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Ingrid Bergman (29 August 1915 – 29 August 1982) was a multilingual, Academy Award-winning actress born in Stockholm, conversant in Swedish, German, English, Italian, and French.[1] She had been preparing for an acting career all her life. After her mother Frieda died when she was three years old, she was raised by her father Justus Samuel Bergman, a professional photographer who encouraged her to pose and act in front of the camera.[2] As a young woman, she was shy, taller than the average women of her generation, and somewhat overweight. Acting allowed her to transcend these constraints, enabling her to transform herself into a character. She first appeared as an uncredited extra in the film Landskamp (1932), and was accepted into the Royal Dramatic Theatre of Stockholm as a scholarship student in 1933.[3]
She appeared in a dozen films in Sweden, before being offered work in the American film industry. The movie that both she and historians cite as launching her international career was Intermezzo (1936), in which she shared the lead opposite Gösta Ekman. It brought her to the attention of producer David O. Selznick, who purchased the rights to the story and cast her as the female lead in the American version, Intermezzo: A Love Story (1939), with British actor Leslie Howard taking over the male lead.[4] Bergman signed a three-picture contract with the German production company UFA GmbH, intending to launch her career in German films. In the end, she only acted in the comedy The Four Companions (Die vier Gesellen) (1938), directed by Carl Froelich.[5] At the time of filming, she was pregnant with daughter Pia Lindström by her first husband, physician Petter Lindström, and performed with her abdomen bound.[6] Following her daughter's birth, she made the Swedish film June Night (1940), and three American films: Adam Had Four Sons (1941), Rage in Heaven (1941), and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1942).
Bergman made over 40 films in her career, many of them for American producers and directors. In the early stages of making the World War II romantic drama Casablanca (1942), she and her co-stars Humphrey Bogart and Paul Henreid thought it would be an insignificant film, and all three wanted out of their commitments to the production.[note 1] The script was a work in progress, with director Michael Curtiz in frequent conflict with the writers and with producer Hal B. Wallis. The actors and Curtiz were crafting the characters and story line as they went along.[8] After its release, the film struck a chord with wartime audiences. It was nominated for eight Academy Awards, winning in the categories of Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Screenplay.[9] For decades afterwards, there were special screenings and retrospectives of the film, often with Bergman as a guest speaker. She had attended so many events for the film, being asked the same questions over and over, that she once remarked, "When I die, I hope they won't show it again".[10]
Alfred Hitchcock directed her in three films: Spellbound (1945),[11] Notorious (1946),[12] and Under Capricorn (1949).[13] Impressed by Italian director Roberto Rossellini's films Rome, Open City (1945) and Paisà (1946), she wrote to him offering her services as an actress. Together, they would make Stromboli (1950), Europa 51 (1951), Siamo donne (1953), Journey to Italy (1954), and Joan of Arc at the Stake (1954). Her off-screen relationship with Rossellini ended her marriage to Lindström, and produced out-of-wedlock son Renato Roberto Ranaldo Giusto Giuseppe ("Robin") Rossellini. She and Lindström divorced in 1950, and she married Rossellini.[14] After the 1952 births of their twin daughters Isotta Ingrid and Isabella, she and Rossellini divorced in 1957.[11] Hitchcock had remained her life-long friend, and told her, "He ruined your career".[15]
Bergman married for a final time in 1958, to Swedish film producer Lars Schmidt. He produced her works of 24 Hours in a Woman's Life (1960-TV), The Human Voice (1960-TV), and Hedda Gabler (1962-Stage play; 1963-TV).[16] They divorced in 1975.[17]
Someone, I don't remember who, a woman, told me, "You can't have it all", especially a woman can't have it all. Well, I did. I had it all, even if I did muddle some of it. Sometimes I hurt myself. That's the way life is. I took the risks. Happiness is good health and a bad memory.
