Hypochlorite
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In chemistry, hypochlorite, or chloroxide is an anion with the chemical formula ClO−. It combines with a number of cations to form hypochlorite salts. Common examples include sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) and calcium hypochlorite (a component of bleaching powder, swimming pool "chlorine").[1] The Cl-O distance in ClO− is 1.69 Å.[2]
Names | |
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IUPAC name
Hypochlorite | |
Systematic IUPAC name
Chlorate(I) | |
Other names
Chloroxide | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEBI | |
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.235.795 |
682 | |
PubChem CID |
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UNII | |
UN number | 3212 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
Conjugate acid | Hypochlorous acid |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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The name can also refer to esters of hypochlorous acid, namely organic compounds with a ClO– group covalently bound to the rest of the molecule. The principal example is tert-butyl hypochlorite, which is a useful chlorinating agent.[3]
Most hypochlorite salts are handled as aqueous solutions. Their primary applications are as bleaching, disinfection, and water treatment agents. They are also used in chemistry for chlorination and oxidation reactions.