Honolulu Marathon

The Honolulu Marathon (branded JAL Honolulu Marathon for sponsorship reasons) is a marathon (26.2 miles or 42.2km) in Honolulu, Hawaii, first held on December 16, 1973. It is one of the world's largest marathons,^[3] taking place annually on the second Sunday in December.^[4] The marathon is popular for its location in Hawaii, and is also popular among first-time marathoners, many of whom are visitors from Japan.

Honolulu Marathon
Start of the Honolulu Marathon in 2015
Date	Second Sunday in December
Location	Honolulu, Hawaii, US
Event type	Road
Distance	Marathon
Primary sponsor	Japan Airlines (JAL)
Established	1973 (51 years ago) (1973)
Course records	Men: 2:07:59 (2019) Titus Ekiru Women: 2:22:15 (2017) Brigid Kosgei
Official site	honolulumarathon.org
Participants	18,805 finishers (2019)[1] 19,749 finishers (2018)[2]

The 40th Honolulu Marathon, held in 2012, had 30,898 registrants, and was the second-largest marathon in the United States that year, behind the Chicago Marathon.

History

Honolulu Marathon 2006

The race began in 1973. During its formative period (1973–1978) the Honolulu Marathon doubled in size every year—a rate that has been equaled only once.^[5] That growth, like the growth of long-distance running itself, came about not from an interest in competition, but from a quest for personal longevity and an enhanced quality of life.^[6] Former Honolulu Mayor Frank Fasi has been inducted in the Honolulu Marathon Hall of Fame after documents proved that he was the true founder of the race 40 years ago.

Mayor Fasi died in 2010. With the Honolulu Marathon just days away, race officials say they have undisputed proof that Fasi made it all happen.

"We were clearing out some files and we saw a box labeled 1973 and we saw the documents that showed beyond a shadow of a doubt that Mayor Fasi was the creator and the founder of the marathon," said Jim Barahal, Honolulu Marathon President.

Now drawing more than 20,000 entries a year, the Honolulu Marathon is one of the biggest in the country. Back in 1973, there wasn't widespread interest in it. But Mayor Fasi knew about the Boston Marathon, and saw its potential here. At the forefront of the growth of the Honolulu Marathon was cardiologist Jack Scaff, one of the first physicians to prescribe running as therapy for heart disease. In 1977 Sports Illustrated's senior writer and Olympic marathoner Kenny Moore wrote a feature story about the race. That article was soon followed by the book "The Honolulu Marathon," by journalist Mark Hazard Osmun; the book was a revelatory chronicle of the then-unfolding social craze called the "Running Boom," as exemplified in the Honolulu event.

Over time, the race grew and changed, luring large corporate sponsors and paying substantial prize money to the winners. In 1995, the Honolulu Marathon enjoyed the distinction of being the world's largest marathon when it drew 34,434 entrants and had 27,022 finishers.^[7]

Unique to the Honolulu Marathon among American marathons is its popularity among runners from Japan, where there are very few marathons open to all entrants. In recent years, the majority of entrants have been visitors from Japan. The marathon is popular enough that the Honolulu Marathon Association maintains an office in Tokyo to process entries. Japan Air Lines has been the title sponsor of the race since 1985.

In 2008, 14,406 of the total 23,231 entries were from Japan, which made up nearly 62.0 percent of the field.^[8]

The 2012 Honolulu Marathon was held on Sunday, December 9, 2012. The field for the 40th Honolulu Marathon reached 30,898 entries at the marathon expo at the Hawaii Convention Center. 16,067 of those registered entrants were from Japan. The 2012 marathon was the largest in 15 years, and the second largest in America of 2012, only surpassed by the Chicago Marathon.^[9]

Organizers decided not to hold the 2020 in-person edition of the race on its original date in December due to the coronavirus pandemic, but reserved the option to postpone it to an alternate date in the first half of 2021.^[10][11][12] All registrants were given the option of running the race virtually or transferring their entry to 2021.^{[10][lower-alpha 1]}

In 2022, 92-year-old Mathea Allansmith completed the Honolulu Marathon with a time of 11:19:49, earning a Guinness World Record as the oldest woman to have completed any marathon.^[13]

