Mid-Kent line

The Mid-Kent line^[1] (also referred to as the Hayes line by train operators,^[2] official bodies^[3] and the general public^[4]) is a British railway line running from Courthill Loop North junction^[5] (just south of Lewisham station) to Hayes railway station in the London Borough of Bromley. Despite its name, none of the line is in the present-day county of Kent.

Mid-Kent line / Hayes line
A Southeastern Class 465 at Hayes station
Overview
Status	Operational
Owner	Network Rail
Locale	Greater London
Termini	Lewisham Hayes
Stations	10
Service
Type	Commuter rail, Suburban rail
System	National Rail
Operator(s)	Southeastern
Rolling stock	Class 376 "Electrostar" Class 465 "Networker" Class 466 "Networker" Class 707 "Desiro City"
History
Opened	1857
Technical
Number of tracks	2
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification	750 V Direct Current third rail
Operating speed	60 mph (97 km/h) maximum
Route map (Click to expand)

v t e Mid-Kent line (Hayes line)
Legend
South Eastern Main Line to Charing Cross Greenwich Park branch line to Nunhead Proposed Bakerloo line extension to Elephant & Castle Lewisham North Kent Line to Rochester South Eastern Main Line to Charing Cross South Eastern Main Line to Dover Priory Ladywell Catford loop line to Brixton Catford Bridge Catford Catford loop line to Shortlands Lower Sydenham Chatham Main Line to Faversham Beckenham Junction New Beckenham New Beckenham (1864–1866) Chatham Main Line to London Victoria Crystal Palace line to Streatham Hill Clock House Elmers End Woodside Woodside & S. Croydon Joint Railway to Sanderstead Carriage depot (closed 1993) Addiscombe Eden Park West Wickham Hayes

Description

• Services commence at either Charing Cross via Waterloo East, or Cannon Street.
• London Bridge – North Kent Junction, Bermondsey: The pioneer London and Greenwich Railway opened its line on 8 February 1836. This section is built on a brick viaduct
• North Kent Junction – Lewisham: opened 30 July 1849 as the North Kent Railway, now called the North Kent line. Most of the railway here is in cutting with the four tracks passing through St Johns railway station, the two northernmost leading into Lewisham station.
• Lewisham – New Beckenham: opened 1 January 1857 as the Mid-Kent line. This opening created a junction at Lewisham.
• New Beckenham – Elmers End: opened on 1 April 1864 as part of an extension of the Mid-Kent line to Addiscombe
• Elmers End – Hayes: this section was built by the West Wickham & Hayes Railway, but was sold to the South Eastern Railway on opening day, 29 May 1882

Services

All services along the line are operated by Southeastern. The standard off-peak service is four trains per hour (tph) each way between London Charing Cross and Hayes, two non-stop between London Bridge and Ladywell, and two that stop additionally at Lewisham.

History

Early years 1857–1922

The existing Mid-Kent line consists of three sections built at different times. The Mid Kent Railway was built by the Mid-Kent and North Kent Junction Railway (MK&NKJR) and was opened on 1 January 1857 from Lewisham (where the existing station was closed and a new station re-opened at the junction) as far as Beckenham Junction (although it was not technically a junction as the West End of London and Crystal Palace Railway’s line did not open until 3 May 1858). From opening the line was worked by the South Eastern Railway (SER) and served new stations at Ladywell, Catford Bridge, Lower Sydenham and Beckenham (Junction).^[6]

Seven years later the MK&NKJR built an extension from a new junction station at New Beckenham to Croydon (Addiscombe Road) which again was operated by the SER.^[7] The line diverged from the 1857 line to the west of Beckenham Junction and a new station was built in the junction area. This was re-located northwards two years later.

In September 1866 a short spur was opened from the north end of Ladywell station to the recently opened South Eastern Main Line avoiding Lewisham station, which it joins at Parks Bridge Junction.^[8]

The Elmers End – Hayes section was built by the West Wickham & Hayes Railway, but was sold to the South Eastern Railway in 1881, opening on 29 May 1882. Intermediate stations were opened at Eden Park and West Wickham.

A 1908 Railway Clearing House map of part of the Hayes Line, between Lower Sydenham and Elmers End, showing the now closed Addiscombe Line and W&SCR branches off the Hayes Line

Clock House station was opened in June 1890.

In 1898 the South Eastern Railway and its bitter rivals the London Chatham and Dover Railway agreed to work as one railway company under the name of the South Eastern and Chatham Railway and thus the stations became an SECR stations.

The original Lower Sydenham station was closed and moved half a mile south in 1906 in an attempt to develop a new area for housing.

On 14 June 1913 members of the Suffragettes movement planted a bomb which was discovered in the ladies waiting room at Eden Park railway station. The clockwork mechanism had stopped working and so it didn't go off. This event followed the death of Emily Wilding Davison six days earlier after her attempt to stop the King's horse at The Derby.^[9]

Southern Railway 1923–1947

Following the Railways Act 1921 (also known as the Grouping Act), the Mid-Kent line came under the control of the Southern Railway. The line was electrified with other SECR suburban routes in 1926.