— Ingrid Bergman, [18]
Ingrid Bergman was the recipient of numerous global nominations and awards for her work, including three Academy Awards. In the category of Best Actress, she won for Gaslight (1944)[19] and Anastasia (1956).[20] For Murder on the Orient Express (1974), she was named Best Supporting Actress.[21] She appeared multiple times on the American stage. In the pre-television era, she was a prolific guest on radio programs. Bergman received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on 8 February 1960.[22]
A Woman Called Golda on American television earned her the 1982 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie.[23] When asked to play Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir, Bergman doubted that the audience would accept her – a tall Swedish Protestant – in the part, but producer Gene Corman and director Alan Gibson believed that on screen, she generated the same feeling of public trust as did Meir.[24] She was in the last stages of her battle with breast cancer when shooting commenced, making her un-insurable for the production, but all concerned believed the project was worth the risk. The film premiered on American television on 26 April 1982. Four months later, Bergman died on her birthday. Her daughter Pia accepted the Emmy award on her behalf.[25]
Title | Year | Role | Notes | Ref(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
International Match | 1932 | Girl waiting in line | Uncredited | [26] |
Tagning "På solsidan" | 1935 | Film short | [27] | |
The Count of the Old Town | Elsa Edlund Swedish title: Munkbrogreven |
AB Svensk Filmindustri | [28] | |
Swedenhielms | Astrid, Bo Swedenhielms fästmö | AB Svensk Filmindustri | [29] | |
Ocean Breakers | Karin Ingman | Bränningar | [30] | |
Walpurgis Night | Lena Bergström | Valborgsmässoafton | [31] | |
On the Sunny Side | 1936 | Eva Bergh, bankkassörska | AB Wivefilm På solsidan |
[32] |
Intermezzo | Anita Hoffman | AB Svensk Filmindustri | [33] | |
Dollar | 1938 | Julia Balzar, skådespelerska | AB Svensk Filmindustri | [34] |
The Four Companions | Marianne Kruge | Die Vier Gesellen | [35] | |
A Woman's Face | Anna Holm, aka Anna Paulsson | En kvinnas ansikte AB Svensk Filmindustri |
[36] | |
Only One Night | 1939 | Eva Beckman | En enda natt | [35] |
Intermezzo: A Love Story | Anita Hoffman | Selznick International Pictures | [37] | |
June Night | 1940 | Kerstin Norbäc aka Sara Nordanå |
Juninatten AB Svensk Filmindustri |
[38] |
Adam Had Four Sons | 1941 | Emilie Gallatin | Columbia Pictures | [39] |
Rage in Heaven | Stella Bergen | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) | [40] | |
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde | Ivy Peterson | MGM | [41] | |
Casablanca | 1942 | Ilsa Lund | Warner Bros. | [42] |
For Whom the Bell Tolls | 1943 | María | Paramount Pictures Nomination - Academy Award for Best Actress Preserved at the UCLA Film & Television Archive |
[43] |
Swedes in America | Herself (short subject) |
United Films | [44] | |
Gaslight | 1944 | Paula Alquist Anton | MGM Academy Award for Best Actress Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama |
[45] |
Spellbound | 1945 | Dr. Constance Petersen | Selznick International Pictures New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress Preserved at the UCLA Film & Television Archive |
[46] |
Saratoga Trunk | Clio Dulaine | Warner Bros. | [47] | |
The Bells of St. Mary's | Sister Mary Benedict |
RKO Pictures
Nomination - Academy Award for Best Actress |
[48] | |
The American Creed | 1946 | Herself | National Conference for Community and Justice | [49] |
Notorious | Alicia Huberman | RKO Pictures | [50] | |
Arch of Triumph | 1948 | Joan Madou | Enterprise Productions, Inc. | [51] |
Joan of Arc | Joan [D'Arc] | Sierra Pictures Preserved at the UCLA Film & Television Archive Nomination - Academy Award for Best Actress |
[52] | |
Under Capricorn | 1949 | Lady Henrietta Flusky | Warner Bros. | [53] |
Stromboli | 1950 | Karin Bjiorsen | RKO Pictures | [54] |
Europa 51 | 1952 | Irene Girard | Volpi Cup for Best Actress aka "Greatest Love" Roberto Rossellini Productions |
[55] |
We, the Women aka Siamo donne |
1953 | Herself | (segment: "Ingrid Bergman") Alfredo Guarini Productions |
