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Gravitoelectromagnetism
Analogies between Maxwell's and Einstein's field equations / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Gravitoelectromagnetism, abbreviated GEM, refers to a set of formal analogies between the equations for electromagnetism and relativistic gravitation; specifically: between Maxwell's field equations and an approximation, valid under certain conditions, to the Einstein field equations for general relativity. Gravitomagnetism is a widely used term referring specifically to the kinetic effects of gravity, in analogy to the magnetic effects of moving electric charge.[1] The most common version of GEM is valid only far from isolated sources, and for slowly moving test particles.
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The analogy and equations differing only by some small factors were first published in 1893, before general relativity, by Oliver Heaviside as a separate theory expanding Newton's law of universal gravitation.[2][better source needed]