GNG3

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNG3 gene.^[5][6]

GNG3
Identifiers
Aliases	GNG3, G protein subunit gamma 3, HG3D
External IDs	OMIM: 608941; MGI: 102704; HomoloGene: 22575; GeneCards: GNG3; OMA:GNG3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human)[1] Band 11q12.3 Start 62,707,676 bp[1] End 62,709,201 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 19 (mouse)[2] Band 19 A|19 5.76 cM Start 8,814,297 bp[2] End 8,816,558 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right frontal lobe right hemisphere of cerebellum dorsolateral prefrontal cortex prefrontal cortex cingulate gyrus anterior cingulate cortex Brodmann area 9 spinal ganglia Amygdala ganglionic eminence Top expressed in perirhinal cortex entorhinal cortex central gray substance of midbrain medial dorsal nucleus CA3 field inferior colliculi subiculum superior colliculus primary motor cortex paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function G protein-coupled receptor binding signal transducer activity type 1 angiotensin receptor binding protein binding GTPase activity G-protein beta-subunit binding Cellular component cell body plasma membrane dendrite membrane heterotrimeric G-protein complex postsynaptic density G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex Biological process positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway signal transduction Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2785 14704 Ensembl ENSG00000162188 ENSMUSG00000071658 UniProt P63215 P63216 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_012202 NM_010316 RefSeq (protein) NP_036334 NP_034446 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 62.71 – 62.71 Mb Chr 19: 8.81 – 8.82 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

G proteins are heterotrimers of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. Gamma subunits, such as GNG3, contribute to the specificity of the hundreds of receptor signaling pathways involving G proteins (Schwindinger et al., 2004).[supplied by OMIM]^[6]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000162188 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000071658 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Downes GB, Gautam N (Mar 2000). "The G protein subunit gene families". Genomics. 62 (3): 544–52. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5992. PMID 10644457.
6. "Entrez Gene: GNG3 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 3".

Further reading

• Wedegaertner PB, Wilson PT, Bourne HR (1995). "Lipid modifications of trimeric G proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (2): 503–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.2.503. PMID 7822269.
• Garcia-Higuera I, Thomas TC, Yi F, Neer EJ (1996). "Intersubunit surfaces in G protein alpha beta gamma heterotrimers. Analysis by cross-linking and mutagenesis of beta gamma". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (1): 528–35. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.1.528. PMID 8550614.
• Yan K, Kalyanaraman V, Gautam N (1996). "Differential ability to form the G protein betagamma complex among members of the beta and gamma subunit families". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (12): 7141–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.12.7141. PMID 8636150.
• Morishita R, Saga S, Kawamura N, et al. (1997). "Differential localization of the gamma 3 and gamma 12 subunits of G proteins in the mammalian brain". J. Neurochem. 68 (2): 820–7. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68020820.x. PMID 9003074. S2CID 83968908.
• Bell B, Xing H, Yan K, et al. (1999). "KSR-1 binds to G-protein betagamma subunits and inhibits beta gamma-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (12): 7982–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.12.7982. PMID 10075696.
• Hurowitz EH, Melnyk JM, Chen YJ, et al. (2000). "Genomic characterization of the human heterotrimeric G protein alpha, beta, and gamma subunit genes". DNA Res. 7 (2): 111–20. doi:10.1093/dnares/7.2.111. PMID 10819326.
• Evanko DS, Thiyagarajan MM, Siderovski DP, Wedegaertner PB (2001). "Gbeta gamma isoforms selectively rescue plasma membrane localization and palmitoylation of mutant Galphas and Galphaq". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (26): 23945–53. doi:10.1074/jbc.M101154200. PMID 11294873.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Cuello F, Schulze RA, Heemeyer F, et al. (2003). "Activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by a high energy phosphate transfer via nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) B and Gbeta subunits. Complex formation of NDPK B with Gbeta gamma dimers and phosphorylation of His-266 IN Gbeta". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (9): 7220–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210304200. PMID 12486123.
• Kato C, Mizutani T, Tamaki H, et al. (2004). "Characterization of heterotrimeric G protein complexes in rice plasma membrane". Plant J. 38 (2): 320–31. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2004.02046.x. PMID 15078334.
• Schwindinger WF, Giger KE, Betz KS, et al. (2004). "Mice with Deficiency of G Protein γ3 Are Lean and Have Seizures". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (17): 7758–68. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.17.7758-7768.2004. PMC 506985. PMID 15314181.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.