Course

Starting near Ala Moana Beach Park across from Ala Moana Center, the course progresses west along the waterfront toward downtown Honolulu, then loops through downtown and bends back east through Waikiki, around Diamond Head, and out toward the eastern suburbs of Honolulu, winding through Hawaii Kai before doubling back toward the finish line at Waikiki's Kapiolani Park. Marathoners consider the course moderately difficult because of the tropical weather conditions, with temperatures starting at around 65 °F (18 °C) and rising to as high as 80 °F (27 °C), and a relatively hilly course compared with other marathons. Nevertheless, the race also remains a popular choice for first-time marathoners.^[6]

Satellite races in Iraq and Afghanistan

The Honolulu Marathon has been popular with U.S. military personnel stationed in Hawaii.^{[citation needed]} With many Hawaii-based troops deployed abroad, the marathon coordinated with the military to organize satellite marathon races on U.S. bases in Iraq and Afghanistan on the same day as the main race, with finishers receiving the same T-shirts and medals. The first such race was held in 2004 at a U.S. base in Tarin Kowt, Afghanistan. In 2005, the marathon organized a similar race at Camp Victory in Baghdad.^[14]

On Dec. 12, 2010, the 43rd Sustainment Brigade, home stationed in Fort Carson, Colo., now deployed to Kandahar Air Field, Afghanistan, organized a satellite run on the base. Nearly 135 people from several different nations participated in the run.

Finishers

In recent years, on average, about 25,000 runners finish the Honolulu Marathon each year, and it has consistently placed among the world's ten largest marathons in terms of total finishers. Entry to the Honolulu Marathon is open to anyone who can pay the entry fee. Unlike other marathons of similar size, popularity, and stature, there are no qualifying standards to meet, no fixed limits on the number of runners, and no time limit to finish the course (all runners receive an official time and certificate).

Over the past 34 years, more than 585,000 runners have started the Honolulu Marathon, with over 482,000 finishers, for a finishing rate of over 82%.^[15]

Winners

Although the difficulty of the course precludes world-record pace performances, winners of the Honolulu Marathon have used it as a stepping stone to greater achievements. For instance, three-time winner Ibrahim Hussein of Kenya later won the Boston Marathon three times; and 1993 winner Bong-Ju Lee won the silver medal and 1995 winner Josia Thugwane won the gold medal, both in the 1996 Olympic Marathon in Atlanta.

Key:    Course record (in bold)

