws. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
• Законодательное собрание Ленинградской области. Областной закон №113-оз от 16 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципального образования Гатчинский муниципальный район и муниципальных образований в его составе», в ред. Областного закона №17-оз от 6 мая 2010 г «О внесении изменений в некоторые областные законы в связи с принятием федерального закона "О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации в связи с совершенствованием организации местного самоуправления"». Вступил в силу через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования (27 декабря 2004 г.). Опубликован: "Вести", №147, 17 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast. Oblast Law #113-oz of December 16, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of and Granting an Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formation of Gatchinsky Municipal District and to the Municipal Formations It Comprises, as amended by the Oblast Law #17-oz of May 6, 2010 On Amending Various Oblast Laws Due to the Adoption of the Federal Law "On Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation Due to the Improvement of the Organization of the Local Self-Government". Effective as of after 10 days from the day of the official publication (December 27, 2004).).