Gibbs isotherm
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The Gibbs adsorption isotherm for multicomponent systems is an equation used to relate the changes in concentration of a component in contact with a surface with changes in the surface tension, which results in a corresponding change in surface energy. For a binary system, the Gibbs adsorption equation in terms of surface excess is:
where
- is the surface tension,
- i is the surface excess concentration of component i,
- i is the chemical potential of component i.