Qingdao–Jinan railway

The Qingdao–Jinan railway or Jiaoji Railway (simplified Chinese: 胶济铁路; traditional Chinese: 膠濟鐵路; pinyin: Jiāojì Tiělù, formerly the Shantung Railway) is a railway in Shandong Province, China. The railway is 393 kilometres (244 mi) in length and connects Qingdao, on the Jiaozhou Bay, and Jinan, the provincial capital of Shandong. Adolph von Hansemann and other German financiers funded construction of the railway, then known as Schantung Eisenbahn Gesellschaft (Shantung Railway Company), which began September 23, 1899, and was completed in 1904.^[10] Since the quadruple tracking of this corridor with the opening of the parallel Qingdao–Jinan passenger railway, the line is mostly used for freight with some conventional passenger services.

Qingdao–Jinan railway 胶济铁路
Qingdao port area in the 1910s
Overview
Status	Operational
Locale	People's Republic of China
Termini	Qingdao Jinan
Stations	36
Service
Type	Heavy rail
System	China Railway
Operator(s)	China Railway
History
Opened	1904
Technical
Line length	384.2 km (238.7 mi)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification	50 Hz 25 kV
Operating speed	200 km/h (124 mph)
Route map Legend km Beijing–Shanghai railway to Shanghai│to Beijing Jinan South to Beijing–Shanghai HSR Jinan passenger transport depot │ Jinan locomotive depot 384.2 Jinan (end of line) Jinan Railway to Qiaonan & Beijing Old Jinan station 380.8 Daminghu Qingdao–Jinan passenger railway 378.6 Huangtai Huangtai–Jinan East link line to Jinan–Qingdao HSR & Jinan East Huangtaiqiao branch to Huangtaiqiao Port ( closed 1944 ) 377.0 Licheng North Hancang[1] 370.0 Guodian Yujiacun 359.0 Pinglingcheng Biyang Zaoyuan (closed 2006)[2] Hanji railway–Jiaoji railway link line Quanzhuang 344.0 Zhangqiu 336.0 Gaojiapo 330.0 Puji (closed 2006)[2] 324.0 Wangcun Pengjiazhuang (closed 2006)[2] Chitou 301.0 Zhoucun (passenger services closed 2003) Yazhuang 289.0 Mashang (passenger services closed 1988)[3] Zibo–Boshan railway to Boshan 269.5 Zibo Zibo locomotive depot Zibo–Dongying railway to Dongying Hutian Jinlin–Tieshan line (now siding) Jinlinzhen Dongfeng Xindian–Taian railway to Laiwu & Tai'an 261.0 Linzi (passenger services closed 2005)[4] 255.0 Zihedian (closed 2003[5][2]) 248.0 Putong (passenger services closed 2008)[6] 240.0 Qingzhou South (passenger services closed 2008) Yiyang Railway to Yangkou & Dajiawa Qinglin Railway to Linqu & Yeyuan 229.0 Yangjiazhuang 222.0 Tanjiafang 214.0 Yaogou 207.0 Changle 198.0 Zhuliudian 192.0 Weifang West 183.0 Weifang 163.0 Weifang East Beiliu 150.0 Nanliu Fangzi branch (part of the line before doubling) 146.0 Huangqibao 140.0 Zuoshan[2] 134.0 Taibaozhuang (closed 2003)[5] 114.0 Caijiazhuang (closed 1996)[7] 107.0 Kangjiazhuang (closed 2003)[5][7][2] 98.7 Gaomi 91.0 Yaogezhuang Haitian−Qingdao railway to Haitian Zhilanzhuang[2] 80.0 Taishang 72.3 Jiaozhou Jiaozhou–Huangdao railway to Huangdao Qingdao–Yancheng railway to Yancheng 64.0 Jiaodong (closed 2003)[5][2] Jinan–Qingdao HSR to Hongdao│to Jinan East 57.0 Lancun West Qingdao–Jinan passenger railway to Jinan 52.0 Lancun Lancun–Yantai railway to Yantai Jimo (passenger services closed 2007) works link to CRRC Qingdao Sifang Qingdao–Rongcheng ICR to Rongcheng 35.0 Hanwa (closed 1980s) 31.0 Chengyang (reopened on 1 July 2022[8]) (L) Qingdao–Jinan passenger railway Qingdao–Rongcheng ICR (R) 25.0 Nügukou (closed 2013)[9][2] 22.0 Loushan Qingdao–Yancheng railway to Yancheng & Jinan–Qingdao HSR to Hongdao & Jinan East 17.0 Cangkou (closed 2013) 15.4 Qingdao North 11.1 Shalingzhuang Qingdao North EMU Depot 6.7 Sifang (passenger services closed 2008) Dagang-Shugang railway 3.0 Dagang (closed 2006)[2] 0.0 Qingdao km This diagram: view talk edit

Rail connections

• Jinan: Beijing–Shanghai railway, Handan–Jinan railway
• Zibo: Zibo–Dongying railway
• Yantai: Lancun–Yantai railway
• Jiaozhou: Jiaozhou–Xinyi railway, Haitian−Qingdao railway

History

Steam locomotive 409 of the Shantung Railway, built by Kisha Seizō of Japan in 1922.

