Euler calculus
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For numerical analysis of ordinary differential equations, see Euler's method.
Euler calculus is a methodology from applied algebraic topology and integral geometry that integrates constructible functions and more recently definable functions[1] by integrating with respect to the Euler characteristic as a finitely-additive measure. In the presence of a metric, it can be extended to continuous integrands via the Gauss–Bonnet theorem.[2] It was introduced independently by Pierre Schapira[3][4][5] and Oleg Viro[6] in 1988, and is useful for enumeration problems in computational geometry and sensor networks.[7]