[56] |
Journey to Italy | 1954 | Katherine Joyce | Viaggio in Italia Roberto Rossellini Productions |
[56] |
Fear | Irene Wagner | Minerva-Ariston-Aniene | [57] | |
Joan of Arc at the Stake | Giovanna d'Arco (Joan of Arc) | Roberto Rossellini Productions | [58] | |
Elena and Her Men | 1956 | Elena et les hommes Princess Elena Sokorowska |
Franco London Films SA Les Films Gibé Electra Compania Cinematographia |
[59] |
Anastasia | Anna Koreff / Anastasia | Academy Award for Best Actress Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama 20th Century Fox |
[60] | |
Indiscreet | 1958 | Anna Kalman | Warner Bros. Nomination - Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical |
[60] |
The Inn of the Sixth Happiness | Gladys Aylward | Nomination - Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama
|
[60] | |
Goodbye Again | 1961 | Paula Tessier | United Artists | [61] |
Auguste / Kolka, My Friend | Cameo | Les Films Marceau | [62] | |
The Visit | 1964 | Karla Zachanassian | 20th Century Fox | [63] |
The Yellow Rolls-Royce | 1965 | Gerda Millett | MGM | [63] |
Stimulantia | 1967 | Mathilde Hartman (Segment: "The Necklace") |
Omnia Films | [63] |
Cactus Flower | 1969 | Stephanie Dickinson | Columbia Pictures Nomination - Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical |
[64] |
Henri Langlois | 1970 | Herself (documentary) |
Hershon Films | [65] |
A Walk in the Spring Rain | Libby Meredith | Columbia Pictures | [66] | |
From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler | 1973 | Mrs. Frankweiler | Westfall Productions | [67] |
Murder on the Orient Express | 1974 | Greta Ohlsson | Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actress G. W. Films Ltd. |
[68] |
A Matter of Time | 1976 | Countess Lucretia Sanziani | American International Pictures | [69] |
Autumn Sonata | 1978 | Charlotte Andergast | New World Pictures Nomination - Academy Award for Best Actress Nomination - Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama Nomination - National Board of Review Award for Best Actress National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress |
[69] |
Title | Year | Role | Notes | Ref(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
The Turn of the Screw | 1959 | Governess | Emmy Award NBC-TV |
[61] |
24 Hours in a Woman's Life | 1960 | Clare Lester | CBS-TV | [63] |
Hedda Gabler | 1963 | Hedda Gabler | [63] | |
The Human Voice | 1967 | A Woman | ABC-TV | [64] |
American Film Institute Salute to Alfred Hitchcock | 1979 | Herself | CBS-TV | [70] |
A Woman Called Golda | 1982 | Golda Meir | Emmy Award Paramount Television |
[71] |
Show | Air date | Episode | Role | Co-stars | Ref(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lux Radio Theatre | 29 January 1940 | "Intermezzo" | Anita Hoffman | Herbert Marshall Gail Patrick |
[78] |
Lux Radio Theatre | 1 December 1941 | "A Man's Castle" | Trina | Spencer Tracy | MP3 [78] |
The Kate Smith Variety Show | 16 January 1942 | "Patterns" | Orson Welles, Olivia de Havilland, Lou Holtz | [79] | |
Readers and Writers | 24 March 1942 | Herself | Edwin Seaver | [80] | |
Cavalcade of America | 30 March 1942 | "The Silent Heart" | Jenny Lind | Karl Swenson, Bill Johnstone | [81] |
CBS Looks At Hollywood | 1942 | Herself | Hedda Hopper, Gary Cooper | [82] | |
The Screen Guild Theater | 26 April 1943 | "Casablanca" | Ilsa Lund | Humphrey Bogart, Paul Henreid | MP3 [83] |
Mail Call | 15 September 1943 | #56 | Kay Thompson, Cass Daley, Edgar Bergen | [84] | |
Star Program with Lorne Greene | October 1943 | Herself | Lorne Greene, Walter Huston, Joan Fontaine | ||
March of Dimes | "1944 March of Dimes Campaign" | Herself | Basil O'Connor, John B. Kennedy | [85][86] | |
Mayerling | 2 April 1944 | "Star and the Story" | Marie Vetsera | Walter Pidgeon | [87] |
Death Takes A Holiday | 25 April 1944 | "Everything for the Boys" | Grazia | Ronald Colman | MP3 [88] |
Silver Theater | 21 May 1944 | "The Guardsman" | The Actor's Wife | Herbert Marshall, Nigel Bruce | [89] |
Rudy Vallee Show | 9 September 1944 | Premiere Show | Herself | Edith Gwynn, Fritz Feld, Lou Lubin | [90] |
The Screen Guild Theater | 30 October 1944 | "Anna Karenina" | Anna Karenina | Gregory Peck | MP3 |
