Francis Dutton

Francis Stacker Dutton CMG (18 October 1818 – 25 January 1877) was the seventh Premier of South Australia, serving twice, firstly in 1863 and again in 1865.^[1]

The Honourable Francis Dutton CMG
7th Premier of South Australia
In office 4 July 1863 – 15 July 1863
Monarch	Victoria
Governor	Sir Dominick Daly
Preceded by	George Waterhouse
Succeeded by	Sir Henry Ayers
Constituency	Light
In office 22 March 1865 – 20 September 1865
Monarch	Victoria
Governor	Sir Dominick Daly
Preceded by	Sir Arthur Blyth
Succeeded by	Sir Henry Ayers
Personal details
Born	18 October 1818 Cuxhaven, Lower Saxony
Died	25 January 1877(1877-01-25) (aged 58) London, United Kingdom

Early life and education

Francis Dutton was born at Cuxhaven, Germany, where his father was British vice-consul, in 1818. He was educated at Hofwyl College, near Bern in Switzerland, and afterwards at the high school at Bremen in Germany.^{[citation needed]}

At 17, he went to Brazil as a junior clerk and was there for about five years, in Bahia and Rio de Janeiro.^{[citation needed]}

Career

In 1839, Francis joined his older brothers Hampden, Pelham and Frederick^[2] in Sydney, went overland to Melbourne, and followed mercantile pursuits for about 18 months

He then joined his brother Frederick at Adelaide, in the colony of South Australia, and in 1842 or early in 1843, discovered copper at Kapunda, 45 miles north of Adelaide. He showed the specimen he had found to Captain Charles Bagot, who produced a similar specimen that his son had found in the same locality. The land was purchased and samples were sent to England, which showed a high percentage of copper. Dutton visited England in 1845 and sold his interest in the mine for a large sum. While in London, he prepared for publication his South Australia and its Mines, a work of 360 pages, a valuable contemporary account of the new colony published in 1846.^{[citation needed]}

Dutton returned to South Australia in 1847, and in 1849 became a member of the Adelaide board of city commissioners. In 1850 Dutton wrote "Constitution fuer Suedaustralien: Gesetz zur bessern Regierung der australischen Colonien Ihrer Majestaet" (In English: Constitution for South Australia: Act for the better government of Her Majesty's Australian Colonies) to bring discussions on the formation of a constitution in South Australia to the attention of German settlers.^[3]

He was elected a member of the Legislative Council for East Adelaide in 1851 and sat until 1857, when he was elected to the House of Assembly as member for City of Adelaide (9 March 1857 to 18 March 1860) and then for Light (19 March 1860 to 22 Apr 1862; and 17 November 1862 to 28 September 1865).^[4] He was Commissioner of Crown Lands and Immigration in the Hanson government from 30 September 1857 to 2 June 1859, and was premier from 4 to 15 July 1863.^[4] He formed his second cabinet on 22 March 1865 and was premier and commissioner of public works until 20 September of the same year,^[4] when he became agent-general for South Australia in London.

He was a good linguist, able to speak French, German, and Portuguese, and had an excellent knowledge of business.^{[citation needed]}

Death

Dutton died on 25 January 1877.^{[citation needed]}

Recognition

Dutton was made a Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in 1872.^[1] He was also a Fellow of the Geographical Society, Associate of the Institute of Civil Engineers, and a Member of both the Royal Institution of Great Britain and Colonial Institute.^[2]

Dutton's Bluff, later Dutton Bluff, a hill some 66 km north-west of Quorn, was named for him^[5] and the Victorian government botanist named Eremophila duttonii in his honour.^[6][7]

Family

Dutton married Caroline MacDermott (ca.1822 – 1 June 1855), a daughter of Marshall MacDermott on 7 November 1849; they had two sons and a daughter:^[1]

• Francis "Frank" MacDermott Dutton (1850 – c. 9 May 1932)^[8]
• Caroline Birch Dutton (15 August 1852 – 1950) married barrister Charles Thomas Mitchell in Norland, Middlesex on 17 August 1878. Her portrait was painted by Carlile Henry Hayes Macartney^[9]
• Sir Frederick Dutton (14 April 1855 – c. 10 October 1930), solicitor of Wilkins, Blyth, Dutton and Hartley, married Beatrice Aimee Bridger MBE (1863 – 1 August 1928) in 1883.^[10]

William Hampden Dutton (1805–1849), pastoralist of Anlaby Station and miner at Kapunda, was a brother, as was pastoralist and parliamentarian Frederick Hansborough Dutton (1812–1890).

