Hanguana

Hanguana is a genus of flowering plants with a dozen known species.^[3] It is the only genus in the family Hanguanaceae.

Hanguana
Hanguana rubinea, fruiting
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Commelinales
Family:	Hanguanaceae Airy Shaw[1]
Genus:	Hanguana Blume
Type species
Hanguana kassintu Blume
Synonyms[2]
Susum Blume Veratronia Miq.

The APG IV system of 2016 recognizes such a family and places it in the order Commelinales, in the clade commelinids, in the monocots (unchanged from the APG III system of 2009 and the APG II system of 2003.^[4][1] This represents a slight change from the APG system, of 1998, which left Hanguanaceae unplaced as to order, but assigned it to these same clades (although it used the name commelinoids). The family consists of only very few species of perennial, tropical plants in Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Micronesia, and northern Australia.^[2][5][6]

Species currently accepted (August 2014):^[2]

1. Hanguana bakoensis Siti Nurfazilah, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Sarawak
2. Hanguana bogneri Tillich & E.Sill - Sarawak
3. Hanguana exultans Siti Nurfazilah, Mohd Fahmi, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Peninsular Malaysia
4. Hanguana kassintu Blume - Java
5. Hanguana loi Mohd Fahmi, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Sarawak
6. Hanguana major Airy Shaw - Sarawak, Sabah
7. Hanguana malayana (Jack) Merr. - Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Philippines, New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, Palau. Bakong (Hanguana malayana) is abundant in Laguna de Cagayan's agricultural wasteland, specifically in Santa Teresita, Cagayan, Mindoro, Palawan, Lanao del Sur, Agusan del Sur, and Surigao.^[7] The aquatic plant grows to three meters and is used to make pulp, yarn, bioplastics, textile, clothing, accessories, furniture and paper handicrafts.^[8]
8. Hanguana neglecta ? - Malaya
9. Hanguana nitens Siti Nurfazilah, Mohd Fahmi, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Peninsular Malaysia
10. Hanguana pantiensis Siti Nurfazilah, Mohd Fahmi, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Peninsular Malaysia
11. Hanguana podzolica Siti Nurfazilah, Mohd Fahmi, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Peninsular Malaysia
12. Hanguana rubinea Škorničk. & P.C.Boyce - Singapore
13. Hanguana stenopoda Siti Nurfazilah, Mohd Fahmi, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Peninsular Malaysia
14. Hanguana triangulata Škorničk. & P.C.Boyce - Singapore

References

1. Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 181 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1111/boj.12385. ISSN 0024-4074.
2. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
3. Christenhusz, M. J. M.; Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
4. Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. hdl:10654/18083.
5. Govaerts, R. (2004). World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-54382. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
6. Siti Nurfazilah, A.R., Ahmed Sofiman, O., Mohd Fahmi, A.B. & Boyce, P.C. (2010). Studies on Hanguana (Commelinales, Hanguanaceae) for Sunda II: Five new forest species from Peninsular Malaysia and recircumscription of Hanguana malayana. Willdenowia 40: 205-219
7. De Borja, Ria (September 29, 2024). "Bakong, a wild plant, is birthing new designs in the Philippines". Rappler. Retrieved October 2, 2024.
8. "New fiber products made with waste product, disliked plant". BusinessWorld. January 30, 2023. Retrieved October 2, 2024.

External links

• Monocot families (USDA)
• links at CSDL Archived 2008-12-01 at the Wayback Machine