John Arthur (Australian politician)

For other people named John Arthur, see John Arthur (disambiguation).

John Andrew Arthur (15 August 1875 – 9 December 1914) was an Australian lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and was first elected to federal parliament at the 1913 federal election, after a successful career at the Victorian Bar. After the 1914 election, he was appointed Minister for External Affairs in the Fisher government. He died of kidney disease three months later, aged 39.

The Honourable John Arthur
Minister for External Affairs
In office 17 September 1914 – 9 December 1914
Prime Minister	Andrew Fisher
Preceded by	Paddy Glynn
Succeeded by	Hugh Mahon
Member of the Australian Parliament for Bendigo
In office 31 May 1913 – 9 December 1914
Preceded by	John Quick
Succeeded by	Alfred Hampson
Personal details
Born	(1875-08-15)15 August 1875 Castlemaine, Victoria, Australia
Died	9 December 1914(1914-12-09) (aged 39) Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Political party	Labor
Alma mater	University of Melbourne
Occupation	Barrister

Early life

Arthur was born in Castlemaine, Victoria, son of a goldminer and spent his childhood in several Victorian goldmining towns. He won a state scholarship allowing him to attend Grenville College, Ballarat for three years. He graduated from the University of Melbourne with a Bachelor of Arts in 1895. He was a brilliant student and completed a Master of Arts in 1897, a Bachelor of Laws in 1898 and a Master of Laws in 1901. He became a tutor at Queen's College in logic and philosophy, political economy and history, and law and was admitted to the bar in 1903.^[1]

Law career

Arthur became a prominent lawyer in the new federal courts, especially the Commonwealth Court of Conciliation and Arbitration, and represented the Agricultural Implement Makers' Union in the Harvester case which led to the basic wage concept that was the basis of wage setting in Australia until the 1990s.^[1]

Political career

Studio portrait by Humphrey & Co.

In 1913 election he defeated the incumbent John Quick to win the Australian House of Representatives seat of Bendigo for the Australian Labor Party. He was noted for his contribution to parliamentary debates and continued his career as an industrial advocate, often travelling from the then seat of the parliament in Melbourne to Sydney to argue cases. Campaigning for the 1914 election, combined with his court work undermined his health and following the election of the Fisher government he was confined to bed. He attended caucus on 17 September and was elected to the ministry and sworn in as Minister for External Affairs on the same day. He was forced back to bed and died on 9 December 1914 of kidney disease at his home in the Melbourne suburb of Parkville. He was survived by his wife, two daughters and two sons.

Arthur was granted a state funeral, which was held at Queen's Hall in Parliament House, Melbourne. It was attended by Governor-General Ronald Munro-Ferguson, Prime Minister Andrew Fisher, and Opposition Leader Joseph Cook. Fisher, Billy Hughes, George Pearce, John Forrest, William Watt, William Archibald, Littleton Groom, Paddy Glynn, and Thomas Givens served as pallbearers. He was buried in the Methodist section of Coburg Cemetery.^[2]

Notes

1. Thompson, John R. (1979). "Arthur, John Andrew (1875–1914)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 3 October 2007.
2. "The late Mr. Arthur M.P." The Age. 11 December 1914.

Political offices
Preceded by Paddy Glynn	Minister for External Affairs 1914	Succeeded by Hugh Mahon
Parliament of Australia
Preceded by John Quick	Member for Bendigo 1913–1914	Succeeded by Alfred Hampson