Erasmus
Dutch humanist (c.1469–1536) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus (/ˌdɛzɪˈdɪəriəs ɪˈræzməs/; Dutch: [ˌdeːziˈdeːriʏs eˈrɑsmʏs]; English: Erasmus of Rotterdam or Erasmus; 28 October c.1466 – 12 July 1536) was a Dutch Christian humanist, Catholic theologian, educationalist, satirist, and philosopher. Through his vast number of translations, books, essays, prayers and letters, he is considered one of the most influential thinkers of the Northern Renaissance and one of the major figures of Dutch and Western culture.[1][2]
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Erasmus | |
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Born | c. 28 October 1466 |
Died | 12 July 1536(1536-07-12) (aged 69) Basel, Old Swiss Confederacy |
Other names | Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus |
Known for | New Testament translations and exegesis, satire, pacificism, letters, best-selling author and editor, and influencer |
Awards | Counsellor to Charles V. (hon.) |
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Era | Northern Renaissance |
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Ecclesiastical career | |
Religion | Christianity |
Church | Catholic Church |
Ordained | 25 April 1492 |
He was an important figure in classical scholarship who wrote in a spontaneous, copious and natural Latin style. As a Catholic priest developing humanist techniques for working on texts, he prepared pioneering new Latin and Greek scholarly editions of the New Testament and of the Church Fathers, with annotations and commentary immediately and vitally influential in both the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Reformation. He also wrote On Free Will, The Praise of Folly, Handbook of a Christian Knight, On Civility in Children, Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style and many other popular and pedagogical works.
Erasmus lived against the backdrop of the growing European religious Reformations. He developed a biblical humanistic theology in which he advocated the religious and civil necessity both of peaceable concord and of pastoral tolerance on matters of indifference. He remained a member of the Catholic Church all his life, remaining committed to reforming the Church from within. He promoted the traditional doctrine of synergism, which some prominent Reformers such as Martin Luther and John Calvin rejected in favor of the doctrine of monergism. His influential middle-road approach disappointed, and even angered, partisans in both camps.