Hayes, West Wickham and Elmers End stations were all damaged by enemy bombs during the Second World War, in 1940.^[10]

British Railways 1948–1994

After World War II and following nationalisation on 1 January 1948, the line became part of British Railways Southern Region.

In 1956 platform lengths were extended to accommodate 10-car trains.

During the 1960s the local goods yards at Catford Bridge, Lower Sydenham, Clock House, Elmers End, West Wickham and Hayes all closed as did the gas works internal railway at Lower Sydenham.^[11]

Colour light signalling was introduced south of Ladywell (as far as New Beckenham) on 4 April 1971.^[12] The line was fully converted to colour light operation in September 1975 under the control of London Bridge Signalling Centre. The old mechanical signal boxes closed at this time.^[13]

Upon sectorisation in 1982, the line came under the control of the London & South East sector, which was renamed Network SouthEast in 1986.^[14]

Goods services were withdrawn in 1964 with the exception of Beckenham Junction which survived until 1982.^[15]

During the planning of the London Underground Fleet line, now the Jubilee line, it was suggested that the Mid-Kent line be taken over. However a more northerly alignment was instead taken. The section from Elmers End to Addiscombe was closed in 1997 and taken over by Tramlink operations.

Future plans

Main article: Bakerloo line extension

Since the late 2000s, Transport for London (TfL) has been planning an extension of the Bakerloo line from Elephant & Castle to Lewisham via Old Kent Road.^[16] Following completion of the Lewisham extension, TfL proposes extending the line over the existing National Rail line to Hayes and Beckenham Junction, adding an additional 10 stations to the line.^[17] The line would have to be converted for the Bakerloo line; TfL has stated that all stations along the line would be made step-free from street to train.^[18] Bromley Council is supportive of the extension to Lewisham, but does not support the extension to Hayes and Beckenham Junction.^[19]

Due to the financial situations resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, work to implement the extension is currently on hold.^[20][21] In March 2021, TfL's finance chief stated that the extension would not be seen in the next decade.^[22]

References

1. Quail Map 5 – England South [page 4]. September 2002. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
2. "Lines of route". Southeastern. Archived from the original on 28 September 2012.
3. "TfL funds Hayes Line station improvements" (Press release). Transport for London. 17 September 2004.
4. "Hayes (Kent) line - London Banter".
5. Network Rail (April 2001). South Zone Sectional Appendix. Vol. Module SO. p. SO330 1/118. SO/SA/001A.
6. "The History of Railways in Beckenham". Beckenham History. Retrieved 22 February 2011.
7. Jackson, Alan A (1999). London's Local Railways (2nd ed.). Harrow Weald: Capital Transport Publishing. pp. 37–40.
8. Jackson, Alan A (1999). London's Local Railways (2nd ed.). Harrow Weald: Capital Transport Publishing. p. 37.
9. Gray, Lesley. "Suffragette timeline". The King's Jockey. Lesley Gray. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
10. "Hayes (Kent)". www.kentrail.org.uk. Retrieved 8 October 2024.
11. "Hayes (Kent)". www.kentrail.org.uk. Retrieved 8 October 2024.
12. Jackson, Alan A (1999). London's Local Railways (2nd ed.). Harrow Weald: Capital Transport Publishing. p. 47.
13. Mitchell, Vic; Smith, Keith (September 1993). London Bridge to Addiscombe. Midhurst, UK: Middleton Press. p. 83. ISBN 1-873793-20-0.
14. Thomas, David St John; Whitehouse, Patrick (1990). BR in the Eighties. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 978-0-7153-9854-8. OL 11253354M. Wikidata Q112224535.
15. "The Railways of Beckenham", Andrew Hajducki, 2011^{[page needed]}
16. O'Byrne Mulligan, Euan (1 March 2021). "Bakerloo Line Lewisham extension route secured for development". News Shopper. Petts Wood, Kent. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
17. "Bakerloo line extension – Further Extension to Hayes and Beckenham Junction – Summary Report" (PDF). Transport for London. October 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
18. Pidgeon, Caroline; Khan, Sadiq (4 November 2019). "Bakerloo Line extension (2)". Mayor's Question Time. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
19. "Bakerloo extension to Hayes will be challenged" (Press release). Bromley Council. 18 October 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
20. Marshall, Jordan (10 March 2021). "TfL mothballs Crossrail 2 and Bakerloo line extension because of pandemic". Building Design. Archived from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
21. Lydall, Ross (17 March 2021). "TfL: No more 'mega projects' and not enough money to finish Crossrail". Evening Standard. London. Archived from the original on 17 March 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
22. "Bakerloo line extension? Not in next decade – TfL finance chief". London SE1. 10 March 2021. Archived from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2021.

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