Hymenophyllum is a genus of ferns in the family Hymenophyllaceae. Its name means "membranous leaf", referring to the very thin translucent tissue of the fronds, which gives rise to the common name filmy fern for this and other thin-leaved ferns. The leaves are generally only one cell thick and lack stomata, making them vulnerable to desiccation. Consequently, they are found only in very humid areas, such as in moist forests and among sheltered rocks. They are small and easy to overlook.
Quick Facts Hymenophyllum, Scientific classification ...
Hymenophyllum |
![Thumb](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hymenophyllum_spp_Moore49.png/220px-Hymenophyllum_spp_Moore49.png) |
A plate featuring Hymenophyllum species from The Ferns of Great Britain and Ireland |
Scientific classification ![Edit this classification](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png) |
Kingdom: |
Plantae |
Clade: |
Tracheophytes |
Division: |
Polypodiophyta |
Class: |
Polypodiopsida |
Order: |
Hymenophyllales |
Family: |
Hymenophyllaceae |
Subfamily: |
Hymenophylloideae Burnett |
Genus: |
Hymenophyllum Sm. |
Type species |
Hymenophyllum tunbrigense
(L.) Sm. |
Synonyms[1] |
- Amphipterum C.Presl 1849-51 ex (Copeland 1937) Copeland 1938
- Apteropteris (Copeland 1937) Copeland 1938
- Buesia (Morton 1932) Copeland 1938
- Cardiomanes C.Presl 1843
- Craspedoneuron van den Bosch 1861
- Craspedophyllum (Presl 1843) Copeland 1938
- Dermatophlebium C.Presl 1849-51
- Diploophyllum Bosch
- Hemicyatheon (Domin 1913) Copeland 1938
- Hymenoglossum K.B.Presl, 1843
- Leptocionium K.B.Presl, 1843
- Leucomanes Presl 1851
- Mecodium Presl ex (Copeland 1937) Copeland 1938
- Meringium K.B.Presl, 1843
- Microtrichomanes (Mettenius 1864 ex Prantl 1875) Copeland 1938
- Myriodon (Copeland 1937) Copeland 1938
- Myrmecostylum K.B.Presl, 1843
- Pachyloma van den Bosch 1861
- Pleuromanes (Presl 1851) Presl 1849-51
- Pseudomecodium (Iwatsuki 1984) Satou 1997
- Ptychomanes Hedwig 1800
- Ptychophyllum K.B.Presl, 1843
- Rosenstockia Copeland 1947
- Serpyllopsis van den Bosch 1861
- Sphaerocionium K.B.Presl, 1843
- Tetralasma Philippi 1860
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Phylogeny of Hymenophyllum[2][3] |
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(Myrmecostylum) |
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H. scabrum |
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H. sanguinolentum |
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H. villosum |
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H. paniense |
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H. plicatum |
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H. seselifolium |
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H. tortuosum |
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(Fuciformia) |
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H. fuciforme |
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H. pulcherrimum |
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(Globosa) |
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H. caudiculatum |
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H. rarum |
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H. flexuosum |
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H. gracilescens |
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H. javanicum |
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H. riukiuense |
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(Sphaerocionium) |
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H. subobtusum |
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H. frankliniae |
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H. pilosissimum |
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H. lanceolatum |
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H. obtusum |
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H. lyallii |
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H. neocaledonicum |
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H. braithwaitei |
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H. tomentosum |
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H. digitatum |
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H. nitidulum |
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H. palmatifidum |
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Microtrichomanes |
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H. malingii |
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H. hygrometricum |
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H. sieberi |
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H. saenzianum |
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H. semiglabrum |
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H. consanguineum |
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H. microcarpum |
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H. fragile |
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H. latifrons |
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H. ivohibense |
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H. splendidum |
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Sphaerocionium |
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H. recurvum |
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(Mecodium) |
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H. mnioides |
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H. novoguineense |
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H. ooides |
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H. myriocarpum |
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H. apiculatum |
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H. protrusum |
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H. undulatum |
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H. kuhnii |
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H. sibthorpioides |
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H. corrugatum |
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H. wrightii |
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H. bryoides |
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H. polyanthos |
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H. punctisorum |
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H. mikawanum |
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H. fumarioides |
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H. paniculiflorum |
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H. longissimum |
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H. parallelocarpum |
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(Hymenophyllum) |
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section |
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H. dicranotrichum |
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H. dentatum |
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H. pectinatum |
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Hymenophyllum |
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section |
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Hemicyatheon |
section |
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H. rolandi-principis |
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H. dimidiatum |
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H. soriemersum |
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H. macgillivrayi |
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H. serrulatum |
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H. praetervisum |
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H. devolii |
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H. exsertum |
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H. oligosorum |
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H. pachydermicum |
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H. barbatum |
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H. acanthoides |
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H. denticulatum |
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Amphipterum |
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As of October 2022[update], World Ferns accepted the following extant species:[4]
Extinct species include:
- Trichomanes, the members of which are also called filmy ferns.
Hassler, Michael (2004–2022). "Genus Hymenophyllum J.E.Sm". World Ferns. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. Version 14.1. Retrieved 2022-10-12. Pigg, K. B.; DeVore, M. L.; Greenwood, D. R.; Sundue, M. A.; Schwartsburd, P.; Basinger, J. F. (2021). "Fossil Dennstaedtiaceae and Hymenophyllaceae from the Early Eocene of the Pacific Northwest". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 182 (9): 793–807. doi:10.1086/715633. S2CID 239036762.