Filex Kiprotich, the winner in 2015

Year	Male Winner	Time	Female Winner	Time	Rf.
1973	Duncan Macdonald (USA)[lower-alpha 2]	2:27:34	June Chun (USA)[lower-alpha 2]	3:25:31
1974	Jeff Galloway (USA)[lower-alpha 3]	2:23:02	Cindy Dalrymple (USA)[lower-alpha 2]	3:01:59
1975	Jack Foster (NZL)	2:17:24	Jacqueline Hansen (USA)[lower-alpha 4]	2:49:24
1976	Duncan Macdonald (USA)[lower-alpha 2]	2:20:37	Kim Merritt (USA)[lower-alpha 5]	2:44:44
1977	Jeff Wells (USA)[lower-alpha 6]	2:18:38	Cindy Dalrymple (USA)[lower-alpha 2]	2:48:08
1978	Don Kardong (USA)[lower-alpha 7]	2:17:05	Patti Lyons (USA)[lower-alpha 8]	2:43:10
1979	Dean Matthews (USA)[lower-alpha 9]	2:16:13	Patti Lyons (USA)[lower-alpha 8]	2:40:07
1980	Duncan Macdonald (USA)[lower-alpha 4]	2:16:55	Patti Lyons Catalano (USA)[lower-alpha 8]	2:35:26
1981	Jon Anderson (USA)[lower-alpha 10]	2:16:54	Patti Lyons Catalano (USA)[lower-alpha 8]	2:33:24
1982	Dave Gordon (USA)[lower-alpha 7]	2:15:30	Eileen Claugus (USA)[lower-alpha 4]	2:41:11
1983	Kevin Ryan (NZL)	2:20:19	Annick Loir-Lebreton (FRA)	2:41:25
1984	Jorge González (PRI)	2:16:25	Patti Gray (USA)[lower-alpha 4]	2:42:50
1985	Ibrahim Hussein (KEN)	2:12:08	Carla Beurskens (NED)	2:35:51
1986	Ibrahim Hussein (KEN)	2:11:43	Carla Beurskens (NED)	2:31:01
1987	Ibrahim Hussein (KEN)	2:18:26	Carla Beurskens (NED)	2:35:11
1988	Gianni Poli (ITA)	2:12:47	Cyndie Welte (USA)[lower-alpha 11]	2:41:52
1989	Simon Robert Naali (TAN)	2:11:47	Carla Beurskens (NED)	2:31:50
1990	Simon Robert Naali (TAN)	2:17:29	Carla Beurskens (NED)	2:33:34
1991	Benson Masya (KEN)	2:18:24	Ritva Lemettinen (FIN)	2:40:11
1992	Benson Masya (KEN)	2:14:19	Carla Beurskens (NED)	2:32:13
1993	Lee Bong-Ju (KOR)	2:13:16	Carla Beurskens (NED)	2:32:20
1994	Benson Masya (KEN)	2:15:04	Carla Beurskens (NED)	2:37:06
1995	Josia Thugwane (RSA)	2:16:08	Colleen De Reuck (RSA)	2:37:29
1996	Eric Kimaiyo (KEN)	2:13:23	Ramilya Burangulova (RUS)	2:34:28
1997	Eric Kimaiyo (KEN)	2:12:17	Svetlana Zakharova (RUS)	2:33:14
1998	Mbarak Kipkorir Hussein (KEN)	2:14:53	Irina Bogachova (KGZ)	2:33:27
1999	Jimmy Muindi (KEN)	2:16:45	Irina Bogachova (KGZ)	2:32:36
2000	Jimmy Muindi (KEN)	2:15:19	Lyubov Morgunova (RUS)	2:28:33
2001	Mbarak Kipkorir Hussein (KEN)	2:15:09	Lyubov Morgunova (RUS)	2:29:54
2002	Mbarak Kipkorir Hussein (KEN)	2:12:29	Svetlana Zakharova (RUS)	2:29:08
2003	Jimmy Muindi (KEN)	2:12:59	Eri Hayakawa (JPN)	2:31:56
2004	Jimmy Muindi (KEN)	2:11:12	Lyubov Morgunova (RUS)	2:27:33
2005	Jimmy Muindi (KEN)	2:12:00	Olesya Nurgalieva (RUS)	2:30:24
2006	Ambesse Tolosa (ETH)	2:13:42	Lyubov Denisova (RUS)	2:27:19
2007	Jimmy Muindi (KEN)	2:18:53	Alevtina Biktimirova (RUS)	2:33:07
2008	Patrick Ivuti (KEN)	2:14:35	Kiyoko Shimahara (JPN)	2:32:36
2009	Patrick Ivuti (KEN)	2:12:14	Svetlana Zakharova (RUS)	2:28:34
2010	Nicholas Chelimo (KEN)	2:15:18	Belaynesh Zemedkun (ETH)	2:32:13
2011	Nicholas Chelimo (KEN)	2:14:55	Woynishet Girma (ETH)	2:31:41
2012	Wilson Kipsang (KEN)	2:12:31	Valentina Galimova (RUS)	2:31:23
2013	Gilbert Chepkwony (KEN)	2:18:46	Ehitu Kiros (ETH)	2:36:02
2014	Wilson Chebet (KEN)	2:15:35	Joyce Chepkirui (KEN)	2:30:23
2015	Filex Kiprotich (KEN)	2:11:42	Joyce Chepkirui (KEN)	2:28:34
2016	Lawrence Cherono (KEN)	2:09:39	Brigid Kosgei (KEN)	2:31:11
2017	Lawrence Cherono (KEN)	2:08:27	Brigid Kosgei (KEN)	2:22:15
2018	Titus Ekiru (KEN)	2:09:01	Vivian Jerono Kiplagat (KEN)	2:36:22	[16]
2019	Titus Ekiru (KEN)	2:07:59	Margaret Muriuki (KEN)	2:31:09	[1]
2020	suspended due to coronavirus pandemic[lower-alpha 12]				[10]
2021	Emmanuel Saina (KEN)	2:14:30	Lanni Marchant (CAN)	2:41:24	[17]
2022	Asefa Mengstu (ETH)	2:14:40	Asayech Ayalew Bere (ETH)	2:30:58
2023	Paul Lonyangata (KEN)	2:15:41	Cynthia Jerotich Limo (KEN)	2:33:01	[18]