The Kate Smith Variety Show | 12 November 1944 | Milton Berle | [91] | ||
Mail Call | 31 January 1945 | #130 | Guest | Edgar Bergen, Marion Hutton | MP3 |
Lux Radio Theatre | 12 February 1945 | "For Whom The Bell Tolls"' | Maria | Gary Cooper, Akim Tamiroff | MP3 [78] |
17th Academy Awards Ceremony | 15 March 1945 | Recipient – Best Actress | Bob Hope, John Cromwell, Jennifer Jones, et al. | MP3[92] | |
Command Performance | 29 March 1945 | #168 | Guest | Bob Hope, Charles Boyer, et al. | MP3 |
Arch Oboler's Plays | 5 April 1945 | "Strange Morning" | Miss Stewart | MP3 | |
Our Hour of National Sorrow | 15 April 1945 | A Tribute to President Roosevelt | Poem Reader | Multiple celebrities | MP3 [93] |
Seventh War Loan Drive Show | 13 May 1945 | (replay of 5 April + Morgenthau speech) | Miss Stewart | Henry Morgenthau | RA [94] |
Lux Radio Theatre | 4 June 1945 | "Intermezzo" | Anita Hoffman | Joseph Cotten, Paula Winslowe | MP3 [78] |
The Fred Waring Show | 14 August 1945 | Guest | Self | Fred Waring, Jack Benny, Larry Adler | [95] |
Jack Benny Show | 14 October 1945 | "Gaslight" | Guest | Jack Benny, Larry Adler | MP3 [96] |
Newspaper Guild Page-One Awards | 6 December 1945 | Herself | Norman Corwin, Duke Ellington, Irving Berlin | [97] | |
The Radio Hall of Fame | 20 January 1946 | "Presentation of Film Critics Awards" | Recipient – Best Actress | Ray Milland | MP3 [98] |
Bob Hope Show | 5 February 1946 | "Look Achievement Awards" | Herself | Bob Hope, Frances Langford | [99] |
18th Academy Awards Ceremony (#217) | 14 April 1946 | Command Performance | Presenter – Best Actor | Bob Hope, Frank Sinatra, George Murphy, Ray Milland, et al. | [100] |
Lux Radio Theater | 29 April 1946 | "Gaslight" | Paula Alquist Anton | Charles Boyer, Gale Gordon | [101] |
United Jewish Appeal | 16 May 1946 | "The Star Spangled Way " | Herself | Jack Benny, Ginger Rogers, Tallulah Bankhead | [102] |
The Screen Guild Theater | 26 August 1946 | "Bells of St. Mary's" | Sister Mary Benedict | Bing Crosby | MP3 |
Centennial Anniversary of Ellen Terry | 27 February 1947 | "Born in a Merry Hour"' | Herself | Helen Hayes, Margaret Webster, Eva Le Gallienne, John Gielgud | [103] |
Theater Guild on the Air | 6 April 1947 | "Still Life" | Laura Jesson | Sam Wanamaker, Peggy Wood | MP3 [104][105] |
The Screen Guild Theater | 6 October 1947 | "Bells of St. Mary's" | Sister Mary Benedict | Bing Crosby | MP3 |
U.S.O. Campaign | 1947 | Herself | Douglas Fairbanks Jr., George Murphy | ||
Building For Peace | 1947 | "Flood Tide" | |||
Words with Music | 1947 | #29 | Poetry Reader | [84] | |
Lux Radio Theater | 26 January 1948 | "Notorious" | Alicia Huberman | Joseph Cotten | MP3 [78] |
Theater Guild on the Air | 18 April 1948 | "Anna Karenina" | Anna Karenina | [106] | |
Red Cross Flood Relief Show | 13 June 1948 | Herself | Chester Lauck, Andy Russell | ||
Lux Radio Theater | 14 June 1948 | "Jane Eyre" | Jane Eyre | Robert Montgomery, Bill Johnstone | MP3 [78] |
Ford Theater | 12 November 1948 | "Camille" | Marguerite Gautier | [107][108] | |
Lux Radio Theater | 13 December 1948 | "The Seventh Veil" | Francesca Cunningham | Robert Montgomery, Bill Johnstone | MP3 [78] |
The Screen Guild Theater | 6 January 1949 | "Notorious" | Alicia Huberman | John Hodiak, J. Carrol Naish | MP3 |
Ford Theater | 21 January 1949 | "Anna Christie" | Anna Christopherson | Broderick Crawford, John Qualen | MP3 [109] |
Great Scenes from Great Plays | 18 February 1949 | "A Doll's House" | Nora Helmer | Brian Aherne | [110][111]MP3 |
Star Spots | 1949 | "Whole Blood Ready" (1 of 3 mini-dramas) | Fred MacMurray, Joan Leslie | ||
Stage-Struck (CBS Radio) | 10 January 1954 | "Why Young Actors Try To Break Into The Theatre" | Herself | Mike Wallace, Arthur Schwartz, Dorothy Fields, Renee Jeanmaire | [112] |
Stage-Struck (CBS Radio) | 2 May 1954 | Season Finale | Herself | All seasonal guest stars | [113] |
References:[114][115][116][117] |
Title | Year | Notes | Ref(s) |
---|---|---|---|
The Pied Piper of Hamelin | 1946 | 2 10" 78 RPM Records | [118][119] |
The Human Voice[120] | 1960 | 12" Microgroove LP 33⅓ RPM Record | [121] |
The Inn of the Sixth Happiness | 1979 | Abridged Audiobook, 2 Cassettes | [122] |
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