As the Qingdao–Jinan railway could be used to transport a large number of soldiers through the mountainous countryside of the Shandong Peninsula, it was of great military significance during the Warlord Era (1916–1928) and Nanjing decade (1928–1937) of China, as various warlords used it in their conflicts. In late 1932, the railway saw heavy fighting as warlord Han Fuju sought to capture its eastern section from his rival Liu Zhennian during a war for eastern Shandong. Liu's troops managed to beat off the attacks, forcing Han to resort to the region's road network (which was of bad quality at the time) to move his army, significantly prolonging the war.^[11] Nevertheless, Han eventually won, unifying all of Shandong under his rule.^[12]

It was originally opened by the German-owned Shantung Railway Company, and after the Germans were defeated in China by the Japanese during the First World War, it passed to Chinese control as the Jiaoji Railway Company. After the Japanese occupation of northern China during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Jiaoji Railway was nationalised and made part of the North China Transportation Company. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the railway became part of China Railway.

Between 1959 and 1990, the railway was dualled. Electrification of the railway began in 2003 and was completed in September 2006.^[13]

Incidents

• 2008 Shandong train collision

References

1. Zhang, Na (14 May 2013). "济南部分老站房盼"重见天日"" [Some old station buildings in Jinan look forward to "seeing the sky again"]. Jinan Times (in Chinese). Retrieved 15 February 2021.
2. "The current electrification design of the Jiaoji Railway has a traveling speed of 200 kilometers per hour". Dazhong Daily. 9 September 2006. Retrieved 12 February 2021 – via JiaoDong.net.
3. Fu, Luowei (4 March 2012). "马尚站里话"马上"" ["Immediately" at Mashang station] (in Chinese). keyunzhan.com. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
4. 大众网 (29 March 2005). "胶济铁路电气化改造部分铁路站点暂停客运业务" [Jiaoji Railway Electrification, Passenger Service at some Railway Stations Suspended]. Sina News (in Chinese). Retrieved 14 February 2021.
5. "胶济铁路电气化改造竣工 张高丽等出席开通仪式" [Jiaoji Railway Electrification Reconstruction Completed Zhang Gaoli and others attended the opening ceremony]. Shuimu net (in Chinese). 10 September 2006. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
6. Zhou, Xiaoqing (10 February 2018). "没有火车停靠　普通站不普通" [No trains stop at Putong station, which is not ordinary (putong)]. Weifang Evening News (in Chinese). Retrieved 14 February 2021.
7. "道路建设让城市运转更通畅" [Road construction makes the city run more smoothly]. Gaomi News Network (in Chinese). 30 September 2014. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
8. "激动人心！城阳火车站今日启用 开通往济南、荣成方向等6趟车次". 半岛网. 2022-07-01. Archived from the original on 2022-07-01. Retrieved 2020-07-01.
9. "112岁女姑口火车站荒废 曾被称"中国境内第一站"" [112-year-old Nügukou railway station was abandoned, once called "the first station in China"]. 半岛都市报 (in Chinese). 20 March 2013. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
10. 斯, 李. "1904年06月01日 胶济铁路通车". www.todayonhistory.com. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
11. Jowett (2017), p. 207.
12. Jowett (2017), pp. 207–208.
13. "胶济铁路：承载齐鲁百年荣辱|青岛新闻|半岛网". 2011-07-28. Archived from the original on 2011-07-28. Retrieved 2020-11-11.

Bibliography

• Jowett, Philip S. (2017). The Bitter Peace. Conflict in China 1928–37. Stroud: Amberley Publishing. ISBN 978-1445651927.

See also

• Qingdao–Jinan high-speed railway – a new parallel dedicated high-speed railway running north of the Qingdao–Jinan railway.
• Qingdao–Jinan passenger railway – a new high-speed railway running alongside the Qingdao–Jinan railway.
• List of railways in China
• Rail transport in the People's Republic of China