2007 winner disqualified

Ethiopian Ambesse Tolossa was disqualified as the men's champion because the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency found he had a banned substance in his system.^[19]

Deaths

• 2002 Grant Hirohata-Goto, 33

Timing problems in 2007

In 2007 the Marathon organizers switched from the ChampionChip timing system they had used since 2000 to a new system from SAI which utilized a smaller, lighter, chip implanted in a strip of paper. For a myriad of reasons that are not yet entirely clear (heavy rains, improper usage, failed generators) the timing devices apparently failed to accurately record the start, split and finish times of all 24,300 participants, forcing race officials to manually review finish line video tape of all 24,000+ runners in order to confirm their correct finishing times.^[20]

Notes

1. If the 2020 marathon is to be held on an alternate date, this would result in the possibility of both the 2020 and 2021 Honolulu Marathons being held in 2021, and registrants who did not run the race virtually would have the option of transferring their entry to either the (postponed) 2020 marathon, or the 2021 marathon.^[10]
2. From Hawaii
3. From Georgia
4. From California
5. From Wisconsin
6. From Texas
7. From Washington
8. From Massachusetts
9. From South Carolina
10. From Oregon
11. From Ohio
12. It is unclear whether the marathon would be postponed or cancelled.^[10]

References

1. "Honolulu Marathon". Archived from the original on 2020-10-25.
2. "Honolulu Marathon 2018". Archived from the original on 25 October 2020.
3. "AIMS - World's Largest Marathons". aims-worldrunning.org. Archived from the original on 2019-05-16. Retrieved 2019-03-11.
4. "Honolulu Marathon". Association of Road Racing Statisticians. Retrieved April 11, 2011.
5. "You searched for historybyyear". Honolulu Marathon. Retrieved 2019-03-11.
6. Moore, Kenny (27 February 1978). "Honolulu Marathon Clinic". Sports Illustrated. pp. 60–68. Retrieved 2008-03-31.^{[dead link]}
7. Cisco, Dan (1999). Hawai'i sports: history, facts, and statistics. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 0-8248-2121-1. p. 228.
8. "You searched for entrantsjapan". Honolulu Marathon.
9. "Road Closures for the 2012 Honolulu Marathon". Hawaii News Now. December 8, 2012. Retrieved 2019-03-11.
10. "Update - 2020 Honolulu Marathon". 9 September 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-10-23.
11. "Honolulu Marathon goes virtual amid pandemic". 23 October 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-10-23.
12. Staff, Star-Advertiser (October 23, 2020). "Honolulu Marathon canceled due to coronavirus pandemic". Honolulu Star-Advertiser.
13. "It's Official! 92-Year-Old's Marathon World Record Finally Approved". Runner's World. August 3, 2023.
14. "Satellite Races".
15. "Champions 1973-2006". Honolulu Marathon. 2001-12-21. Archived from the original on 2007-05-15. Retrieved 2007-05-25.
16. "Honolulu Marathon 2018". Archived from the original on 2020-10-25.
17. Honolulu Marathon. (2021, December 12). Pseresults.Com. Retrieved December 29, 2021, from https://pseresults.com/events/1207/results
18. "Honolulu Marathon Events - Marathon". live.pseresults.com. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
19. "Honolulu Marathon winner disqualified". Pacific Business News. June 24, 2008. Retrieved 2019-03-11.
20. "All 24,000 Honolulu Marathon times flawed". Honolulu Advertiser. 2007-12-14. Retrieved 2007-12-14.

Further reading

• Moore, Kenny (27 February 1978). "Honolulu Marathon Clinic". Sports Illustrated. pp. 60–68. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
• Scaff Jr, Jack (1988). Your First Marathon: The Honolulu Marathon Clinic's Rules of the Road. Honolulu: Kakui Plaza Medical Associates.

External links

• Official website
• Marathon Info
• Account of the 2004 Honolulu Marathon satellite race in Afghanistan (PDF)
• Honolulu Advertiser - report on 2005 satellite race in Iraq