Note: William Dutton (1811–1878), sometimes referred to as "William Pelham Dutton", ship's captain, whaler and pioneer of Portland, Victoria, was not closely related. Author Geoffrey Dutton, great-grandson of W. H. Dutton, warned against this confusion in his article on F. S. Dutton in the Australian Dictionary of Biography.^[1] For his relationship to other people prominent in the history of South Australia see separate article.

References

1. Dutton, Geoffrey. "Dutton, Francis Stacker (1818–1877)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
2. "Mr. Francis S. Dutton". Australian Town and Country Journal. Sydney. 10 February 1877. p. 13. Retrieved 25 November 2015 – via Trove.
3. Dutton, Francis (1850). Constitution fuer Suedaustralien: Gesetz zur bessern Regierung der australischen Colonien Ihrer Majestaet. [Adelaide?: publisher not identified.
4. "Mr Francis Dutton". Former members of the Parliament of South Australia. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
5. "Nomenclature of South Australia". The Register. Adelaide. 23 May 1908. p. 10. Retrieved 21 November 2015 – via Trove.
6. Chinnock, R.J. (Bob) (2007). Eremophila and allied genera : a monograph of the plant family Myoporaceae (1st ed.). Dural, NSW: Rosenberg. pp. 649–651. ISBN 9781877058165.
7. Brown, Andrew; Buirchell, Bevan (2011). A field guide to the eremophilas of Western Australia (1st ed.). Hamilton Hill, W.A.: Simon Nevill Publications. p. 91. ISBN 9780980348156.
8. "Rail Revenue Still Mounting". The Chronicle. Adelaide. 12 May 1932. p. 37. Retrieved 25 November 2015 – via Trove.
9. "Caroine Birch Mitchell nee Dutton". Art UK. Retrieved 5 March 2018.
10. "Death of Sir Frederick Dutton". The Advertiser. Adelaide. 15 October 1930. p. 14. Retrieved 25 November 2015 – via Trove.

Sources

• Parliament of South Australia - Dutton
• South Australian Register and South Australian Advertiser, 29 January 1877.
• F. Dutton (1846), South Australia and its Mines, London: T. and W. Boone.
• Mennell, Philip (1892). "Dutton, Francis Stacker" . The Dictionary of Australasian Biography. London: Hutchinson & Co – via Wikisource.
• "Our Agents-General.—No. 1.: Mr. Francis S. Dutton". South Australian Register. Adelaide. 21 April 1873. p. 6. Retrieved 16 March 2012 – via Trove.

 

Political offices
Preceded by Marshall MacDermott	Commissioner of Crown Lands and Immigration 30 Sep 1857 – 2 Jun 1859	Succeeded by John Neales
Preceded by Henry Strangways	Commissioner of Crown Lands and Immigration 4 Jul 1863 – 15 Jul 1863	Succeeded by Lavington Glyde
Preceded by George Waterhouse	Premier of South Australia 4 Jul 1863 – 15 Jul 1863	Succeeded by Henry Ayers
Preceded by Arthur Blyth	Premier of South Australia 22 Mar 1865 – 20 Sep 1865
Preceded by William Milne	Commissioner of Public Works 22 Mar 1865 – 20 Sep 1865	Succeeded by Philip Santo
Parliament of South Australia
Preceded by New district	Member for City of Adelaide 1857–1860 Served alongside: Robert Torrens, Judah Solomon, Richard Hanson, Boyle Finniss, John Neales, William Burford, William Owen	Succeeded by Matthew Moorhouse
Preceded by David Shannon	Member for Light 1860–1862 Served alongside: John Bagot	Succeeded by John Rowe
Preceded by John Rowe	Member for Light 1862–1865 Served alongside: John Bagot	Succeeded by John Rounsevell
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Gregory Walters	Agent-General for South Australia 1865–1877	Succeeded by Arthur Blyth