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Core city in Kantō, Japan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hachiōji (八王子市, Hachiōji-shi) is a city located in the western portion of the Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. As of 31 March 2021[update], the city had an estimated population of 561,344, and a population density of 3,000 persons per km2.[1] The total area of the city is 186.38 km2 (71.96 sq mi). It is the most populous city in Tokyo outside of the special wards.
Hachiōji
八王子市 | |
|---|---|
View of top left, Downtown Hachioji, Komiya Park, Naganuma Park, Mount Takao, stone fence and bridge in Hachioji Castle site, Yakuoin in Mount Takao, Hachioji Ramen, Hachioji Traditional Festival on August | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Location of Hachiōji in Tokyo | |
 | |
  Hachiōji | |
| Coordinates: 35°39′59.2″N 139°18′57.6″E | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Kantō |
| Prefecture | Tokyo |
| First official recorded | 3rd century AD (official) |
| Town settled | April 1, 1889 |
| City settled | September 1, 1917 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Kazuo Shiyake (Since January 2024) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 186.38 km2 (71.96 sq mi) |
| Population (March 2021) | |
| • Total | 561,344 |
| • Density | 3,000/km2 (7,800/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) |
| Phone number | 042-626-3111 |
| Address | 3-24-1 Motohongo-cho, Hachiōji-shi, Tokyo 192-8501 |
| Climate | Cfa |
| Website | Official website |
| Symbols | |
| Bird | Blue-and-white flycatcher |
| Flower | Lilium auratum |
| Tree | Ginkgo biloba |
Hachiōji is located in the foothills of the Okutama Mountains of western Tokyo, about 40 kilometers west of the center of the 23 special wards of Tokyo. The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains, forming the Hachioji Basin which opens up toward the east in the direction of Tokyo. The mountain ranges in the southwest include Mount Takao (599 m) and Mount Jinba (857 m), two popular hiking destinations which can be reached by train and bus, respectively.
Hachiōji has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Hachiōji is 13.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1998 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.3 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.4 °C.[2]
| Climate data for Hachioji (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1976−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 19.9 (67.8) |
24.0 (75.2) |
26.6 (79.9) |
32.2 (90.0) |
37.1 (98.8) |
36.0 (96.8) |
39.3 (102.7) |
39.3 (102.7) |
39.2 (102.6) |
32.7 (90.9) |
26.7 (80.1) |
26.0 (78.8) |
39.3 (102.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.3 (48.7) |
10.3 (50.5) |
13.7 (56.7) |
19.1 (66.4) |
23.6 (74.5) |
26.0 (78.8) |
30.1 (86.2) |
31.4 (88.5) |
27.1 (80.8) |
21.5 (70.7) |
16.4 (61.5) |
11.7 (53.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.4 (38.1) |
4.5 (40.1) |
8.0 (46.4) |
13.3 (55.9) |
18.1 (64.6) |
21.4 (70.5) |
25.4 (77.7) |
26.4 (79.5) |
22.6 (72.7) |
16.9 (62.4) |
11.1 (52.0) |
5.9 (42.6) |
14.7 (58.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.8 (28.8) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
2.7 (36.9) |
7.7 (45.9) |
12.9 (55.2) |
17.4 (63.3) |
21.5 (70.7) |
22.4 (72.3) |
18.8 (65.8) |
13.0 (55.4) |
6.4 (43.5) |
0.8 (33.4) |
10.1 (50.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −8.7 (16.3) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
2.6 (36.7) |
10.0 (50.0) |
13.3 (55.9) |
15.4 (59.7) |
7.9 (46.2) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 54.1 (2.13) |
46.1 (1.81) |
102.9 (4.05) |
114.1 (4.49) |
124.7 (4.91) |
172.0 (6.77) |
188.3 (7.41) |
212.5 (8.37) |
264.4 (10.41) |
230.8 (9.09) |
80.1 (3.15) |
53.1 (2.09) |
1,643 (64.69) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 4.5 | 4.9 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 12.7 | 12.5 | 10.4 | 12.2 | 10.5 | 7.2 | 4.9 | 108.2 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 201.1 | 179.7 | 174.9 | 179.3 | 176.0 | 119.7 | 145.1 | 177.3 | 128.0 | 132.4 | 157.0 | 184.2 | 1,954.5 |
| Source: JMA[3][4] | |||||||||||||
Per Japanese census data,[5] the population of Hachiōji has recently plateaued after nine decades of strong growth.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1920 | 78,705 | — |
| 1930 | 95,389 | +21.2% |
| 1940 | 111,028 | +16.4% |
| 1950 | 131,470 | +18.4% |
| 1960 | 164,622 | +25.2% |
| 1970 | 253,407 | +53.9% |
| 1980 | 387,178 | +52.8% |
| 1990 | 466,347 | +20.4% |
| 2000 | 536,046 | +14.9% |
| 2010 | 580,053 | +8.2% |
| 2020 | 579,355 | −0.1% |
The area of present-day Hachiōji was part of ancient Musashi Province. It has been an important junction point and post town along the Kōshū Kaidō, the main road that connected the historical Edo (today's Tokyo) with western Japan. Hachiōji Castle was built during the Sengoku period in 1584 by Hōjō Ujiteru, but was destroyed in 1590 by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. During the Edo period, the area was tenryō controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate. In the post-Meiji Restoration cadastral reform of July 22, 1878, the area became part of Minamitama District in Kanagawa Prefecture. The town of Hachiōji was created on April 1, 1889, with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Minaitama District was transferred to the administrative control of Tokyo Metropolis on April 1, 1893. Hachiōji gained city status on September 1, 1917.
During the 1964 Summer Olympics, the city played host to the road cycling events. A velodrome in the city played host to the track cycling events.[6]
Hachiōji became a Core city on April 1, 2015 with increased local autonomy.
Hachiōji has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 40 members, whose members are elected for a four-year term. Hachiōji contributes five members to the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is divided between the Tokyo 21st district and Tokyo 24th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.
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During the Meiji period, Hachiōji prospered as an important location for the production of silk and silk textiles. The industry faded away, however, in the 1960s. Today, Hachiōji mainly serves as a commuter town for people working in Tokyo, and as a location for many large colleges and universities.
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education operates nine public high schools, and the Hachioji School for the Blind. There are also eleven private high schools.
Metropolitan high schools:
Hachiōji has 70 public elementary schools and 37 public junior high schools operated by the city government, as well as four public combined elementary/junior high schools.
Combined public elementary and junior high schools:[7]
Municipal junior high schools:[7]
Municipal elementary schools:[7]
Former:
Keio Corporation - Keiō Takao Line
Keio Corporation - Sagamihara Line
Tokyo Tama Intercity Monorail - Tama Toshi Monorail Line
Hachioji stretches over a large area, combining such diverse parts as the densely populated city center and its shopping district with the hardly populated rural areas in the west.
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